Robert Wilson ndi mtsogoleri. Biography, moyo waumwini, ntchito

Robert Wilson ndi wotsogolera, mtsogoleri wodalirika, wokhala wangwiro yemwe anasintha malingaliro onse a zamakono zamakono zamakono ndi owonetsa malingaliro a zomwe zikuchitika pa siteji. Anapereka zodabwitsa komanso zozizwitsa zomwe ankachita, zomwe ankazichita pamasewero, osagwiritsa ntchito chinenero monga chidziwitso chachikulu, koma kusinthasintha komwe kunakhala kuvina kokongola, kumapangitsa kudziwa zomwe tanthauzo lenileni ndi zoopsa za kupangazo zinsinsi.

Zaka zoyambirira

Robert Wilson ndi mtsogoleri yemwe mbiri yake inayamba mumzinda wawung'ono wa Waco , Texas pa October 4, Ubwana wa munthu wolenga uyu sungatchedwe wokondwa. Matenda achiwawa omwe amalankhula ndi Robert, anachititsa kuti anzake azimuseka.

Mphunzitsi wa Wilson ndi mlangizi Mbalame Hoffman anamuthandiza kuchotsa vuto lakulankhula - chibwibwi, mwaulemu wophunzira woyamikira anatsegula ma laboratory ku chipinda cha nyumba yotchedwa "School of Birds".

Maphunziro - kuyamba kwa njira ya ntchito

Robert Wilson ndi mtsogoleri yemwe ntchito yake siyinayambe kuti ayambe, chifukwa adaphunzira ku yunivesite ya Texas, akuphunzira nkhani zoyendetsera ntchito. Momwemonso mtsogoleri wamkuluyo akanakhala ndi chigawo cha boma, ngati sakudziwa kuti angathe kukhala ndi makhalidwe abwino.

Zinachitika mu 1962, pamene adazindikira kuti sakutsatira njira yake, kuyesa kuphunzira sayansi yosangalatsa ndi yosangalatsa yomwe imapangidwa ndi chikhumbo cha makolo kuti amupange munthu wophunzira. Atachoka ku yunivesite chaka chatha, Wilson amapita ku Pratt Institute ku New York, kumene amapita kukaphunzira kukonza mapulani.

Mu 1966, atamaliza maphunziro ake, Robert anapanga ntchito yopanga maphunziro ndi wopanga nyumba Paolo Soleri. Koma palibe zojambulajambula, kapena zomangamanga, kapena masewera amasiku ano adamuchititsa kuti azidziwana bwino ndi George Balanchine komanso zofufuza za Mers Cunningham.

Ntchito yaikulu yowonjezereka inapangidwa ndi masewero achi Japan . Ichi chinali chiyambi chodalirika kuti Robert azidziwe za tsogolo lake, pamene adayambitsa zopanga zake kwa anthu.

Njira zozindikiridwa

Mwina chifukwa Robert Wilson, wotsogolera ndi kalata yaikulu m'tsogolomu, anali wosakwanira pamene anali mwana, anayamba ntchito yake ndi ana osamva komanso osamva, akupeza njira zatsopano zowonetsera masewerowa.

Mu 1969, zinthu ziwiri zoyambirira zinapangidwa. Iyi ndi "Mfumu ya Spain" komanso "The Life and Times of Sigmund Freud."

Kutchuka kwa dziko lapansi Robert anabweretsa sewero la "The Look of the Deaf", limene linatulutsidwa mu 1971. Ili linali ntchito ya maora asanu ndi awiri popanda mawu amodzi omwe adadziwika ngati ntchito yapadera ya sewero lamakono.

Ntchito yochititsa chidwi yotchedwa "Letter to Queen Queen" mu 1974 inalembedwa ndi Robert Wilson - mkulu. Autist Christopher Knows ali ndi zaka khumi ndi zitatu anakhala chikhalidwe chake chachikulu.

