Ural Reserve South (chithunzi)

South Ural Reserve - ndi malo omwe ali ofunika kukacheza kwa aliyense amene ali ndi chidwi mwakhama Russia zinthu wapadera. Ndipo kutero Ndi bwino osati kwa alendo ochokera pafupi ndi kutali kudziko lina, komanso okhala m'dziko lathu. Chifukwa chiyani? Chinthu ndi chakuti nthawi zina, wobadwa kapena kukhala pafupi malo zidzasintha, ife sanapeze nthawi woyanjana nawo pafupi.

The South Ural Reserve ndi kupita pa nthawi iliyonse pachaka. Nthawi iliyonse ndiwokongola ndi wapadera njira zawo. Pa kasupe zabwino, chilimwe ndi autumn masiku kuno mukhoza kumasuka pakati pa mitengo ndi udzu, kupuma mpweya wabwino, kusonkhanitsa, malingana ndi nyengo, maluwa, zipatso kapena bowa. Koma m'nyengo yozizira ya South Ural State Nature Reserve kwasanduka paradaiso okonda kutsetsereka, kusewera snowballs kapena khungu snowman yaikulu.

Nkhaniyi Cholinga kukuuzani malo wosangalatsa, Chilwa m'dera la dziko lathu. South Ural Reserve kwenikweni ali mbiri amakonda tchuthi malo a anthu am'deralo. Koma ochokera kunja, mwatsoka, pali ambiri, koma iwo amene ali wapeza kudzacheza kuno, monga ulamuliro, kutenga kunyumba zawo osati zithunzi zokongola, komanso kukumbukira kwambiri.

malo abwino

South Ural Reserve, amene zithunzi angapezeke pafupifupi lopangira anadzipereka kukongola kwa dziko lathu, onse ili pa dera la Republic of Bashkortostan (90% mu Beloretsk m'dera) ndi kudera Chelyabinsk.

Zodabwitsa ndizakuti, tisaiwale kuti Katav-Ivanovo chigawo malo ndi malo pa 24 chikwi. Ha, m'chigawo Chelyabinsk., Ili kwambiri lamapiri kwabasi Malo Urals Kumwera.

Mapiri, zinatenga paki zachilengedwe

South Ural State Reserve lili zovuta kwambiri ndipo nthawi yomweyo mbali pamwamba pa Urals Kumwera. Zitunda Mashakah, Nara Zigalga, ndi Kumardak Yamantau osiyanasiyana mawonekedwe phiri mfundo apamwamba ndi chizindikiro apamwamba mu mamita 1639 pamwamba pa nyanja. unyolo Western osonyeza nsonga za thupi dongosolo lonse kuuma otentha (panyengo, Round, Sall, placer).

Zovuta unyolo mawonekedwe monga lokwera ndipo Mashakah Yamantau zosiyanasiyana.

Mitsinje ndi machitidwe madzi

malo ndi mbali ya dongosolo mtsinje m'chigawo okulira. White. madzi onse pano akhoza zimachitika m'gulu la mitsinje yaing'ono, chifukwa kutalika ndi zosakwana 100 Km. Yaikulu amaonedwa Small ndi Large Inzer, Tyulmen, Yuryuzan ndi kufuula.

Komanso, pali 13 mitsinje mu 10-19 Km yaitali. Chiwerengero cha zinkapezeka m'madzi ang'ono ndi mitsinje kufika yochititsa zidutswa 300.

Ambiri mwa mitsinje zonse loyenda wa malo, ndi mlingo wapamwamba wa gawo ali ndi kuda beseni. Tyulmen. Chilimwe-yophukira otsika madzi chikuchitika mu June ndi October, koma nthawi zonse mawu madzi osefukira mvula.

Atapanga mtsinje mu malo, monga ulamuliro, pa chiyambi cha November. Yozizira zambiri amalimbikira mpaka khumi lachiwiri la April.

Koma zochepa za madzi chili mu August.

Mbiri ya chilengedwe cha m'dera limeneli

Mpaka chapakati pa zaka za m'ma XVIII. gawo limene lero South Ural Reserve, ankaona kuti bwino anakamba.

Mwachitsanzo, kuyang'ana pa buku mbiri dera, mukhoza kuona kuti 1795 apo zinamangidwa atatu chabe m'midzi - Berdagulovo, Aripkulovo ndi Ilmyashevo.

Anthu kuno mu XVIII-XIX Art. makamaka zikugwira pastoralists theka-wosamukasamuka, nthawi zina apiculture. Zodabwitsa ndizakuti, tisaiwale kuti mpaka mu malo osungidwa mtengo mitengo dzenje.

M'zaka za m'ma XVIII. Iwo anayamba otchedwa phiri fakitale siteji ya chitukuko ya Urals Kumwera: zomera chitsulo yadothi zamangidwa mopitirira malire a malo a. Anayamba zikuluzikulu, nthawi zina mosasamala, ndipo kudula mitengo Choncho zowononga. Yomanga The ng'anjo makala amafuna ndalama yaikulu chuma. Komanso chitukuko cha chitsulo madipoziti miyala zinachitikadi m'dera limeneli.

