Philosophy ndi Ethics a Aristotle

The wakale Greek wasayansi Aristotle ndi wophunzira wa anthu anzeru kwambiri Plato ndi Mlangizi wa Alexander Wamkulu. Iye - mlengi wa dongosolo mwatsatanetsatane za anthu, kuphimba zosiyanasiyana m'madera a moyo wa munthu, sayansi, logic, ndale, Chaanthu.

Ethics Kale ntchito za Aristotle anafika chitukuko apamwamba. Kuwonjezera pa kukhala munthu woganiza kwambiri kwa nthawi yoyamba kunayambitsa funso lakuti ufulu wa sayansi kuti amaphunzira ubwenzi pakati pa anthu, iye analenga zamoyo zozama za makhalidwe abwino. Komabe, chachikulu adakwaniritsa - ntchito kulemba lotchedwa "Ethics kuti Nicomachus." Mu ntchito iyi, iye analankhula za kufunika kwa sayansi ya makhalidwe abwino kwa anthu onse, monga timatha izo kulera nzika zabwino.

"Ethics" a Aristotle zachokera zamulungu. Ancient woganiza limanena kuti anthu onsewa atsata atanthauzo cholinga chawo, zomwe nzeru zapamwamba akuitana wabwino apamwamba. Pankhaniyi, zilakolako munthu lifanane ndi zolinga za boma wonse. Cholinga chachikulu cha mbali zonse ndi kukwaniritsa ubwino wa anthu lonse ndi boma. Izi ndi zotheka kuyamika wololera moyo yogwira nzika zonse za anthu. "Ethics," Aristotle udzadutsemo zabwino monga chimwemwe.

zolinga apamwamba chingapezeke kudzera kumvetsa makhalidwe anthu. Kwenikweni awo ndi kuthekera kosankha chinthu choyenera kuchita, kumadalira pa mfundo ya "pakati", kupewa kuperewera ndi kusadziletsa. "Ethics," Aristotle ananena kuti kudziwa makhalidwe abwino zotheka. Iwo bwino ndi kubwereza kwa zochita.

Wafilosofi ukugawa makhalidwe koyenela (zokhudza chikhalidwe anthu, monga kudziletsa, ndi wowolowa manja, etc.) Ndipo dianoeticheskie (yapangidwa kuphunzira). Izi ndi zofunika makhalidwe a anthu osati makhalidwe titadziwa ndi zinazake.

"Ethics," Aristotle akufotokoza makhalidwe khumi ndi munthu akhoza kukwaniritsa chitukuko zogwirizana:

- kuwunikidwa;

- kulimba mtima;

- ukulu;

- kuwolowa manja;

- kutchuka;

- kuwolowa manja;

- oona;

- evenness;

- waubwenzi;

- ulemu;

- chilungamo.

mfundo za Aristotle

Woganiza ikufotokoza mmene munthu wamoyo ndi mankhwala okhala ndi makhalidwe awa:

- kanthu;

- chifukwa;

- mawonekedwe;

- cholinga.

Kanthu iye za chodabwitsa monga mwachikulu alipo. Ndi wambawamba ndi uncreatable, kuti ndi wamuyaya. Nkhani sangathe kuwonjezera kapena kuchepa. Izo zikupezeka mu mfundo zisanu: moto, mpweya lapansi, madzi ndi mpweya.

Malinga ndi Aristotle, mawonekedwe - ichi ndi chiyambi cha mapangidwe zinthu zakuthupi kuti tinapangidwa kukwaniritsa chabwino koposa.

Chifukwa akufotokoza mfundo nthawi limene limayamba kuli zinthu. Mtundu uwu wa mphamvu kulenga chinthu chokha.

Zinthu zonse pali cholinga wamba - zabwino apamwamba.

Za moyo Aristotle ananena kuti ndi wamuyaya ndi wosafa. Thupi - ichi ndi chipolopolo ake akunja. Moyo monga Aristotle - ulamuliro mkati mwa khalidwe la munthu, mfundo wapamwamba wa gulu linakhalapo.

Wasayansi imalongosola Mulungu monga chiyambi cha woyambitsa zinthu zonse ndi chifukwa gulu lirilonse. Umulungu ndi phunziro la chidziwitso apamwamba.

Aristotle Politics

Nzeru zapamwamba, iye anati munthu akhoza kokha moyo m'dziko. Ndale m'pofunika kuti anthu abwino kukonza moyo wake boma. cholinga chake - kuphunzitsa nzika zonse za anthu makhalidwe ake, kulola kuti moyo mwachilungamo. Izi ndi zotheka chifukwa cha maphunziro a anthu mu ukoma, amene ali mphamvu ya kuchita awo antchito boma ndi luso kumvera malamulo. wandale ayenera kulenga Njira yabwino dongosolo ndale komanso chimene chimachita cholinga.

State - izi ndi mawonekedwe apamwamba wa anthu m'dziko.