Wapadera ndi wapadera chikhalidwe cha Russia

Aliyense amene kamodzi pa moyo mwayi kukhala m'dziko lino, mu gawo lirilonse, amagwirizana ndi zoona kuti chikhalidwe cha Russia n'zosadabwitsa kokha, koma malo ena ndi wapadera kwambiri. Chifukwa ife akutenga monga maziko maganizo a alendo a mkhalidwe wathu, osati ku Russia? Yankho ndi sizivuta kuposa Zingaoneke koyamba. Chinthu n'chakuti, popeza wabadwa, ndikuti, Siberia ndi Kamchatka, ife nthawizina samapereka tcheru kuti kukongola m'deralo, kuvomereza ngati chinthu chopepuka. Ndipo chabe ...

Ambiri, tisaiwale kuti m'dera la dziko lathu ndi yaikulu kwambiri, n'zosadabwitsa kuti nyama ndi zomera za m'dera lomwelo pa nthawi zimasiyana kwambiri ndi nyama ndi zomera za m'dera loyandikana. Mwachitsanzo, chikhalidwe cha ku Russia n'chosiyana kwambiri kumpoto, kapena, kuti, m'madera kum'mwera.

Nkhaniyi Cholinga kuuza mwatsatanetsatane mmene angathe zokhudza makhalidwe a m'madera osiyana a dziko lathu. Russia Nature kuonekera kwa wowerenga zonse mitundu yake, mithunzi ndi yofanana.

State kozizira chipululu

Russian Arctic m'zipululu ndi ziwalo khalidwe monga ndalama yaikulu ayezi ndi chisanu, komanso lalikulu pafupifupi mpweya chinyezi ndi 85%.

Mu zoni kozizira chipululu ndi Chatsopano Siberia Islands, Chatsopano ndi Severnaya Zemlya ndi Franz Josef Land. N'zosadabwitsa, koma khalidwe la Russia m'dera izi kuti pali pafupifupi palibe m'madambo, nyanja ndi dothi ali kumalo ozizira chipululu ndi saline dothi ndi okhutira otsika humus.

The zomera chivundikiro ali ochepa ndipo m'malo osauka. Nthawi zambiri pali kukakomana ndi ndere, lichens ndi algae. Komanso kuti saxifrage akumpotowa poppy, dzinthu, ayezi Buttercup, Chickweed, msondodzi kumalo ozizira, kozizira bluegrass pickerel komanso si kophweka.

Zinyama ndi osauka mitundu. Monga ulamuliro, wotchuka kwambiri pakati pa anthu akhoza kutchedwa kadzidzi achisanu, lemmings akumpotowa nkhandweyo, mphalapala, chimbalangondo kumalo ozizira ndi ptarmigan.

Koma pa gombe lamiyala mutha kuona seabirds ambiri kukaikira mazira.

Masiku ano, asayansi ambiri akugwira ntchito pa funso mmene kuteteza zachilengedwe la Russia mderali. Ndiponso tisaiwale kuti ziyenera kuchitika posachedwapa, mwinamwake inu mukhoza kalekale kutaya mitundu yonse ya zomera wapadera ndi nyama.

Nchiyani, Titafika pamalo?

zone Titafika pamalo ili makamaka m'mphepete mwa nyanja nyanja Arctic. Ndi gawo la mphepo yamphamvu, ozizira, tsiku kumalo ozizira ndi usiku, ndi mtambo waukulu.

Apa ndi nkhanza yaitali yozizira (miyezi 8-9), koma m'chilimwe - yochepa ndi kuzizira. Nthawi zambiri kuti kutentha ndi mu Asian Titafika pamalo kuchitiridwa ngakhale 52 ° C. 70% a gawo lonse la Titafika pamalo madzi. Izi zinachitika chifukwa cha zonse yaitali yozizira koopsa kwa nthaka.

Pa gombe mungapeze mnyamata lathyathyathya mtunda kum'mwera kwa pali mapiri mtunda, zitunda ndi mapiri a chiyambi glacial. dziko lapansili ndi pafupifupi kwathunthu Titafika pamalo lili ndi nyanja osaya.

