Wambiri Yuriya Dolgorukogo. Ukulu ndi ulamuliro

A mbeu oyenera kwambiri Vladimir Monomakh, chiwiri mwana wake - Yuri Dolgoruky - analowa mbiri Russian osati monga Grand Prince wa Kiev ndi gawo la Rostov-Suzdal, woyambitsa wa Moscow. Iye anasiya chikumbukiro ngati munthu wofuna, amphamvu, ndingokupemphererani cholinga. Osokoneza ziyenera a moyo wake ndi ntchito Komabe, monga choncho, ndi pa zochita ndi zosankha ambiri ankhondo aakulu a nthawi zakale. N. M. Karamzin ananena za iye monga munthu, poona kusintha kwa expanses kum'mawa kwa Russia wakale: maziko a mizinda ndi midzi, kumanga misewu ndi mipingo, kufalikira kwa Chikhristu. Iye ananena kuti, ali ndi khalidwe mwakhama ndi zosiyana amatikonda Dolgoruky osati kuima pa mwambo ndi adani ndi olemekezeka wopanduka, mumapezera ntchito kuwatsutsa.

Kubadwa kwa kalonga

Wambiri Yuriya Dolgorukogo ndithu anangotengeka, monga mfundo zambiri pa moyo wa kalonga kulota azambiriyakale, kuyerekezera zochepa mbiri umboni. Siinafike ife mudziwe yeniyeni pa tsiku la kubadwa kwake, zinthu zosiyanasiyana kupereka kanjedza osiyana, ndi kusanthula, tingakhale motsimikiza yekha kuti iye anabadwa mu nthawi kuchokera 1090 mpaka chaka 1097-TH. Pakuti dongosolo la zochitika izi, ife sindikudziwa wa akazi a Monomakh (woyamba kapena wachiwiri) anali mayi wa George. Ndipo tiyeni kuganizira mfundo imeneyi. Chinthu chachikulu ndi munthu uyu wachita kwambiri zinthu zazikulu.

Kulimbikitsa North-East Russian m'mayiko

Nawo wotchuka ndi wopambana imene ikuchitika 1111 motsutsa Polovtsy mu zikuchokera ankhondo a akalonga Russian anali chigonjetso loyamba Yuri: mwana wa Polovtsian Khan anakhala mkazi wake woyamba. Prince Yuri Dolgoruky, amene yonena limasonyeza kuti iye sakanakhoza tizidalira cholowa la mpando wachifumu Kiev, kukhala mmodzi wa ana aang'ono a Monomakh, ndi 1113 kukhala kazembe yeniyeni ya Rostov-Suzdal ukulu, pafupifupi mzinda wa Russia pakati pa Oka ndi Volga. Iye amachita kwenikweni ndi kusintha ndi kulimbitsa dziko lino, kumanga mizinda ndi akachisi. Yuri Dolgoruky anali kalonga loyamba la chigamulo m'mayiko zopatsidwa kwa iye kwa zaka zoposa makumi anayi. Kulimbikitsa a dziko Rostov-Suzdal ndi malire ake kulembetsa Yury Dolgoruky (ulamuliro zinachititsa kuti chilengedwe cha North-East Russia mizinda yokhala ndi mipanda) kukhala wamphamvu zake ndi udindo.

Kulimbikitsa of Christianity

Kulera mzinda, kalonga sanaiwale za kufala kwa Orthodox chikhulupiriro cha Chikhristu, akuika akachisi zazikulu. Kufikira tsopano, ndi ulemu monga anayambitsa mipingo yambiri ndi mchitidwe umenewu, monga St. George amonke Vladimir pa-Klyazma, Borisoglebskii - pa Mtsinje Nerl Mpingo wa Lady wathu Suzdal, Mpingo wa St. George mu Vladimir ndi St. George, Mpingo wa Mpulumutsi Pereslavl-Zalessky ndi Suzdal.

