Trans-Baikal National Park. m'madera mwapadera kutetezedwa

Zabaikal'skii State National Park - ngale woona wa Buryatia. Wapadera mitunda wa kugombe la kum'mawa la nyanja ya Baikal wapatali zachilengedwe maofesi, kuteteza amene anali kuopsezedwa, achititsa kuti boma la RSFSR mu 1986 kukhazikitsa lamulo pa kukhazikitsidwa m'dera la paki, ndilo kukuteteza boma.

Apa ndi paradaiso nyama oposa 44 mitundu ya nyama, 50 - inakhala, mitundu 241 ya mbalame, mitundu 3 zapoizoni ndipo achule komanso. oimira ambiri a zinyama za m'gulu la Red Book of Russia.

The National Park ndi mbali ya zovuta yaikulu ya kumpoto zokopa m'chipinda chotetezeka ndi kukongola zachilengedwe otchedwa Zapovednoe Podlemorye. Amakhala m'mapaki awiri zambiri - Frolihinsky malo ndi Barguzin Reserve. atatu m'madera onse kutetezedwa ndi mbali ya chinthu "Nyanja Baikal" imene ili pansi UNESCO chitetezo.

Features wa paki

Dera Malo otetezedwa chimakwirira maphunziro, apakatikati, ndi Svyatonossky Barguzinsky zosiyanasiyana ndipo ali okwana mahekitala 269.000. mahekitala 37,000 - ndi malo madzi a m'nyanja ya Baikal, kuya madzi oyera nyanza ya dziko.

Ambiri mwa malo a zovuta ali wotanganidwa ndi phiri otsetsereka, yokutidwa ndi m'nkhalango wochuluka Otsutsa, nyenyezi yaing'ono paini, larch, paini ndi mkungudza nayonso.

Amodzi mwa malo okongola kwambiri akuganiza Mphuno Woyera Peninsula: Chivyrkuisky Korinto zikugwirizana kuti gombe kum'mawa kwa nyanja ya Baikal. Pamwamba pa maphunziro mapiri, ndi malire m'madzi pakati mabeseni kumpoto ndi kum'mwera kwa Baikal beseni umaimiridwa ndi ang'ono ndi lalikulu zilumba Ushkany Ushkani chilumba.

mapangidwe uyu dzina lake la zilumba zilumba Ushkaniye.

Chivyrkuisky Bay

Trans-Baikal National Park ndi wotchuka kwa rookery yaikulu pa Baikal madzi oyera chisindikizo - chisindikizo. Ndi kuderako ndi nyanja ya Baikal ndi nthumwi yekha wa pinnipeds detachment. Ambiri a zisindikizo amapezeka pa zilumba Ushkaniye, kumene chiwerengero chawo zina ukufika 2500 - 3000 anthu. Mu autumn, namondwe, sindikiza (kawirikawiri pakati akazi) chimachititsanso mu Chivyrkuisky Bay. Komabe, izi si malo a kumpanda chisanu: kulandira mankhwala ndi zina, zisindikizo kachiwiri anasamutsa mu madzi lotseguka, monga Bay aphimbidwa ndi ayezi.

Bay anatchuka chifukwa akasupe ake ikukhudzana anthu otchuka kwambiri omwe - kites. Iwo alitcha dzina kuchuluka njoka mwachizolowezi, okhala Arangatuyskih m'madambo. Madzi kutentha mu gwero ukufika + nthawizina 50-60 madigiri. Ndi otchuka pakati alendo a paki ndi mchere akasupe ndi Nechaevsky Culina chithaphwi.

Gulf gombe Chivyrkuy kudula kwambiri mpaka, madzi kusema m'dziko la makilomita 25. Mbali imeneyi kwachititsa chakuti onse pamodzi dziwe ang'onoang'ono chobisa mphepo mchenga Bay kuti akuya mamita asanu. Chimodzi mwa chidwi kwambiri - Ongokonskaya Bay.

Zisanu kuyenda kudutsa kulola alendo timudziwe bwino okhala Malo otetezedwa, kukongola ndi mitunda zokongola. Ku chimbuzi cha paki - Mountain Markovo, yomwe ili pa chilumba cha St. mphuno, zabwino view m'deralo.

Chilumbacho paki

Buryatia Nature ndi osiyanasiyana ndi wokongola kwambiri aliyense maonekedwe ake. Choncho, kupanga sitima pa Chivyrkuisky Bay, mungasangalale zilumba zimenezi, magombe phompho amene akhala pothawirapo ambiri bluish ndi hering'i gulls, lopotana pano zisa zawo.

mbali nyengo ya paki

paki lili kum'mawa srednebaykalskom nyengo dera, amene amakhala ndi nyengo chokhala ndi ofunda yotentha ndi zina yaitali yozizira. Mmene nyanja kumafeŵetsa nyengo m'dera la m'mphepete mwa nyanja zosungika nthambi. Kutentha pafupifupi m'nyengo yozizira -19 digiri Celsius, madigiri 14 m'chilimwe. Kutentha madzi mu nyanja sasefukira pamwamba madigiri 14 ngakhale pa masiku yotentha.

chuma madzi otetezedwa

Trans-Baikal National Park wolemera ka madzi. Apa izo zikuchitika mitsinje ambiri yaing'ono, lomwe ndi Grand Chivyrkuy, Small ndi Big Cheremshana. Pools mitsinje awa chatsekedwa, kotero iwo anyamula madzi m'nyanja. Palinso nyanja: waukulu wa iwo - Arangatuy ndi Small Arangatuy, yomwe ili pa Korinto Chivyrkuy ndi olumikizidwa kwa Gulf. Bormashovoe nyanja zing'onozing'ono ndipo amadziwika madzi ake mchere.

