Silo: yomanga ndi zipangizo

Silo - mmodzi wa mitundu chidali chakudya kwa ziweto. M'chaka ng'ombe nthawi ndi ng'ombe yaing'ono alandire ambiri msipu wobiriwira. M'nyengo yozizira, chakudya, ndithudi, kwathunthu kufikako. Zinali ndiye, kupulumutsa adza kwa ziweto ndi silage. Ndi chakudya ndi chimodzimodzi wobiriwira misa, koma zam'chitini. Kakomedwe ka izo wowawasa, koma zopatsa thanzi ndi kwambiri kuposa mitundu ina yozizira forage, kuphatikizapo udzu. Zamzitini misa zobiriwira ngati anthu njira waphunzira nthawi yaitali kale. Kumene, kuphika zakudya zoterezi akhale bwino. Pakuti kuteteza wa mwapadera Mwaichi kapena ngalande silo.

Kodi zomera angagwiritsidwe ntchito

Nthawi zambiri, silage anapangidwa kuchokera misa zaziwisi, mavwende, nyemba, dzinthu ndi mbewu mizu. Nthawi zina mitundu mumagona mu dzenje yekha. Koma alimi ambiri ndi ziweto yokolola Choncho ophatikizana chakudya.

Mu silo aliyense choncho ayenera kudzazidwa ndi lokonzedwa bwino misa wobiriwira. Kuti azipeza kusamala unachitikira bwinobwino - mosataya zakudya chakudya, zomera ayenera wosweka bwino. Choncho zidutswa za kukula wofanana ayenera kukhala pafupifupi 3-5 cm malingana amakonzekera chikhalidwe.

mitundu ya silage

Zamzitini misa wobiriwira kungakhale m'njira ziwiri: ozizira ndi otentha. Mbali yoyamba, zomera zonse pansi anayikidwa mu dzenje ndi tikaumbike yomweyo. osakaniza chidafundidwa ndi wosanjikiza dothi. Nthawi zina ntchito filimu wapadera kwa maenje silage. Izo zikhoza kugulidwa ku makampani chinkhoswe mu kupanga kuphimbira ndi zipangizo zosiyanasiyana zaulimi chophimba. Pamwamba dongo ambiri wosanjikiza zina za dziko lapansi udzathiridwa. N'zotheka kutseka dzenje ndipo motero, losindikizidwa ndi filimu. Komabe, mu Zikatero, ntchito imeneyi si kuvomerezedwa. Childs, filimuyi chabe akanikizire pansi ena kulemera. Kungakhale Mwachitsanzo, ngakhale zaka matayala.

Pamene otentha silage opangidwa tsamba mbali. Choncho aliyense wosanjikiza preconditioned nthawi kutenthetsa mu mkhalidwe lotayirira. Iye anafotokozanso tikaumbike. Kenako, aikidwa pamwamba ndi wosanjikiza lotsatira amadziwikanso anakhalabe. Pomaliza, kulemera kwa zigawo chapamwamba cha m'munsi tikaumbike. Chifukwa, iwo anayamba kulankhula njira kuteteza (chifukwa cha luso moyo mabakiteriya anaerobic).

Nthawi zambiri pa minda anagwiritsa ntchito njira yoyamba ensiling. Choyamba, ndi yodziwika ndi kuphweka luso, ndipo kachiwiri, pamene njira zimenezi, chiwerengero chachikulu cha zakudya kusungidwa mu chakudya. Hot ensiling njira applicable pokhapokha ngati kuli koyenera kuteteza wobiriwira coarse CHIKWANGWANI misa. Mu ndondomeko yosungira yotsirizira kumakhaladi lililonse limatisokoneza kwambiri, chifukwa mu bwino kudyedwa ndi nyama.

Silo: zoyamba za chipangizo

Nthawi zina zambiri zomera zobiriwira mungathe nsanja wapadera. Motero, mabungwe ang'onoang'ono makamaka lalikulu ulimi. alimi ochiritsira ndi eni farmsteads amathera ensilage mu maenje kapena kunkhondo. Inde, kusinthika kwa maofesi amenewa yosungirako ayenera kutsatira luso zina. Asanayambe ntchito zofunika kudziwa kukula kwa una. Choncho Mwachitsanzo, mphamvu zake zikhoza kukhala 12-35 mamita ^3. Malinga ichi, pomaliza kulandira matani 7-20 a silage. Kuya kwa dzenje ukhale wofanana Mwachitsanzo, 2.5-3.5 mamita pa awiri a 2-3 mamita ngalande kutalika sayenera upambana 20 mamita Zolemba malire mphamvu - .. ³ 180 mamita (100 m).

