Tectonic Kapangidwe ka West Siberia kumveka. West Siberia mbale

The West Siberia Plain limabweretsa mtundu accumulative ndipo mmodzi wa yaikulu zigwa m'zigwa za padziko lapansi. Mwachirengedwe, adzaupereka kwa mbale West-Siberia. Pa m'gawo lake pali Madera a Russian Federation ndi gawo kumpoto kwa Kazakhstan. Tectonic Kapangidwe ka West Siberia kumveka osokoneza ndiponso osiyanasiyana.

nyumba Tectonic la Russia

Russia lili Europe ndi ku Asia, Africa yaikulu pa dziko, monga awiri a dziko - Europe ndi Asia. Amang'amba mbali kuwala dongosolo tectonic kwa mapiri a Ural. Map amalola zowoneka onani kapangidwe miyala ya dziko. Tectonic magawidwe ukugawa m'dera la Russia pa mbali Geological monga nsanja zigawo apangidwe. Kapangidwe Geological akukhudzana mwachindunji kwa zimachititsa chilumbachi padziko. nyumba Tectonic ndi landforms zimadalira zimene dera iwo ali.

Mkati Russia pali mbali zingapo miyala. nyumba Tectonic la Russia anapereka nsanja pindani lamba ndi phiri kachitidwe. Pa gawo la dziko pafupifupi m'madera onse akhala akukonza ndondomeko lopinda.

The nsanja yaikulu mu gawo la dziko ndi East European, Siberia, West Siberia, Pechora ndi Asikuti. Nawonso, anawagawa okwera, otsika ndi zigwa.

Kapangidwe ka malamba a apangidwe kuchita ndi Ural-Mongolian, Mediterranean ndi Pacific. kachitidwe paphiri m'dera la Russia - Wamkulu Caucasus, ndi Altai, Western ndi kum'mawa Sayan mapiri, Verkhoyansk osiyanasiyana, mapiri a Ural, lokwera Cherskogo, Sikhote-Alin. Iwo angatiuze mmene inakhazikitsidwa, stratigraphic tebulo.

Kapangidwe Tectonic, mawonekedwe a mpumulo pa dera la Russia ndi zogometsa kwambiri komanso osiyanasiyana mu mawu a kafukufuku wakapangidwe kazachilengedwe, geomorphology, ndi chiyambi orographic.

Kapangidwe miyala ya Russia

Udindo wa mbale lithospheric, amene asunga lero - chifukwa cha zovuta yaitali chitukuko miyala. Mkati lithosphere ndi allocated timapepala lalikulu la dziko yosiyana ndi mzake ndi zosiyanasiyana za miyala, asayembekezere ndi njira miyala. Pa geotectonic magawidwe amamvetsera mlingo wa kusintha mu thanthwe zikuchokera miyala chapansi ndi nyanja kuphimba mwamphamvu kayendedwe ka zinthu za maziko. m'gawo Russian lagawidwa m'dera apangidwe ndi epiplatform kutsegula. Geotectonic magawidwe chimakwirira nyumba yonse tectonic. stratigraphy tebulo lili deta za geotectonics panopa Russia.

akalumikidzidwa mpumulo anapanga kudzera kayendedwe kwambiri ndi makhalidwe awo. A udindo wapadera ndi ankaimba ndi mtsinje. zigwa za mitsinje ndi zigwembe anapanga mu moyo wawo. Landforms komanso ndipamene glaciation. Chifukwa cha glacier pa zigwa pali mapiri ndi zitunda. The mawonekedwe alili akadali umakhudza Madzi oundana. The chifukwa cha yozizira koopsa ndi thawing wa madzi subsurface ndi subsidence ndondomeko.

Siberia Precambrian nsanja ndi dongosolo wakale. M'chigawo chapakati cha icho chiri m'dera la kungomanga Karelian, kumadzulo ndi kum'mwera kumadzulo anapanga Baikal apangidwe. M'dera la West-Siberia ndi otsika Siberia yafalikira kungomanga Hercynian.