Nkhani ina paki ndi kukhalapo kwa karst nyanja - zichuluka koposa makumi awiri.

Flora wa Trans-Baikal National Park

Trans-Baikal Gawo ili mu zone ya nkhalango nayonso, lomwe likukhudza Kapangidwe ka zomera pachikuto cha m'dera. Ndi chifukwa ofukula zonation Zabaykalskie phiri. Katawala makamaka zigwirizana mitengo coniferous: larch Gmelina, Siberia Oil, paini, mkungudza ndi paini zokwawa.

Mbali zochepa wotanganidwa ndi nkhalango mitundu ankaimira makamaka mwala ndi broadleaf birch ndi Aspen.

Trans-Baikal National Park amakhala ndi kugawa yachilendo nkhalango phiri nayonso poyerekeza ndi malo awo mu chokhala ndi mapiri Siberia. Choncho, chiwerengero cha paki mkungudza ndi larch mitengo larch ndi ochepa - malo ake chimakwirira 14 mahekitala, ndipo iwo ali Marin amalimidwa mtsinje, pamene mu nkhalango zina Siberia mitengo amenewa akuimira mu ambiri.

Endemics ndi maulaliki

The zomera ndi osiyanasiyana anateteza malo ambiri zomera ndi kuderako ndi relict. The lofunika kwambiri kwa iwo anakakhala ku mapiri ndi zilumba Ushkaniye Woyera Mphuno.

Zikuphatikizapo chosenia, madera, nyenyezi yaing'ono paini ndi nyenyezi yaing'ono birch, Borodin Teeling.

The zosiyanasiyana zinyama

A kunyumba kwenikweni kwa sables, mimbulu, wolverines, zimbalangondo, nkhandwe, agologolo, mbawala, zofiirira chimbalangondo, voles wofiira, grouse, kedrovok, musk nswala, wakuda chili pamwamba marmot, ndi nthumwi zina zambiri zomera anakhala Trans-Baikal National Park. Nyama pano otetezeka.

Mwa oimira achule, mitundu osowa - Siberia ndi moor achule. mitundu isanu zapoizoni zimapezekanso pano monga njoka wamba, buluzi mchenga, mphiri njoka ndi buluzi viviparous.

Pakati pa mbalame monga amangokhala, ndi yosokera, mungapeze woyera ndi wachikasu wagtails, burogolovyh gaichek, moskovok, Dubrovnik, nuthatches, kedrovok, lapwings, snipe, terriers, terns wamba, hering'i gulls ndi mew. Nthawi zina pabwalopo munakwanisa kuona dokowe wakuda (amene kukaikira mazira malo akhala chinsinsi), ziwombankhanga, woyera-tailed mphungu, peregrine kabawi ndi osprey.

Wina mbalame kawirikawiri mbisoweka zochokera kugombe la nyanja ya Baikal ochepa miyoyo Chivyrkuy Bay ndi chiswankhono.

mitundu ya mbalame zisa zawo m'madambo a, saona anthu ndipo zili makamaka pa Chivyrkuy Korinto. Apa palinso wamng'ono kusandulika zachilengedwe za dziko - Arangatuyskie dambo anthu mbawala, grouse, muskrat.

Ochuluka kuposa ndi gulu la waterfowl anapereka Mallard wamba, strut, pintail, Whooper tsekwe, Tilu ndi Pochard.

Pali paki ndi akadzidzi amakhala m'mapanga Mbalame: opindika m'makona ndi mantchichi, Ural kadzidzi, ndipo kadzidzi ndi kadzidzi achisanu - ndi alendo chosowa kwambiri, kunachitika okha m'nyengo yozizira, kapena malo kumene munthu osowa wapita patsogolo.

Parks National wa Buryatia, kuphatikizapo Trans-Baikal National Park, olemera ndi akuluakulu osiyanasiyana pa dziko lonse m'madzi. Choncho, mu malo a anakumana nsomba, ide, Grayling, dace, burbot, Cisco, Baikal Nsombazi, Pike, roach ndi mitundu kuderako - yaing'ono kansomba.

Trans-Baikal National Park: bwanji kuti

The pafupi ndi malo paki anthu kuli mudzi wa Ayenela-Barguzin.

Mukhoza pano ndi dziko kapena madzi njira. Njira mulingo woyenera ndi dziko - utumiki zoyendera payekha, amene achoka ku Irkutsk m'mphepete mwa nyanja Baikal. Ku likulu la Republic of Buryatia - Ulan-Ude - mungathe kufika paki patakisi kapena basi.

Distance kusungitsa ndi za 275 Km ndi ulendo limatenga 5-6 maola.

Kumbukirani kuti mbali yaikulu ya njira limayenda pamodzi ndi miyala msewu. Kwa anthu amene amakonda njira madzi Port Baikal, komanso ndi kuthetsa Khuzhir, Nizhneangarsk ndipo anatumiza Listvyanka flights payekha.

Pambuyo kuyendera paki, simudzaupeputsa kwa mphindi bondo, chifukwa si chizindikiro cha Nyanja ya Baikal, komanso malo a zodabwitsa zachilengedwe kwakukulu mu Trans-Baikal Gawo!