The maselo ndi udindo wake kwachilengedwenso

Pakali pano, kwa anthu ambiri palibe chinsinsi chimene zimagwira ntchito zosiyanasiyana ali ndi mfundo za lamulo njira amuzolengedwa mchipindamo. Chifukwa nembanemba kwachilengedwenso amapereka mwa homeostasis mkati mwa selo. Maselo vysokoizberatelno zikusintha liwiro malowedwe a mankhwala osiyanasiyana kwachilengedwenso mu khungu, komanso njira kunja kwa michere ndi onyamula. Komanso, nyumba imeneyi ali ndi zovuta kwachilengedwenso zovuta zomwe amapereka maganizo, kusintha ndi kulanda mfundo chilengedwe mu selo.

Selo nembanemba ndi dongosolo lomwe kukuchepetsa maselo organelles subcellular (lysosomes, mitochondria, Golgi zida , etc.). Mukachipinda ndi dongosolo kwathunthu kwa nembanemba zomangidwa ndi tubular, matumba ndi akasinja. Nembanemba kwachilengedwenso - mbale woonda (60-70%) glycoprotein ndi lipoprotein chikhalidwe. Tikumbukenso kuti bakiteriya ndi chomera maselo , mosiyana ndi nyama sangathe kusintha mawonekedwe awo ngati amacheza ndi nkhungu khoma selo. Cell Kakhungu mbewu thupi imakhala polysaccharides, mabakiteriya a monosaccharides, amino dzuwa, lipids ndi amino zidulo.

Kapangidwe ka maselo nembanemba.

The Gawo la nembanemba selo lipids (60-70%) - phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, sphingomyelin ndi mafuta. Mafuta amamangiriridwa ku kwachilengedwenso Kakhungu chinthu chimodzimodzi, kotero imakhala ndi ndende ka mafuta kwambiri zotanuka. mapulotini Kakhungu amene timapemphera lipoprotein ndi maofesi glycoprotein (30-35%). Maselo mu pang'ono mulinso chakudya monga mbali ya glycoproteins, glycolipids ndi glycosaminoglycans (5-10%). Kapangidwe ka nembanemba foni ndipo mankhwala zazing'ono (zidulo mkati antioxidants, ayoni zochita kupanga, coenzymes, etc.). Madzi a m'magazi Kakhungu umafananirako ndipo yofunika ndi nembanemba okhudza maselo ambiri a reticulum endoplasmic (reticulum). The zikuchokera zikuphatikizapo reticulum Kakhungu granular ndi agranular endoplasmic reticulum, amene amagawa malo amkati mu kuchuluka kwa zipinda selo. Ndi chofunika kwambiri lamulo zoyendera okhudza maselo ambiri a zinthu ndi nthenda zako kagayidwe kachakudya.

Ntchito selo nembanemba.

Cell nembanemba kupereka chotchinga ntchito, zomwe kumaonekera mwa mawonekedwe a kusankha, olamulidwa kagayidwe chilengedwe. Kudzera kusankha permeability m'chipinda angalowe zinthu yokha ya kukula ena.

Biomembrane zoyendera ntchito amapereka kulanda zakudya mu khungu ndi kuchotsa metabolites komaliza therefrom. Nembanemba selo zimafunika pH mulingo woyenera. Anthu mankhwala omwe sangathe wosanjikiza mtanda bilipidny, iwo mkatikati mwa mapuloteni yeniyeni chonyamulira, ndi endocytosis. The chabe mtundu transprorta zinthu mu maselo monga mayamwidwe. Timanyamula yogwira zinthu ikuchitika ndi nawo mpope potaziyamu-ndi sodium.

Masanjidwewo Kakhungu ntchito chifukwa cha zina interposition ndi lathu mapulotini Kakhungu. mbali yofunika kwambiri kuonetsetsa ntchito makina ndi maselo makoma, ndi nyama - intercellular mankhwala. Ntchito lilime imagwiridwa chifukwa kukhalapo mapulotini wapadera amene isanafalikire kwa khungu nembanemba.

The enzymatic ntchito ya nembanemba kwachilengedwenso kugwirizana ndi mapuloteni Kakhungu ndi michere. Mwachitsanzo, plasma nembanemba maselo zaminyewa (zaminyewa maselo a intestine ndi) ali m'mimba michere.