Konzekeretsani nkhokwezi ndi ngalande amaloledwa yekha mu dothi wandiweyani dongo. Ndipo, ndithudi, m'madera padziko lapansi samabwera pafupi ndi madzi pansi. Ndi bwino kuti dzenje kapena ngalande pa phiri lililonse, ndipo pafupi zotheka kwa khola la ng'ombe ndi ng'ombe yaing'ono.

Zipangizo mdzenje

Pofuna kuti yosungiramo silo, muyenera kukonzekera zipangizo zotsatirazi:

• dongo kwa pansi prostilki ndi wosindikiza (zithunzi ngati zikhoza kusintha, ngati filimu kwa pachikuto cha nkhokwezi);
• njerwa cladding (akhoza m'malo simenti matope);
• matabwa ndi matabwa kwa kukonza pogona.

Ntchito yomanga yosungirako

Musanayambe ntchito yomanga anatumizidwa m'dera dzenje ayenera limagwirizana. Chotsatira ndi yomanga. Kunyumba, mungathe kuchita ntchito pamanja. Alimi ntchito izi, ndithudi, ndi zipangizo zina zapadera. Pansi pa maenje zakale Mulimonsemo ayenera kukondera yaing'ono Chapakati.

Kukumana yosungirako amapangidwa kuti musunge madzi kuchokera m'nthaka mu izo. Chinthu choyamba chimene muyenera zoika njerwa kapena simenti lembani (mu formwork anasonkhana ndi zolimba) pa khoma dzenje. Kenako kumatira pansi silo lapansi. Mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito dongo. Koma bwino akadali kuti njira imeneyi, ndithudi, chuma ano. Film silo aikidwa pansi ndi alipo ndi. Komanso pamwamba pa izo imagwiridwa yomanga nyumba mu mzere umodzi. Mukhozanso kutsanulira dzenje simenti pansi pa munthu screed wandiweyani. The binder njira yothetsera zomangamanga pa mfundo amadalira okonzeka mu chiwerengero 1: 2. Pakuti kuthira makoma konkire ndi pansi angakhale okwanira kusonkhezela mchenga ndi simenti mu chiŵerengero cha 1: 3-1: 4. Pakuti timabowo ting'onoting'ono cladding angagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati ng'oma zitsulo ndi konkire bwino mphete.

Bookmark kulemera

Pamene silo ndi wokonzeka (pafupi masabata awiri pambuyo ntchito), wokhutira unapangidwa odulidwa amadyera pa luso osankhidwa. Atangomva padziko lapansi udzakhala pafupifupi 20-30 masentimita ufulu danga yosungirako, anapanga blockage ake. Pakuti filimu imeneyi choyamba ntchito kapena dothi, kenako - dziko lapansi kapena katundu.

msonkhano denga

Kumangidwa kwa dongosolo silo denga. Izi zili zofunika kuteteza kusungiramo mvula yoyambilira ya nyundo mochedwa ndi masika. Iwo yakwera kuchokera chisanadze anasonkhana ku matabwa matabwa matabwa. Ikani akhoza anakhetsa pa thandizo mwachizolowezi wa matabwa, anakumba pansi. Malekezero apansi yotsirizira isanafike unsembe ayenera kusonyezedwa ndi phula. Ntchito linseed mafuta kapena galimoto zinyalala mafuta ndi osafunika.

Mu njira iyi, ndipo osauka ndi nkhokwezi. Monga mukuonera, ndondomeko ndi mwaukadaulo wosavuta. Chinthu chachikulu - kuyesa kupewa kusalola thupi wobiriwira wa madzi kuchokera pansi kapena mpweya. Mulimonsemo, silo, kulenga yake - njira yabwino kupeza apamwamba chakudya khalidwe ziweto m'nyengo yozizira.