Russian classicism monga kalembedwe a zomangamanga

Russian classicism, umene ndi kalembedwe a zomangamanga amene anakhala wotchuka mu Russia mu zaka chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chitatu ndi chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chinayi, pamodzi mu zinthu limodzi ntchito Mabaibulo osiyanasiyana, kusunga mphamvu ndi plasticity wa Rococo ndi Baroque. Kenako iwo anayamba kuoneka nyumba Agiriki ndi Manor nyumba chomwe pambuyo chinasinthidwa zitsanzo za zomangamanga ndi zigawo zosiyanasiyana m'dzikoli ndi chitukuko cha mizinda ya ku Russia.

Mumadziwika mapulani chakale: akale IE, Kazakov MF KI Malo, VI Bazhenov, Kokorinov AF, Rinaldi, A. ndi ena. zolengedwa awo ndi Imodzi mwa mitu zofunika kwambiri mu mbiri ya zomangamanga Russian ndi kumpanga weniweni luso cholowa, amene akalipo monga mfundo ndi zakale, komanso mfundo za mizinda ano.

Musanayambe anali kumanga nyumba, Russian classicism anafuna kulenga otchedwa analogi kapangidwe zojambula, n'zotheka molondola kuphunzira kalembedwe zithunzi ndi. Zojambula mochita kugoba anakopera ndipo anatumiza pa mizinda ya ku Russia. Choncho, onse anamanga ankasiyana momveka gulu Hour, mwatsatanetsatane chipindacho, mogwirizana kufanana ndi tochepa zachidule. Facilities anali ophatikizana m'magulu zinchito, mbali mapiko chikugwirizana malemba amene anapanga panja. Ntchito yomanga ankagwiritsa ntchito njerwa zofiira ndi mwala woyera; anamangapo mizati ndi entablature anamanga makoma yosalala ndi mipata slotted, pamakoma ndi mpumulo waukulu, zitsime zosambiramo, kuphatikizaponso makonde ndi zolowetsa ena.

Choncho, classicism Russian anali mfundo zotsatirazi:

1. Nyumba inamangidwa mu mawonekedwe a bokosi, ndi kuti ali ndi nkhani zitatu.

2. maofesi zogona kuyenera kuphatikizapo lolamulila chokhudzana ndi mapiko awiri molunjika tambirimbiri.

3. lolamulila iyenera kukambidwa pakhonde panali munthu.

4. Malire a wapakamwa ndi kuperekedwa mu mawonekedwe a kumathandiza kupeza ngodya zabwino yosavuta, M'mimbamo si chokongoletsedwa, amakona anayi mawindo kupangidwa, chimene polankhula ndi borderless.

5. chokongoletsera yekha wa nyumbayi ndi kutumikira yaikulu linalamula Kukhonde (kutalika lonse dongosolo la).

6. mizati unachoka makoma a ndimeyi.

Tikhoza kunena kuti classicism Russian ali chithunzi cha Byzantine ndi akale chikhalidwe Russian, pa nthawi yomweyo Baroque. Mwachitsanzo, dongosolo otsatirawa angakhale: Pashkov House, Tsarskoye Selo, Peterhof, ndi Zima Palace, Moscow Senate ndi ena.

pachimake izi kalembedwe mapulani anafika pomanga St. Petersburg. Choncho, A. Le lagolide udaikidwa dongosolo mzinda, chimene iye anali ndi nyenyezi woboola pakati dongosolo chowulungika. Chibwenzi, waukulu compositional maziko a St. Petersburg zikufotokozedwa mu mawonekedwe a mikondo ya mano atatu a.

Choncho, latsopano mapulani kalembedwe kuti anatuluka mu Russia ndi analandira pa gawo kufalitsa m'zaka za m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chitatu, wakhala ntchito kwenikweni kwa kumanga mizinda ya ku Russia. Iye anafotokoza mwatsatanetsatane za kubadwa kwa kalembedwe GV Moskvicheva ( "Russian classicism." Buku ophunzira ped. Mabungwe). Buku anafotokoza mapulani kwambiri ndi zolengedwa awo wapadera.