The First World nkhondo: mwachidule za zazikulu

Mu 1914 mu dziko, ndipo koposa zonse, pa Ulaya kunayambika First World nkhondo. Mwachidule pamene zovuta kufotokoza zovuta kwambiri chifukwa yosavuta kuti nkhondo kapena Europe kapena dziko lonse sankadziwa mbiri linakhalapo. Nkhondo imeneyi anasonyeza dziko wapadera luso chikhalidwe zosiyana: ndi akasinja choyamba, ntchito mpweya mankhwala, machenjerero a nkhondo, kuphedwa kwa kusokonekera madera padziko lonse zikuluzikulu ndipo potsiriza, n'kale lonse maphwando ambiri amene anatenga gawo mmenemo.

The First World nkhondo: mwachidule pa malo a

Pa chiyambi cha atumwi ku Europe ife anayamba koopsa kwambiri pakati pa mitundu yamphamvu nthawi zambiri. Entente msana inkakhala limati oyambirira zokwanira post- mafakitale zisinthe ndi nthawi kuti anali ndi udindo wabwino kwambiri mu zachuma, panyanja ndi atsamunda dongosolo. Izi koposa zonse, a France ndi England. Mosiyana ndi chitukuko pazipita wafika Germany, pafupifupi adzakhale pa mafakitale, koma analibe nthawi tebulo kulekana kwa chuma atsamunda. Ikani kulakwika pakati pa udindo kuthekera ndi lenileni la Germany, zimene zaka zochepa nkhondo isanayambe, onse anakula pangermanistskie aukali maganizo. ogwirizana zachilengedwe akhala adani a Britain ndi France, komanso, mu malo chachiwiri, Russia. Mwachitsanzo, Austria-Hungary ndi Turkey ndi chidwi ndi Balkans, womwe umagwira ntchito nthawi imeneyi Russia ananenera. The First World nkhondo Mwachidule, anali zotsatira mosalephera a zotsutsana kukula. Choncho mkangano amavutika posachedwa kapena mtsogolo.

The First World nkhondo: mwachidule pa nthawi

The chonamizira ofunda kwa kutsegula moto anali kuphedwa wa ku Austria Archduke ku Sarajevo ndi Odzipatula Serb mu June 1914. Wapawiri ufumu anakankhira kovuta musankhepo kuti Serbia, omwe boma Balkan dziko ndi pafupi kwathunthu kugwirizana, kupatula katunduyo pa nawo nthumwi Austria mu kufufuza zoweta Chisebiya ndi kupeza perpetrators - ndi ulamuliro wa mbali Chisebiya. Ndipotu banja lolamulira la Habsburg mpira ochepa okha ndi chonamizira poyambitsa nkhondo, ndipo analengeza pa July 28, kuti pakhale zochitika wamagazi.

The First World nkhondo: kusuntha (mwachidule) Nkhondo

nkhondoyo inatha zaka zoposa zinayi ndipo zinatha kokha mu November 1918. Mu gawo loyamba la nkhondo bwinobwino kwambiri opareshoni boma la chapatatu Union of Germany mu August anali pafupi pafupi Paris, koma kulowa mu nkhondo Japan komanso m'mayiko ena kwachititsa kuchedwa mu kugunda kwa. Pang'onopang'ono, nkhondo anatenga chikhalidwe ofoola kwambiri ngalande, kumene palibe mbali ya Western Front (French - German) sakanatha kutenga katundu. Otsiriza ndipo onse anali kulimbana ziŵiri, kupopera mphamvu yake kum'mawa polimbana ndi magulu ankhondo a Romanovs. Magulu ankhondo Habsburg Ufumu mofulumira anasonyeza archaism awo ndi mwaukadaulo ndi administratively ndi makhalidwe abwino. Mu March 1918, Western Front anathandiza a magulu French, US, kenako magulu German pang'onopang'ono anayamba kuphwera ku malire a mnansi. Kumayambiriro October, zinthu kwa Hohenzollern (German olamulira) ali kotero kobvuta kuti Wilhelm II anakakamizika kuvomereza kugonjetsedwa chipani November 11, pamene iye anapita 1918.

The First World nkhondo: zotsatira (mwachidule)

Mikanganoyi anakhala nthawi kuti wotchuka kwambiri mu mbiri ya anthu. Iwo anali nawo limati 38 ndipo anthu opitirira 74 miliyoni, umene pafupifupi mamiliyoni 10 anaphedwa ndipo ambiri wopunduka. Koma chifukwa chachikulu cha nkhondo dongosolo la Versailles dongosolo, zomwe zinkabweretsa mayiko anagonjetsa udindo manyazi, makamaka Germany, ndi kuyambitsa zotsatira nkhondo World. Chifukwa cha mapangano amenewa ndi ufumu otsiriza anawonongedwa, ndi ku Ulaya izo potsiriza ovomerezedwa ndi kupambana kwa mtundu boma. zotsatira zina zofunika nkhondoyo anakhala kusintha otchuka mu Germany yemweyo, ndipo makamaka mu Russia.