Mpumulo wa Western Siberia

M'dera la Western Siberia akuloza plunges kuchokera kum'mwera mpaka kumpoto. Mpumulo wa gawo ukufanizidwa ndi zosiyanasiyana Matupi awo ndi zovuta mu chiyambi. Imodzi mwa muyezo zofunika mpumulo ndi kusiyana okwera mtheradi. Pa West Siberia Plain masiyanidwe zizindikiro wachilengedwe ambiri meters.

Lathyathyathya mtunda ndi okwera pang'ono chifukwa cha matalikidwe ka mbale apaulendo. Pa periphery ya m'chigwa pazipita matalikidwe ukufika okwera mamita 100-150. Mu chapakati ndi chakumpoto m'madera a kutsitsa matalikidwe mamita 100-150. Tectonic dongosolo yachonde Middle ndi West Siberia zigwa mochedwa Cainozoic ali ndi bata.

Kapangidwe Hrs wa West Siberia Plain

Mwachirengedwe, m'chigwa kumpoto ndi m'mphepete mwa nyanja Kara, malire kumwera akuthamanga pamodzi kumpoto kwa Kazakhstan ndipo adzagwira mbali zake zochepa, kumadzulo ake kuyang'anira Ural Mountains kummawa - chapakati Siberia Plateau. North kutalika kum'mwera m'chigwa cha za 2500 Km, kutalika kumadzulo kum'mawa zimasiyanasiyana 800 kwa 1900 Km. m'dera Chigwacho za 3 Mill. ^Km2.

mpumulo Plain wonyong'onya, pafupifupi ngakhale kupsa mtima, nthawi zina mtunda utali ukufika mamita 100 pamwamba pa nyanja. Kumadzulo, kum'mwera ndi kumpoto mbali ya kutalika kwake izo angafikire ku mamita 300. Kutsitsa gawo amachokera kwa kum'mwera mpaka kumpoto. Ambiri, kapangidwe tectonic wa West Siberia kumveka zimaonekera alili.

Pa gawo la mitsinje yaikulu loyenda zigwa - Yenisei, ob, Irtysh, pali nyanja ndi zithaphwi. Nyengo chokhala.

Kapangidwe miyala ya West Siberia Plain

Location West Siberia Plain sachoka ku eponymous Epihercynian mbale. chapansi miyala kwambiri ntchafu ndipo Paleozoic nthawi. Anabisa wosanjikiza nyanja ndi kumtunda Meso-kajnozojskih Mafuta (sandstones, clays, ndi zina zotero.) Makulidwe mamita oposa 1000. Mu m'maenje a maziko mphamvu lino mpaka mamita 3000-4000. Kum'mwera kwa chigwa pali wamng'ono - alluvial-nyanja m'dambo m'chigawo chakumpoto ndi msinkhu - m'dambo glacial-m'madzi.

Tectonic Kapangidwe ka West Siberia Plain zikuphatikizapo m'munsi ndi chikuto.

Maziko slab ali choyimira matenda a mbali phompho kum'mawa ndi kumpoto ndi wofatsa kuchokera kum'mwera ndi kumadzulo. maziko zingatipunthwitse ndi chisanadze Paleozoic, Baikal, Caledonian ndi nthawi Hercynian. Dismembered maziko kwambiri fractures a misinkhu yosiyanasiyana. Ambiri zolakwa zazikulu submeridional - ndi East Zauralsky ndi Kyiv-Pursky. Map of nyumba tectonic zikusonyeza kuti padziko maziko slab ali kunja pribortovyh lamba ndi dera lamkati. Padziko lonse maziko zovuta dongosolo auka ndi matendawa,.

Mlanduwu interbedded chokhala ndi m'mphepete mwa nyanja-m'madzi m'dambo mphamvu mamita 3000-4000 kum'mwera ndi kumpoto mamita 7000-8000.