Zotsatira zabwino kwambiri zotsogolera ntchito

Robert Wilson anakhala woyambitsa zopanga 140 zolemba, zomwe zambiri zimapangitsa kuti anthu azitamandidwa ndi kuwongolera mwachidwi anthu otsutsa. Mu 1972, adazindikira polojekiti yayikulu kwambiri ndi kutenga nawo mbali anthu okwana theka la chikwi omwe ankavina kunja. Chochitacho chinatenga masiku asanu ndi awiri ndi usiku pa mapiri asanu ndi awiri ku Iran ndipo amatchedwa "Mount Ka ndi Nsanja ya Olonda".

Mu 1976, adamaliza ntchito yoimba nyimbo ndi opera "Einstein pamphepete mwa nyanja", anadzimangiriza yekha pamutu wa wojambula pa surrealist.

Kusinkhasinkha mwatsatanetsatane, komwe kunadziwika kwa otsutsa a ku France, "Einstein pa Beach" ndizochitika zoyamba zedi mu zojambula zoimbira, kusiya chikondi cha Robert pa nyimbo ndi opera kosatha mu mtima mwake. Ntchitoyi inaperekedwa paulendo wapadziko lonse, pa zikondwerero zosiyanasiyana ndipo inayamba kudziwika bwino.

Kutanthauzira kwakukulu kwa nkhondo zazikulu za nkhondo nthawi zonse, zomwe malinga ndi lingaliro la mtsogoleriyo ziyenera kuti zikhale ndi maola khumi ndi awiri, sizinachitike.

Zaka zingapo, Robert akugwira ntchito pa masewera a masewera - zojambula za nyimbo zamakono komanso zolemba. Zina mwa izo ndi Flut Magic, Madame Butterfly, Mkulu wa Bluebeard Castle, Orpheus, Aida ndi ena ambiri.

Yotsogoleredwa ndi mafilimu 15 m'ndandanda wa avant-garde, kuphatikizapo "Alcesta" ndi "Orpheus ndi Eurydice" mu 2000, "Orpheus" mu 2010

Robert amagwirizana ndi owonetsa kwambiri, oimba opera, playwrights. Iye amapereka moyo watsopano, kutanthauzira mwa njira yakeyomwe ntchito za AP Chekhov, W. Shakespeare, W. Wolf ndi ena omwe amadziwa zolemba zamakono.

Gwiritsani ntchito ku Russia

Kuwonetseratu kovuta kwa polojekitiyi "Nkhani za Pushkin" zinkachitika ku Moscow. Robert Wilson - wotsogolera, amene chithunzi chake chikufotokozedwa m'nkhaniyi, chomwe chinaphatikizapo kupanga ojambula 25 achi Russia.

Mawonedwewo sanakhazikitsidwe pa nkhani za wolemba komanso wolemba ndakatulo ("The Tale of Tsar Saltan", "Nkhani ya Msodzi ndi Nsomba", "Tale ya Golden Cockerel", etc.), koma zolemba za A.S. Pushkin. Kulowetsa mu chikhalidwe cha Chirasha kunamuchititsa chidwi kwambiri mkuluyo, ndipo chikhalidwe cha anthu a ku Russia chinasangalatsa.

Moyo waumwini

Munthu amakhala m'malo obisika komanso akuyang'ana maso, makamaka ngati akukhudza moyo waumwini, Robert Wilson. Mtsogoleriyo ndi wachiwerewere, monga momwe mauthenga achikasu amachitira, kapena ayi, simungathe kunena motsimikiza. Pakati pa kuyankhulana, wochita masewerowa amafotokoza mwachidwi za ntchito yake yolenga, masewero, koma pamene zokambiranazo zimasanduka mitu yaumwini, mwamunthu amakhala chete.

Robert amachita ngati munthu wotchuka, yemwe mosamala ndi mantha amateteza mtendere ndi chitonthozo chake. Ngakhale kuwoneka pagulu, wotsogolera amalingalira mozama kusiyana ndi machitidwe ake.

