Ya ping - ndichiyani? Ya ping zofunikira. ya ping Server

Today n'zosadabwitsa kuti Internet - mbali yofunika kwambiri ya moyo watsiku ndi tsiku. Ngakhale zochita aposachedwapa a boma lathu zikusonyeza kuti boma anazindikira kufunika izi zikutanthauza kulankhulana, kutanthauza mu zaka kudza kuonetsetsa kugwirizana odalirika pafupifupi onse midzi mu dziko.

Ife chokha chimene mapulani onsewa kudzachitika, monga pakalibe yachibadwa kulankhulana njira kumakhudza zoipa zomangamanga midzi yakutali. Poona khalidwe la kulankhulana kusamalira wina aliyense wosuta zambiri kapena anazolowera, chifukwa cha chinthu ichi zimadalira mayiko ndi liwiro pafupifupi machitidwe onse amakono opaleshoni ali ndi ntchito popanda Intaneti sangakwanitse.

Munthu amagwiritsa kudziwa ubwino wa njira analipira lachitatu chipani zofunikira, koma owerenga ambiri achikulire ankakonda kugwiritsa ntchito ya ping. Kodi izo, ndi momwe?

Zikhulupiriro General

Doping mabwalo akatswiri amatchedwa Poyankha nthawi ya kompyuta kutali kapena malo. Mwachidule, iyi ndi nthawi imene chizindikiro kwa nthawi kompyuta kuti apite ku makina akumidzi. Pasanathe chithunzi ichi, makhalidwe a maukonde bwino.

Kumene, inversely molingana ndi khalidwe ya ping kugwirizana ndi changu cha intaneti yanu. Ngati liwiro ndi otsika ndi khalidwe la njira yokha masamba kwambiri wolakalakika, zingakhale manambala monga mkulu wa mazana angapo milliseconds (MS).

Zofunika!

Komabe, si onse njira ya kulumikiza kwa intaneti, tanthauzo limeneli ndi chilungamo kwathunthu. Mukudziwira za mwayi bidirectional (asynchronous) Kanema njira ya World Lonse Web. Pamene ntchito, inu muli mwa njira iliyonse ndi zivute zitani simukhala ya ping kwenikweni yaing'ono. Kodi zikutanthauza chiyani? nkhani zonse mu maonekedwe a njira.

Pamene ntchito, kompyuta woyamba kutumiza pempho kudzera lapadziko kulankhulana njira (USB-modemu, imbani PA), ndi deta athandizira mtsinje adzadutsa ulalo Kanema. N'zoona kuti ngakhale ndi ntchito mwachilungamo wamakhalidwe aya lapadziko idzakhala nthawi yaitali mpaka zizindikiro amalandiridwa ndi kutumizidwa.

Malinga ya ping chiyani?

Kumene, mu Zikatero, liwiro kupeza deta ikhoza kukhala labwino kwambiri, nthawi zina kufika kwa mazana a megabits pa chachiwiri, kotero si koyenera kulankhula bwino za kulumikizana osauka. vuto ndi phindu ya ping chimadalira kwambiri pa khalidwe la ntchito za mabungwe ambiri otchuka ndi ntchito. Choncho, pa Masewero Intaneti nkhani ya ya ping yaitali, mukhoza bwinobwino kuiwala. N'chimodzimodzinso ndi misonkhano mu nthawi yeniyeni.

Popeza kuti sangathe ntchito polankhulana zenizeni nthawi zambiri kuti interlocutor wanu ayenera yomweyo, monga luso Pre-gawo lotetezedwa (zifukwa zoonekeratu). Kotero ya ping Mayeso isanafike msonkhano zenizeni nthawi ayenera kuvomerezedwa.

Ngati ya ping kwambiri kapena zochepa wabwinobwino, koma osati momwe akadakwanitsira, n'zosavuta kuona, ngakhale pamene ntchito ochiritsira zomvetsera kufala njira: phokoso adzakhala "chibwibwi", "croak", ngati si nthawi kutha.

Chofunika kwa ya ping?

Ukulu wa mtengo izi kumatengera zifukwa zingapo zimene ayenera n'komwe. Nthawi zina, mungathe kuchepetsa ya ping. Kodi zikutanthauza chiyani? mfundo ndi yakuti zina n'zotheka kuthetsa zifukwa chifukwa cha zimene Poyankha nthawi kumawonjezera kwambiri.

Choncho, pa malangizo kompyuta kachedwedwe (ya ping Windows). Choyamba, kulira kwa maikolofoni zimapita kwa khadi phokoso (kapena anamanga-mu apawokha, makamaka palibe kusiyana), ndi webukamu chithunzi akudutsa kudzera USB-doko. Kuthana zambiri ndi udindo wa CPU a kompyuta. Ngati CPU wotchi liwiro pa chipangizo chanu si lalikulu kwambiri, ndi kuchuluka kwa RAM ndipo sayambitsa kusangalala wapadera, mavuto aakulu kumachitika ndi ya ping.

Choncho, kulankhula ndi bwenzi pa "Skype" ndi ntchito makina otsika mphamvu pa nthawi yomweyo yesetsani kutsegula ambiri mabokosi kukambirana. Komanso pa nthawi imeneyi, muyenera kupewa kuonera kung'anima-Videos, chifukwa kwambiri zimamuchulukira mapurosesa otsika mphamvu pa kompyuta akale.