Chapakati Siberia yachonde

Chapakati Siberia Plateau lili kumpoto kwa Europe ndi ku Asia. Inkakhala pakati pa West Siberia Plain kumadzulo, ku Central Yakut kumveka kum'mawa North otsika Siberia kumpoto, Baikal dera, Transbaikalia ndi kum'mawa Sayan mapiri kum'mwera.

Tectonic dongosolo Middle yachonde anapima kuti nsanja Siberia. Zikuchokera kuti limafanana ndi nthawi matope Paleozoic ndi Mesozoic Parodi khalidwe pakuti ali stratified intrusions zomwe zigwirizana ndi misampha ndi mapepala basalt.

mpumulo Plateau tichipeza zitunda zathyathyathya waukulu ndi zitunda, pa nthawi yomweyo, pali zigwa ndi otsetsereka. Wapakati msinkhu kusiyana mu mpumulo wa mamita 500-700, koma pali ziwalo za yachonde, kumene chizindikiro mtheradi limatuluka pamwamba mamita 1000, malo amenewa akuphatikizapo Yenisei Ridge ndi Angara-Lena yachonde. Mmodzi wa malo apamwamba a m'gawo ali Putorana yachonde, kutalika kwake ndi mamita 1701 pamwamba pa nyanja.

chapakati manambala

Waukulu okulira lokwera la Kamchatka ndi chapakati osiyanasiyana. Kapangidwe Tectonic ndi mapiri, wopangidwa mwa nsonga napereka kachitidwe. Osiyanasiyana chochokera kumpoto chakum'mwera ndi m'litali ndi 1200 Km. Mu gawo kumpoto kwa iwo anaikira ambiri mipita, chigawo chapakati ndi mtunda lalikulu pakati pa nsonga ya, kum'mwera pali ruggedness amphamvu a khamu, ndi asymmetry wa malo otsetsereka zimaonetsa ku Central osiyanasiyana. Kapangidwe Tectonic umaonekera mpumulo. Amakhala ndi mapiri, zitunda zathyathyathya chiphalaphala, mapiri, glaciated nsonga.

Ridge ndi kumva mwa nyumba m'munsi-kuti, chidwi kwambiri a iwo - izo Malkinskiy, Kozyrovsky, Bystrinsky Mitandadza.

The chimbuzi uli Ichinsky ndi mamita 3621. Mapiri ena, monga Khuvkhoitun, Alna, Shishelov, pachimake Sopka, upambana chilemba cha mamita 2500.

mapiri Ural

Ural Mountains - mapiri, lomwe lili pakati pa East European ndi West Siberia zigwa. M'litali ndi zoposa 2000 Km, m'lifupi ranges ku 40 150 Km.

Ural Mountains tectonic kapangidwe wa dongosolo wakale khola. Mu Paleozoic geosyncline zinali pano ndi nyanja akukhatira. Popeza mapangidwe amapezeka Paleozoic Ural Mountains dongosolo. Main makwinya zinachitika mu nthawi Hercynian.

Tima makwinya zinachitika pa kum'mawa otsetsereka Ural, amene anali limodzi ndi fractures kwambiri ndi kusakonda kulowerera amene zamitundu anafika pafupi 120 kukafika m'litali ndi 60 Km m'lifupi. makutu ali flattened, mozondoka, ndi kobvuta ndi opyoza.

Pa otsetsereka kumadzulo makwinya zinachitika zochepa kwambiri. M'makwinya ali ophweka, popanda opyoza. No kulowerera.

Kuthamanga analenga kummawa dongosolo tectonic - Russian nsanja, maziko a angaletsedwe mapangidwe lopinda. Pang'onopang'ono, m'malo mwa geosyncline Ural anaonekera mapiri apangidwe.

Kumbali tectonic wa Urals lonse - kuipidwa ya synclinoria anticlinoria ndi kulekanitsidwa ndi mzake ndi zolephera kwambiri.

