Wilensky Theotokos: zopemphera?

Pakati pa ambiri mozizwitsa chifaniziro cha Virgin lofunika kwambiri Vilna ndi chithunzi cha mayi wa Mulungu. Iye ali ndi mbiri wolemera kwambiri limene liri yofuna ku nthawi utumwi. Komanso chifukwa cha machiritso ake osiyanasiyana, monga kuthandiza zosiyanasiyana zokhudza anthu. Pakali pano, mndandanda wa chifaniziro chimenechi cha Amayi a Mulungu lili Vilnius, mu Mzimu Woyera ansembe yotchedwa (ndi mafano choyambirira atayika pambuyo zochitika za Civil nkhondo ndi Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yapadziko Lonse).

Bakuman za chiyambi cha chizindikirochi

Vilna ndi chithunzi cha Amayi a Mulungu ali ndi mbiri wapadera chiyambi (komanso anthu ena ambiri onga iye). Akukhulupirira kuti linalembedwa pa nthawi imene dziko lapansi anadza kwa Iisus Hristos pamene iye wamoyo Mayi wa Mulungu. Mu Constantinople, malinga ndi nthano, iye anatuluka Palestine, kumene munthu amasonyeza mwa dzina - ". Yerusalemu" "Tsaregradskaya," kapena

History mafano mu Russia

Zolondola buku la zimene zinali Russia Vilna chizindikiro Amayi a Mulungu, palibe. Pa mmodzi wa iwo, mu Moscow chithunzichi wakale anabwera ndi Sofey Paleolog mu 1472. The kalonga anadzakhala mkazi wa John III. Pali lina lomwe momwe chizindikirochi anali mu Russia. mfumu Greek anatumiza monga mphatso kwa mfumu ya wotchedwa Galicia ndi ukulu Chigalashiya pamene alanda ndi anasamukira ku Moscow kazembeyo.

Chirichonse chimene icho chinali, koma 1495 chizindikiro ichi kudalitsa ukwati wa Mfumukazi Elena, mwana wa Yohane III. Limodzi, anasamukira ku Vilnius, likulu la Lithuania. N'zachidziwikire kuti N'chifukwa chake unatchedwa ndi Vilna. Pamene wolemekezeka anali moyo, fano wakale anali mu zipinda ake.

Atamwalira Elena, koma ichi chachitika mu January 1513, msikiti anaikidwa pa manda ake mu Mfundo Cathedral ku Vilnius (uyu anali chinanena mu chifuniro chake). Icho chinali okhala Lithuania ndi Metropolitan wa Kiev ndi limodzi mwa mabuku akale ndi wakale akachisi ku likulu. Olemba mbiri ena apeza umboni kuti Elena pasadakhale anapereka kachisi fano, osati kuchokera pamene imfa yake, Iye adakhala kumeneko.

Choona chidwi ndi chizindikiro ichi mobwerezabwereza anayesa kupeza Grand Duchy wa Moscow. ambiri msonkho chifukwa akufuna, koma kuukira onse anakanidwa.

Mbiri ya chizindikirochi pa mapangidwe bolodi wa Uniate

Wilensky Theotokos, pambuyo ukulengezedwa ndi Brest Church Union, anagwidwa St. Nicholas Church. Zimenezi zinachitika chifukwa chakuti Cathedral wa Theotokos, kumene fano unakhala Uniate, Orthodox ndi anayesa chikhulupiriro chawo mu zinthu zopatulika. Komabe, mu 1609 anasamukira ku Uniate ndi St. Nicholas mpingo, choncho anaganiza kuti abwerenso Vilna chizindikiro ku tchalitchi.

zochitika wotsatira zinachititsa kuti zimene kunapezeka kuti Vilna chizindikiro Woyera Utatu Church obisika. Pambuyo moto 1610 mu obisika a Prechistensky ndipo anayamba kukonza matauni dipatimenti unasamutsidwa Woyera Utatu Church. Malinga ndi malipoti ena ananena kuti chizindikirochi kamodzi natenga pamodzi nawo, umboni wina amasonyeza kuti chipululutso Prechistenskaya mpingo chithunzi kunditumiza ku Mpingo Utatu. Chirichonse chimene icho chinali, koma 1652 izo kale zalembedwa kutchula chakuti pamaso chizindikiro cha Vilna chinakwaniritsidwa Loweruka lililonse akathist ndi Utatu Church.

M'tsogolo, si monga kuchotsedwa mzinda ndi kachisi pa nkhondo. Mwachitsanzo, mu 1654-1667, motero, pa Polish nkhondo ndi zaka 1700-1721, pa Great kumpoto nkhondo. Nthawi yoyamba kufufuzidwa ndi dongosolo la Moscow Tsar Alexei kubwerera, koma sanapeze izo.

Mu 1707 chizindikirochi inamangidwa kwa Kyoto watsopano (chaka chatha mbisoweka kale mu moto), gilded yake m'zaka zochepa. Kuyesa kusamutsa chifaniziro cha Russian Ufumu zidaleka, popeza simunandikhudze ngakhale pambuyo Vilna linalanda kwa Russia, ndipo pambuyo kulipira ukwati.

Kuyambira pamenepo, iye anali mu kunyumba ino, koma anasamutsidwa pankhondo World Ine, njira yake zina silidziŵika. Mu mpingo wa mu Vilnius ndi buku lenileni la chizindikirochi (komanso, poyamba, zozizwitsa).