Mafilimu ndi chigonjetso

Mu 1120 pa behest wa bambo ake, Yuri Dolgoruky anatsogolera kampeni bwino pamodzi ndi Polovtsy - Turkic wongosamukasamuka - motsutsa Volga Bulgars amene anali m'mayiko a makono Tatarstan, Chuvashia, Samara ndi Penza zigawo. Wambiri Yuriya Dolgorukogo sanaledzere kuwina nkhondo - sanali kumenyana, koma, okhala mtima wopandamalire ndi luso la mkulu wa asilikaliwo, wagwiritsa ntchito makhalidwe amenewa kukwaniritsa zolinga zawo. Mwina, iye anali mwamuna mwachilungamo ophunzira akumvetsa kufunika kugwirizana kwa mayiko Russian. Iye anakhala nawo ndondomeko, kulimbikitsa kumpoto cha kum'mawa kwa Russia. Ndi 1125 likulu la dziko m'malo Rostov amakhala Suzdal. Ukulu anadziwika dziko Rostov-Suzdal.

Prince zolinga

Kulimbikitsa pamalo ake kumpoto kwa Russia, Prince Yury Dolgoruky ndi odzipereka kwa umwini kum'mwera mu kufikako Kiev, kumene "ndi mfundo zazikulu." Ndi chifukwa olemba ichi ntchito otchedwa Yuri Dolgoruky. Atamwalira Vladimira Monomaha mu Kiev mu 1125 mpando wachifumu, anatengera mwana wake wamkulu Mstislav, ndiye (pambuyo pa imfa yake mu 1139) - Jaropolk Putin, posachedwapa cede mphamvu Vyacheslav Vladimirovich - mwana chimodzi cha Monomakh.

Kalonga ndewu zinali ponseponse, ndi kulimbana ndi mphamvu nthawi zonse kukhala mwankhanza koposa ndi oipa. Mu nthawi kuchokera 1146 mpaka chaka 1154-TH, Prince Yury Dolgoruky kuyesa mphamvu Kiev. Ichi chimakhala cholinga chachikulu cha moyo wake. Nthawi imeneyi, kawiri kuwina pa mpando wachifumu ku nephews wake - ana a Mstislav, koma angathe kuzigwira izo. Kulowa wachifumu Kiev, iye amalowerera March 20, 1155 pa lamanja la cholowa pambuyo pa imfa ya m'bale wake ndi mwana chimodzi cha Monomakh - Vyacheslav Vladimirovich. Mwachidule ulamuliro wa Yuri mu Golden Chipata sanali bata, mbwenye Iye afa May 15, 1157, anazindikira loto lake pokhala Grand Prince wa Kiev.

Moscow m'munsi

Kutchula koyamba za Moscow mu mbiri yakale pachibwenzi 1147. Wambiri Yuriya Dolgorukogo ndi umboni amafotokoza pa nthawi amanena kuti pomanga mzinda inayamba msonkhano ndi Prince Svyatoslavom Olgovichem mu msasawu kakang'ono pa Moscow Mtsinje. Kutchula koyamba za Moscow anali ankamuona ngati tsiku la maziko ake. Yuri Dolgoruky wayesetsa kutsatira chitukuko cha mzindawo 1156 ndi dongosolo lake likulu tsogolo analimbikitsidwa ndi chemba ndi watsopano makoma matabwa. Pa nthawi yomweyo anayamba ntchito yomanga Kremlin matabwa.

Akazi ndi ana

Wambiri Yuriya Dolgorukogo anatchula mabanja awiri Prince. mkazi woyamba anali Polovchanka, dzina sichinayambe anasunga mu mbiri, dzina wachiwiri anali Olga. maukwati amenewa anabweretsa Yuri ana khumi ndi aakazi awiri. Mwatsoka, zochitika silili chilichonse bwino ndi banja la kalonga. Si bwino, ndipo dzina lotsiriza la mwana wamkazi wa wolamulirayo.

Yuriya Dolgorukogo khalidwe la olemba akale unflattering ndithu: osatchuka kwambiri pakati pa anthu a Kiev chinathandiza chikhalidwe katundu wa kalonga, kuchenjera kwake ndi pothana kukwaniritsa zolinga zawo. Mwina anali chifukwa cha imfa yake. Mbiri sanakanepo kuthekera poizoni, Yuri. Komabe, ngakhale zotsutsana onse a chikhalidwe amphamvu, wopezeka mfundo: Yuri Dolgoruky, kanthawi mbiri yomwe limatsindika kuchititsa ndondomeko amphamvu kwambiri kulimbitsa ndi umodzi wa Russia monga boma lalikulu.