Koma zomera la chake m'munsi mawonekedwe lichens, ndere, ndipo zosiyanasiyana otsika-kukula zomera (udzu, zitsamba, zitsamba). Mitundu zotsatirazi makamaka wamba: nyenyezi yaing'ono birch, msondodzi, alder, sedge, cranberries.

Ambiri, tiona kuti Titafika pamalo lagawidwa atatu otchedwa boma mabacteria: kozizira, ndere, Moss, kum'mwera chitsamba chilichonse.

mbali khalidwe la nkhalango-Titafika pamalo

Titafika pamalo ndi zone kumene Titafika pamalo pang'onopang'ono ayamba kusamukira ku nkhuni. Pa nthawi imeneyi, chikhalidwe cha Russia, zintchito za dera pa nthawi yomweyo n'chofunikira kwambiri, ndi osiyanasiyana ndithu. paradaiso khalidwe - otchedwa chilumba nkhalango ochepa ili okulira ndi wopangidwa makamaka a ku Siberia spruce, larch ndi birch.

Izi sparseness nkhalango zomveka nkhanza zinthu nyengo, ngakhale kuno m'chilimwe ndi wotentha kwambiri kuposa Titafika pamalo, ndi liwiro mphepo kwambiri m'munsi.

Mbali ina ya nkhalango-Titafika pamalo imatengedwa kuti ambiri sphagnum peat bogs.

About 9 miyezi malowa ali ndi chipale chofewa. Chilimwe mtsinje chigwa otsetsereka okutidwa pano variegated ndi meadows zokongola. Kulikonse kukula buttercup, valerian ndi mabulosi. Mwa njira, madambo m'dera kutumikira monga ziweto zazikulu kwa mphalapala. Komanso chikhalidwe cha Russia m'dera m'dera amati ndi malo kwambiri nyama zambiri (zambiri nkhandwe ndi lemmings) ndi mbalame.

Apa munthu mosavuta kupeza zosiyanasiyana waterfowl: atsekwe, abakha ndi swans. Koma m'nyengo yozizira mbalame akadali ndi ochepa - chabe kadzidzi woyera ndi ptarmigan.

chosefukira nayonso

nayonso woyendera nthambi mu Russia akuchita m'dera waukulu pakati otsala malo achilengedwe. Iwo umachokera ku malire a kumadzulo a Russia ku nyanja ya Japan. Mwachirengedwe ili mu nayonso subarctic, ndi zone Nyengo.

Apa ndi pamene mitsinje ambiri ochokera Russia, mwachitsanzo, Volga, Vyatka, Onega, Kama, Lena, Vasyugan, Puri Taz, Viluy ndi ena.

Pakuti zone imeneyi amakhala ndi kukhalapo kwa madambo ambiri, pansi, nyanja, Madamu lalikulu. Mtundu waukulu wa zomera za m'nkhalango nayonso monga coniferous kuwala ndi coniferous. Mozungulira zilamulire monga larch, monga angapo ang'onoang'ono a paini, spruce, Oil ndi mkungudza mitengo.

Mwa nkhalango chiwerengero chokwanira ndi ili meadows ndi zithaphwi zosiyanasiyana.

Inu kwenikweni chidwi zinyama Russia? Siberia - izi ndi malo, kumene kuli koyenera kupita. The zomera wakufayo kwambiri. zomera watanthauzo kum'mawa nayonso, kumene mukhoza kuona grouse, sable, mwala nkhuni grouse, waterfowl, zofiirira chimbalangondo, wolverine, gologolo, amphaka, mbawala ndi kalulu.

Mwatsoka, lero pali kudula mitengo yogwira m'deralo. Kodi kupulumutsa chikhalidwe cha Russia imeneyi amakhalabe pafupifupi sanathetsedwe chinsinsi.

Ndi kusakaniza nkhalango deciduous a dziko

Woyendera nthambi ya nkhalango wosanganiza ndi deciduous poyerekeza ndi nayonso ndi wotentha kwambiri, wetter. Apa yaitali ofunda m'chilimwe ndi nyengo si wankhanza kwambiri, kuti, mwa njira, amakonda zikamera wa nambala lalikulu la mitengo ikuluikulu-Ndalankhula.