Mu 1924, mwamwayi chilengedwe, zomera anaimitsidwa, ndiye anatseka, ndi chitukuko anali makampani nkhalango.

Flora la South Ural Reserve

Pakali pano, ku dera la paki zachilengedwe ndi 698 mitundu ya zomera apamwamba, 121 maganizo bowa, zambiri Moss, nthaka algae, lichens.

Tikumbukenso kuti ambiri a iwo kutchulidwa Red Book of Russia, ndi 57 mitundu ndi zotsalira woona wa m'mbuyomu nyengo miyala.

Scaffold mu malo 90% ya m'dera utaphimbidwa, mitundu mtengo chinsinsi softwood (4 mitundu) ndi mitengo deciduous (10 mitundu).

32% ya malo otetezedwa ndi wotanganidwa ndi nkhalango coniferous spruce-Oil, kumene kuli makamaka wamba Oil ndi Siberia spruce. nkhalango Coniferous anapanga, monga ulamuliro, Chi paini ndi ili kum'mwera kwa malo, ndi iwo amene, mwatsoka, anavutika chifukwa kwambiri kudula mitengo oletsedwa.

Zimapezeka malo ndi magulu ang'ono ndi predominance wa imvi alder, linden serdtselistnoy, English thundu, mapulo, birch ndi fluffy kumulowetsa, msondodzi osiyana, mbalame chitumbuwa.

South Ural Reserve. Nyama ndi mbalame

otetezedwa ndi kunyumba kwa mitundu 50 ya nyama, 260 - peresenti, 20 - nsomba, 189 -ptits, ndi mitundu 5 zapoizoni ndipo achule.

The zomera zolengedwa zoyamwitsa makamaka umaimiridwa ndi anthu nkhalango, koma pali mitundu iwiri ndinazoloŵera - ndi mink American ndi muskrat.

Ungulates mbawala makamaka wamba. chiwerengero cha nyama ndi anthu 400-700 yekha, amene si monga mmene zingaoneke koyamba.

Nthawi, kuyenda njira nkhalango ndi kapinga, mukhoza inadza gwape ndi Boar zakutchire. Zonse South Ural malo amakhala mitundu 13 ya nyama zolusa, kuphatikizapo bulauni chimbalangondo, mizati, nkhandwe, nkhandwe, amphaka, marten, weasel, ermine ndi ena.

Palinso anazimiririka ku mabwalo mtsinje otter. okhala bwino ndi zachilendo kwa Natural Park tinganene kuti ngati katumbu ndi kalulu.

Mwa dera la malo ndi nyumba mitundu 19 makoswe, amene ambiri gologolo, gologolo, Beaver, mbewa ndi voles. A mitundu chosowa kwambiri - mwina gologolo chakuwuluka. Insectivores pano mitundu eyiti, zambiri European Hedgehog ndi Mfuko, shrew, ndi ena.

Pakali pano, ndendende 189 mitundu ya mbalame amakhala m'dera limeneli. Mwa njira, 11 pa akhala m'gulu pangozi m'dziko kwathu: peregrine kabawi, wakuda dokowe, golide mphungu, tsekwe Red-, njoka mphungu, wamkulu wamawangamawanga mphungu, woyera-tailed mphungu, mphungu, kabawi, Oystercatcher, shrike.

Mbalame zinyama Amakhala makamaka wa mbalame nkhalango, ndi grouse ambiri ndi capercaillie.

ndi udindo zoteteza zachilengedwe malo Kodi

Funso lofunika kuliganizira wapadera, kotero nzeru kupereka yankho mwatsatanetsatane. kufunika kwa malowo ndi chiyani, ngati, ndithudi, kumeneko?

Mfundo lonse kuti South-Ural Russian achilengedwe otetezedwa unakhazikitsidwa kuti maofesi wapadera achilengedwe a Urals Kumwera zisungidwe achilengedwe, mtundu wapachiyambi. Izi mwanaalirenji nkhalango makamaka spruce-Oil. Kawirikawiri mitundu ya zomera m'deralo, zinyama, madambo zachilengedwe, mbewu m'madera ya m'mapiri - zonse zimene ziyenera mibadwo ya m'tsogolo ndi zabwino dziko lathu.

mfundo zosangalatsa

Kuyankhula za paki zachilengedwezi, osanenapo angapo a deta chidwi kwambiri.

Mwachitsanzo, osati aliyense amadziwa kwambiri kuti okwana malo kutalika ndi 270 Km. Kudera limeneli kwenikweni chachikulu, ngakhale mu Russian Federation lonse.

Dera la kumadzulo kwa malo a - banki lamanja la mtsinje. Yamashta, p. Tyulmen ndi malo otsetsereka a kum'mawa kwa otchedwa mapiri youma. cordon kumpoto komanso chikugwirizana ndi malire a Republic, ndilo 40 Km.

malo ili mu gawo pamwamba pa Urals kum'mwera. Pano, pa m'gawo lake, anali kamodzi zochokera m'midzi wapadera kwa anthu anazunzidwa ndi msasa internment kwa Germany.