Koma Wilson ali ndi mtima wokoma mtima. Mwadzidzidzi anakumana mumsewu mu 1968, mnyamata wakuda yemwe anali wosamva, anamutengera ku gawo lalikulu mu sewero la "Look of the deaf." Pambuyo pa maora asanu ndi awiri, zomwe zimanena za malingaliro a mnyamata wosalankhula, mtsogoleriyo adatenga mwana.

Madalitso olemekezeka ndi mphoto

Robert Wilson ndi mtsogoleri wa zisudzo, wotchuka ndi dziko la zamakono monga talente. Kwa zaka zambiri adalandira mphotho zoposa khumi ndi zisanu ndi chimodzi ndi mphotho, zomwe zili zofunika kwambiri:

• Mphoto ya Guggenheim Foundation (1971 ndi 1980);
• Mphoto ya Rockefeller Foundation (1975);
• Mphoto ya Golden Lion ku Biennale ku Venice (1993);
• Mphoto ya Europe (1997).

Wilson ndi membala wa American Academy of Arts. Mu 2002, adapatsidwa udindo wa Mtsogoleri wa National Order for Merit mu Literature ndi Art ku France.

Mbali zofunika za njira ya Wilson

Robert Wilson ndi wotsogolera yemwe moyo wake umakhala wosangalatsa monga momwe iye anachitira poyamba, chifukwa mwa iwo ntchito yofunika kwambiri imakhala ndi masewera ochepa kwambiri, kugwirizana kwa chirichonse chomwe chimachitika pa siteji imodzi.

Zachigawo zazikulu zachitetezo chachitetezo cha Robert Wilson njira:

• Chilankhulo ndi mawu sizilibe kanthu. Chofunika kwambiri ndi chete, zomwe zimasokoneza phokoso, lomwe limalowetsedwa ndi chete. Masewero a kusiyana pakati pa malingaliro a phokoso amachititsa chidwi chosaiŵalika cha masewerowo.
• Gogomezani kusiyana pakati pa malingaliro owona za zomwe zikuchitika pa siteji ndi phokoso. Zimene omvera amamva ziyenera kugwirizanitsidwa ndi zomwe akuziwona, koma osati mobwerezabwereza. Kusunthira ndi kuvina kosalala, nkhani yosangalatsa yomwe imadzaza ndi tanthauzo lake. Kusunthira muwiri ndi phokoso kumapanga chigwirizano chomwe chimagwira ntchitoyi kokha.
• Kusewera ndi kuwala ndi mthunzi. Otsutsa omwe amayang'ana zolembera za Wilson alembe kuti iye, monga wojambula, amalemba zithunzi. Canvas imaloŵa m'malo, ndipo mitundu - kuwala.
• Masewera omwe ali ndi mawu omwe tanthauzo lalikulu silili muzobwezera zomwe zimayankhulidwa ndi ojambula, koma gawo lina lachinsinsi lobisika pakati pa mizere.

Robert Wilson ndi wotsogolera, mmodzi mwa omwe akuimira kwambiri maofesi otchedwa avantat garde, katswiri wodziwa luso, wojambula zithunzi ndi wojambula zithunzi. Anapanga mipando, malo osangalatsa, zojambulazo zinkabwerezedwa mobwerezabwereza m'makanema komanso m'masamu ojambula zithunzi ku London, Tokyo, Rome pa zisudzo 133, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chisangalalo chikhale chosangalatsa. Ku Moscow, adawonetseratu zojambulajambula za "Living People", zomwe zinapangitsa anthu otchuka.

Mmodzi wa anthu opambana kwambiri pazaka za m'ma XX, omwe amapereka mwayi ku luso ndilo cholowa chamtengo wapatali kwa mibadwo yotsatira. Ndipo njira yake yoyambirira kuwonetsera idzakhala chitsanzo chosatsutsika kwa opanga mafilimu ndi oyang'anira.