Onani kuti apa mtsinje akuchuluka mu madzi, choncho, dothi madzi ndi otsika. Ambiri, malowa amakhala ndi sod-podzolic ndi nthaka bulauni nkhalango, wolemera mu mchere.

Nthawi zambiri nkhalango ndi thundu, spruce, mapulo, basswood, paini, phulusa, otuwira, paini Korea, birch, Aspen ndi zitsamba.

Nature chapakati Russia ndi wopatsa kwambiri ndi anthu ake. Pakali pano, pali zimapezeka nyama zikuluzikulu monga njati, mbawala, nkhandwe, Boar zakutchire, nkhandwe, marten, loir ndi muskrat. Mwa mbalame Tingaone oriole, Dubonosov, tamarind ndi ena.

Mwatsoka, pali mitundu ya zomera ndi nyama zimene zimakhala mu East Asia, ndi osokonezeka nkhalango deciduous ndi zochepa kwambiri, ngati kutha. Mwachitsanzo, mu zakutchire kuli kovuta kuti akakomane sika gwape ndi Amur nyalugwe, ndi malo otsetsereka, amayamba sadzapeza zochuluka kuposa ginseng woona.

Russian steppe

Steppe woyendera nthambi ndi mtundu wa kusintha pakati pa nkhalango steppe. Apa mitundu nkhalango yaing'ono-Ndalankhula ndi paini pa imvi dothi taphunzira ndi forb dambo steppes anapanga mwachindunji padziko lapansi wakuda.

chikhalidwe Russian m'dera lagawidwa kumadzulo ndi kum'mawa steppe. Mapiri ndi ku zigwa anasiyanitsidwa ndi zigwembe ambiri ndi gullies.

Apa, kulikonse chimapambana thundu, nthawizina pali mitengo birch, masamba, njere. Taonani kuti nkhalango ndi kunyumba kwa anthu lalikulu, pali akulimidwa lalikulu zedi ndi mbewu luso.

steppe woyendera nthambi

Steppe woyendera nthambi amakhala ndi youma yotentha, chisanu ndi ozizira wodzichepetsa mpweya. Kamodzi mu zaka zitatu kwa nthawi yaitali pa mvula zonse, choncho pakubwera chilala.

Mbali khalidwe ndi pakalibe zone nkhalango steppe. Pamaso yolima m'madera steppe kuno kulikonse anakumana herbaceous zomera ndi predominance za nthenga udzu, bluegrass, fescue, Mapila zakutchire. Tsopano zinthu zasintha ndipo mwatsoka simusonkhanira zabwino.

The dothi kumpoto kwa woyendera nthambi steppe zikusonyeza wakuda lapansi. Apa kulikonse moyo makoswe ndi gophers ambiri, marmots, Mole makoswe, mbewa kumunda, hamsters. Iwo kudya ferrets, nkhandwe, weasels. Mwa mbalame munakwanisa kuona mphungu, larks ndi demoiselle.

Kuti tsiku ndi ambiri katswiri steppe anthu. Salakwa ankaona waukulu ulimi m'deralo.

Zone ya zipululu ndi theka-zipululu

Theka chipululu ndi chipululu kugwira Russia ndithu malo aang'ono kuti ali yekha malire a Caspian maganizo.

Tikumbukenso kuti ndi komwe kuli mlingo wokweretsa wa otchedwa cheza pachaka dzuwa (120 kcal / masentimita ^2).

Dzinja otentha, koma pa nyengo yozizira - ozizira ndi chipale chofewa. Pakuti zone imeneyi amakhala ndi zonal kuwala bulauni nthaka, udzu chowawa zomera, malawi mchere ndi malo theka-atathana mchenga.

Apa chiwerengero chachikulu kukula wheatgrass, fescue, crested, buluu wobiriwira algae, nthenga tsitsi-nyongolotsi, ndi ena.

Mwa nyama pali makoswe ambiri ndipo amaonedwa mbewa yoyenda modumpha ambiri, gerbils, agologolo pansi, ndi kalulu. Komanso, mu chipululu ndi theka chipululu m'dera anthu mimbulu, ankhandwe, ferrets ndi yoongoka.