Iconography chifaniziro

Kupanga chizindikiro ichi analaswa matabwa anayi - mitengo iwiri Oil ndi awiri yabodza. Malinga ndi mmene kulemba ndi ofanana kwambiri ndi Yerusalemu chizindikiro (mwachionekere, ndi ichi ndi chifukwa chomwe limatchedwa "Yerusalemu"). Palinso kufanana ndi Chijojiya Tikhvin ndi zithunzi.

Chizindikiro cha inu mukhoza kuwona Virgin, atagwira Child pa mkono wake kumanzere. chidendene ace ndipo limayang'ana, dzanja lake lamanzere tikupumula pa maondo ake ndi mpukutu, ndi dzanja lamanja limaukitsidwa mu dalitso.

Ali kumeneko yaitali mu kachisi chizindikiro nsembe atachuluka zipangizo wapatali. Mu 1677, wachithunzi chidakupangitsani anathamangitsa mkanjo siliva. The zovala siliva amayi ndi ana, ziwombankhanga ndi maluwa kuti Buku pa golide. Zimasonyezanso kuti chizindikirochi ndi chapansipansi ofotokozedwa filigree. Pa mutu wa Amayi a Mulungu anali naye Korona wa golidi, mothandizidwa ndi angelo golide, ndi pa korona wa mwanayo anali zamtengo wapatali.

Against maziko a chizindikirochi zambiri mbale siliva, ndi osiyanasiyana zodzikongoletsera wapatali (mikanda, ngale, miyala yamtengo wapatali, golide ndi zodzikongoletsera siliva). Pamene 1866, anapanga kubwezeretsa, kukonza ndi kuyeretsa la fano, kuti mwa zinthu zofunika koposa onse ndi siliva, amene anachotsedwa chizindikirochi, malipiro latsopano linapangidwa, komanso haloes latsopano ndi diamondi ndi diamondi. More zithunzi anaphedwa chimango zamkuwa.

masiku chikondwerero

Pa mwambo wa fano imagwera pa manambala awiri. Tsiku loyamba - ndi February 15, kuti ukwatiwo ndi yotsegula kwa kutengerapo mafano mu Vilna, umene unachitikira mu 1495. A tsiku lachiwiri la chikondwerero - ndi April 14.

Pemphero kuti Icon

bwino kudziwika ndi zozizwitsa Vilna zosiyanasiyana chizindikiro cha Amayi a Mulungu. Kodi kupemphera pamaso pa chithunzi ichi? Bwinobwino zokopa mapemphero ndi pempho kuthetsa kapena kuchiza matenda awo ndiponso zinthu zauzimu. Ndi machiritso awa, nalemekeza fano. Ndicho chimene iwo kunena mu pemphero ndi adiresi Amayi a Mulungu pamaso pa chizindikiro ichi.

Komanso kupempha chitetezo ku masautso osiyanasiyana, kulanditsidwa ku uchimo, kwa adani a chitetezo zosiyanasiyana. Pali pemphero wapadera, mungathe kupeza chizindikiro, koma alibe akathist osiyana, Troparion ndi Kontakion.

Choncho, zochokera kumwamba, Wilensky Theotokos zonse n'kofunika kwambiri chifukwa chikale onse.

Brama chizindikirochi

Komanso Vilnius palibe zochepa akulemekezedwa image, amenenso nthawi zina amasokonezeka ndi pamwamba. Ulinso ndi mbiri olemera ndi wakale koma ndithu, ndi Mabaibulo angapo cha chiyambi chake. Iwo Vilna Chipata cha Dawn mafano, omwe pa nthawiyo ndi mu Lithuania, mu Chapel a Dawn.

Chiyambi cha chizindikiro ichi ndi chidwi kwambiri. Ena amakhulupirira kuti chithunzi ichi anabweretsedwa kuchokera Chersonese (Korsun), kotero zina ndipo limatchedwa "Annunciation wa Korsun." Duke Algirdas anamubweretsa iye kuchokera ku ntchito yapadera motsutsa Chitata ndi mkazi wake Mariya. Komabe, mkazi wake wachiwiri anapereka chizindikiro cha Woyera Utatu obisika.

Malinga ndi nthano chachiwiri, chizindikirochi yekha anaonekera pachilumba cha pachipata mu 1431 ndi chinayi wa April. Koma pali miyambo chachitatu, chimene chizindikiro cha Ioann Paleolog anatumiza Chilituyaniya Prince Olgerd pambuyo Chikristu. Choncho panali kachisi mozizwitsa nthaka Chilituyaniya.

Masiku a zikondwelelo ndi pemphero kwa chizindikirochi

Vilna Chipata cha Dawn chithunzi cha Amayi a Mulungu ali masiku ake a chikondwerero. Nthawi yoyamba chaka chino imagwera pa April 14. Tsiku chikumbukiro atatu Chilituyaniya Ofera. Tsiku lachiwiri la chikumbutso imagwera pa December 26.

Pomaliza

Pomaliza, tikuona kuti chithunzi cha Virgin Vilna, ngati Mercy, nkofunika kwambiri kwa anthu Orthodox. Ngakhale chithunzi yamasika adzalemekezedwa ndi Orthodox ndi Greek Akatolika chifukwa cha zimene zinachitika pa dera la Lithuania. Izi zonse zikusonyeza kuti chikhulupiriro chenicheni alibe malire, ngati funsani otetezera wathu ndi mtima woyera ndi kulemekeza, iwo kungatithandize mu izi, nthawi zina zimenezi n'zovuta, njira ya moyo.