WOPEREKA ya ping Seva

Zinthu kudziwa Pankhaniyi? Kwambiri ntchito za mwamsanga maseva wa athandizi (ping-Seva) imene inu kugula Intaneti. Ndipotu, makina kampani zikugwirizana kompyuta malangizo ndi ukonde lonse. Chonde kudziwa kuti Internet kufala deta imagwiridwa ndi "snippets" ka deta, amene amatchedwanso mapaketi.

Ngati katundu maseva ndi ISP ali kwambiri mkulu, ndipo ntchito zipangizo ndi chinthu chakale, processing mapaketi amenewa queued. Pankhaniyi, inu simungapeze ya ping yachibadwa. Kodi izi zikutanthauza kuti wosuta? Chimodzimodzi monga mu nkhani ya Kanema Intaneti: mukhoza bwinobwino kuiwala za ntchito zosiyanasiyana zokambirana.

chizindikiro kufala mizere

anasamutsidwa WOPEREKA mizere ikuluikulu thunthu, amene ali pa liwilo. Childs, CHIKWANGWANI kuwala ntchito, mlingo wa mapaketi omwe ali ofanana liwiro la kuwala, koma pasanathe ndi mathamangidwe kwa kuwala vacuo. Komabe, tiyenera kukumbukira kuti mu njira mbendera ndi converters ambiri ndi amplifiers, amene dongosolo chovuta kwambiri. Kumene, zonse izi tidzapeze kuwonjezeka mu nthawi yomweyo. Pa zochitika zimenezi, ya ping-network kachedwedwe.

Chomaliza mudziwe processing Seva

Kuyambira chinthu ichinso zimatengera kwambiri. Choncho, maseva lero ku Microsoft angathe processing ndalama yaikulu zambiri pa unit wa nthawi kuposa akutsutsana ndi anthu a kampani yaing'ono hardware, zomwe ziribe mwayi. Izi zimaonekera makamaka kufala kwa akukhamukira video, lomwe lili ndi koyenera kwambiri kakulidwe ndi kutitengera katundu wolemera pa purosesa Seva mwa zomwe mukufuna kusamutsa.

Kukhala ndi nthawi yovuta njira, mbendera Pomaliza kukonzedwa ndi kutumizidwa ku kompyuta malangizo.

Chenjezo! N'zotheka kuti apite ku njira chosiyana. Oddly zokwanira, koma nthawi zina mbendera ya Moscow a mosavuta kuponya ena mwa Angola, mungathe kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri akulu thunthu mizere ndi utumiki wosamalira m'deralo. Pankhaniyi, ndi ya ping kwambiri m'munsi.

"Ya ping" zofunikira

Monga ife kale mu gawo loyambirira la nkhani, mukhoza kuyeza mlingo ntchito anamanga-Windows ya ping dongosolo zofunikira. Kuthamanga ndi lophweka. Choyamba, dinani kumanzere mbewa batani "Start" batani, kodolani pa katunduyo "Mapologalamu onse", ndiye pali "Standard". "Lamulo mwamsanga" ali zofunikira mu chikwatu lomaliza.

Zenera ake, lembani mawu ya ping, mpata, ndipo lembani adiresi ya malo. Ndiye mukhoza kupitiriza Lowani. Kagwiritsidwe adzakhala anatumiza chiwerengero cha mapaketi limasonyeza kuchuluka zomvetsa nuyese chizindikiro kuchedwa nthawi.

Monga mukuonera, ya ping zofunikira kwambiri nkhani ndi wosuta-wochezeka chida.

Vuto ya ping ife ndi dziko

Mu dziko lathu, mpaka posachedwapa vuto akuchedwa cha chizindikiro chinali chokhumudwitsa. Akatswiri ena ndi zoweta, pa mapeto a 90s lonse ya ping mtengo wakale CIS anali za 200-300 MS mu nkhani zabwino, pamene wosamalira akhala akupereka akuchedwa mu US ndi Europe za 20-30 MS.

Today kanjedza molimba akugwirizira Japan. Ndi luso ngakhale ogwiritsa mopepuka kupereka Intaneti ndi gigabit liwiro, wosamalira m'dera kupereka ya ping zosaposa 2-3 MS. Tapezanso bwino zinthu: ngakhale wathuwu "Rostelecom" amapereka Intaneti ndi kuchedwa kwa zosaposa 15-20 MS, umene pa zaka zam'mbuyo kunali kosatheka akufuna.

Koma m'mayiko ena, pali ya ping Mayeso akusonyeza khalidwe chizindikiro pa mlingo wa 50-60 MS, amene ali pafupifupi wokongola.

anapezazo

Choncho, kuchedwa mu kutumiza ndi kulandira chizindikiro ndi nthawizonse, chifukwa iwo amadalira zifukwa zambiri, zomwe zilibe mphamvu kwenikweni pa wina ndi mzake. Mu mphamvu yanu konza moyenera "hardware" kompyuta yanu ndi kusankha athandizi yabwino (ngati kuthekera).