Urals mpumulo asymmetrical kuchokera kummawa mpaka kumadzulo. otsetsereka kum'mawa akutsika steeply cha West Siberia Plain. The otsetsereka wofatsa kumadzulo bwino mu East kumveka European. Asymmetry anayambitsa ntchito zawo tectonic Kapangidwe ka West Siberia Plain.

chishango Baltic

Baltic Chishango wa kumpoto chakumadzulo kwa East nsanja European, ndi ziyerekezo yaikulu ya maziko ake ndi kukwezeka pamwamba pa nyanja. Mu malire kumpoto chakumadzulo akuthamanga kuchokera nyumba apangidwe Caledonia-Scandinavia. Kum'mwera ndi kum'mwera chakum'mawa kwa chishango miyala adalowetsedwa ikayamba wa miyala nyanja ya East mbale European.

Mwachirengedwe, chishango amamangiriridwa ku gawo kum'mwera kum'mawa kwa Scandinavia Peninsula, ndi Kola Peninsula ndi Karelia.

Chishango dongosolo yokhudza zigawo zitatu zakubadwa osiyana - Scandinavia South (West), Central ndi Kola-Karelian (kum'mawa). South gawo Scandinavia amamangidwa kum'mwera kwa Sweden ndi Norway. Amakhala chipika Murmansk ndi allocated.

The gawo chapakati ali gawo la Finland ndi Sweden. Pamafunikanso chapakati Kola chipika ndi kusungidwa mu chigawo chapakati cha Kola Peninsula.

Kola-Karelian gawo ali gawo la Russia. Adzaupereka kwa nyumba yakale kwambiri mapangidwe. Kapangidwe Kola-Karelian gawo allocated ena zinthu tectonic: Murmansky, Central Kola, Belomorsky, Karelia, iwo zidzasankhidwa pakati pa fractures kwambiri.

Kola Peninsula

Kola Peninsula tectonically womangidwa kwa gawo kumpoto kum'mawa kwa Baltic Chikopa lopangidwa ndi miyala ya chiyambi wakale - granites ndi gneisses.

Relief mbali anatengera Peninsula crystalline chishango ndi kusonyeza kuda zolakwa ndi ming'alu. Kunja kwa chilumba cha mukopedwe oundana kuti flattened nsonga za mapili.

Chilumba ndi chikhalidwe cha mpumulo ndi mbali ya kumadzulo ndi kum'mawa. kum'mawa gawo la mpumulo si monga zovuta monga kumadzulo. Mapiri Kola Peninsula zinthu zinazake mizati - pa nsonga mapiri ndi lathyathyathya yachonde ndi otsetsereka, matendawa, zili pansi. Plateau kudula ndi m'zigwa zakuya ndipo m'zigwa. Kumadzulo anakonza Lovozerskie Titafika pamalo ndi Khibiny, tectonic dongosolo yamasika chikukhudza m'mapiri.

Hibiny

Mwachirengedwe Hibiny amati ndi chigawo chapakati cha Kola Peninsula, ndi yaikulu mapiri. The zaka Geological a khamu la kuposa zaka 350 miliyoni zokha. Kutsikatsika Hibiny - tectonic dongosolo lomwe ndi intrusive thupi (Unalimbitsa chiphalaphala) lovuta kapangidwe ndi zikuchokera. Kuyambira mfundo Geological maganizo, kulowerera - si anatsanulira kuphulika. Zungulirani ukunkirankira ndi tsopano, ndi kusintha chaka ndi 1-2 cm. Monga mbali ya massif intrusive opezeka oposa 500 mitundu ya mchere.

Mu Hibinah sanapeze ayezi aliyense, koma pali kuda ayezi wakale. Nsonga yachonde ngati khamu, otsetsereka ndi phompho ndi zambiri snowfields, zigumukire yogwira mapiri ambiri nyanja. Hibiny wotsika mapiri. Kukwezedwa apamwamba pamwamba pa nyanja, wa phiri Yudychvumchorr ndipo limafanana 1200,6 m.