Tomato: kukula ndi chisamaliro nsonga

Kodi muli ndi malo, ndi kuti chilakolako yosalephera kuchita kulima masamba, mu tomato makamaka? Mwalandiridwa kubadwa kwa munda novice, koma kupereka koyamba kuti zina zokhudza zimene tomato, kulima ndi kusamalira kuti muli kuphunzira.

Phwetekere (phwetekere) ndi herbaceous zomera, a ku America South ndi a banja Solanaceae. Monga ulamuliro, chaka ndi chaka, koma mu zinthu za nthaka chatsekedwa ndi kukhalabe zinthu mulingo woyenera, akhoza kukula ndi kubala zipatso mu zaka zingapo.

Mu dziko lathu adafuna m'kagulu tomato mu subspecies atatu: neshtambovy (wamba) krupnolisty, Shtambovji. Ife mwakula zomera, makamaka zosiyanasiyana choyamba.

Tikasiya tomato, kulima ndi kusamala ikuchitika mosamalitsa motsogozedwa ndi ena ya malangizo. Tomato owonetsetsa kuwala. Ngati izo siziri zokwanira, masamba ayamba sankachidziwa, masamba kugwa pa umatheka ndi mwamphamvu kukoka ndi ambiri zomera kukula pang'onopang'ono, makamaka ayenera kuonedwa, kupanga kulima tomato mu wowonjezera kutentha kapena kusamalira mbande mu chipinda.

Kufunika madzi phwetekere ndi opondapo, pa nthawi yomweyo, zomera ndi zimene zimapirira chilala. Pamene madontho kutentha ayenera kusiya kuthirira kwathunthu, ngakhale chinyezi nthaka ndi zoperewera. Pa zosayembekezereka ya misa ya zipatso yakucha ayenera kusiya kuthirira kwathunthu, makamaka mitundu ndi kukula zochepa - kusasitsa za mbewu mu nkhani iyi, kudzabwera nyimboyi ndi zipatso kuwonjezeka khalidwe.

Chinthu chapadera cha tomato ndi kuti amafuna otsika chinyezi, m'pofunika tione chinthu ichi kubala tomato kukula mu wowonjezera kutentha, ndipo mwinamwake ndi zosavuta matenda chomera zikuchepa, ndi kubereketsa zomera maluwa chatsika, umene zimaonekera tsogolo pa khalidwe ndi kuchuluka kwa mbewu

Ngati muli kukula tomato kutchire, mipweya amene sakudziwika, tiyenera kukumbukira kuti mchere zinthu zazikulu zomera mphamvu ndi asafe, phosphorous ndi potaziyamu.

Asafe amalimbikitsa kukula ngati sikokwanira - zomera kukula pang'onopang'ono, ndipo masamba ndi wotumbululuka wobiriwira. Ngati pali owonjezera nayitrogeni, ndiye pali njira yotchedwa kudzinenepetsa - zimayambira kukhala amphamvu kwambiri, masamba ndi mdima wobiriwira, zomera anayamba pachimake mochedwa, zipatso zipse kwa nthawi yaitali.

Phosphorus ndi chikoka yogwira pa zomwe Ziwalo zoberekera. Tomato amadera nkhawa kwambiri kupanda mchere ichi mu m'badwo mmera, ndiye masamba kutembenukira wofiirira.

Potaziyamu ndi tomato ambiri ankadya, m'pofunika makamaka nthawi kukula zipatso. Ndi chizindikiro cha kupanda tsamba azipiringa, amene angalakwitse chifukwa chiyambi cha chitukuko cha choipitsa mochedwa.

Waukulu kufufuza zinthu, kupereka pa kukula ndi chitukuko cha tomato amadza yaikulu, ndi manganese, mkuwa, sulfure, ndi magnesium.

Akukonzekera kubzala tomato m'deralo, kulima ndi chisamaliro zimene zimaphatikizapo mndandanda wa mbewu zabwino, muyenera kuganizira chifukwa kusankha mbewu yabwino. Aganizire kutsegula kapena kutseka pansi mbewu chofunika ndi chiyani ndi bwino kusankha - MITUNDU kapena wosakanizidwa, chifukwa awiriwa pali kusiyana.

Zosiyanasiyana ndi chomera anachokera munthu ndi makhalidwe enieni ndi yunifolomu morphological ndi kwachilengedwenso, kupulumutsa ndi kugawana ndi zosokoneza ku mibadwomibadwo kwa zaka zambiri. hybrid The analandira ndi kudutsa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zomera makamaka anasankha. zomera Zophatikiza ndi waphindu, matenda kugonjetsedwa, ndi kutalika chomwecho, ndi zipatso mu inflorescence wa, limagwirizana ndi kukula ndi mtundu.

Koma chirichonse chimene inu musaike tomato, kukula ndi kuwasamalira adzakuweruza zosangalatsa ndi zabwino mphamvu, makamaka pa nyengo yokolola. wophika A awa ndiwo zamasamba zokoma akhoza kukhala zosiyanasiyana kwambiri mbale kukonzekera yozizira, ndipo ngakhale kuphika kupanikizana.