Yaiwisi masamba: mitundu, kukolola, processing. zitsamba

zipangizo masamba zosaphika - ichi ndi nkhokwe weniweni chuma kuti anthu ntchito zolinga zosiyana. Taonani chimene icho chiri ndipo amapatsa anthu abwino.

zachilengedwe ndi masamba yaiwisi

zachilengedwe ndi maziko a chitukuko cha zochita za makolo a zachuma. Iwo akhoza kukhala magwero a ndalama:

• kupanga;
• kukhalako.

Malinga ndi chiyambi chake, iwo akhoza kugawidwa m'magulu awa:

• kwachilengedwenso;
• dziko;
• madzi;
• mchere.

Russia ali wolemera kwambiri chuma nkhalango. Pamene ambiri 45% ya gawo lawo wotanganidwa ndi nkhalango. Ndi mahekitala miliyoni 771,1, kapena kiyubiki mamita biliyoni 81,5. Komanso, dziko lili kwambiri m'dziko ndi zongowonjezwdwa zinthu zathu zimene mlandu mahekitala 1.7 biliyoni. Pa nthawi yomweyo m'mayiko ulimi kuphimba kudera la mahekala mamiliyoni 222. Zikuphatikizapo pamahekitala okwana 132 olimapo ndi mahekitala 90 miliyoni a m'dzikolo a msipu hayfields. dziko chambiri ndi m'nkhalango, nkhalango wosanganiza ndi kum'mwera nayonso. Pali 90% ya olimapo ali ndi adzalimidwa m'madera ena 80%.

Koma zachilengedwe - chinthu chimodzi, yaiwisi masamba - ndi chinachake. Dama zinthu ntchito zimene ncho ndi opangidwa ndi ntchito anthu. Mwachitsanzo, mitengo kukula mu nkhalango ndi zachilengedwe. Koma kugwetsa - matabwa ndi zokhudza zipangizo mafakitale yaiwisi.

Yaiwisi masamba - ndi:

• thonje;
• chimanga;
• matabwa;
• fulakesi;
• zitsamba.

Tiyeni tione mitundu payokha.

thonje

CHIKWANGWANI ichi, chimene amapangidwa kuchokera bolls thonje, ndi kuleza yaitali (mamita awiri) zomera ndi maluwa lalikulu. 90% ya iwo wapangidwa ndi mapadi, 6% ndi madzi, ndi otsala 4% - mchere, mafuta ndi zosafunika waxy. Thonje - cholimba, kutentha amalimbana ndi mayamwidwe pafupifupi madzi ndi mapindikidwe yaing'ono yaiwisi masamba.

Pa nthawi yomweyo ndi zofewa, zotanuka, ndi mayamwidwe mphamvu kwambiri, ulusi legkookrashivaemy. Mwa zolakwa zake taonera pa nthawi chikasu katundu, komanso zosavuta kuti aphwanye, nukhale pansi.

Mu Russia, dera labwino kulima thonje ndi Astrakhan dera. Apa, izo allocated mahekitala oposa 11 zikwi olimapo.

fulakesi

Mitundu yofala zipangizo masamba zosaphika - fulakesi ndi fulakesi kupota. Zomera ndi pachaka ndi osatha, ndi maluwa buluu ndipo pafupifupi anabala tsinde.

Russia mu dziko lili pa nambala yoyamba kulima mbewu. M'madera chachikulu chimene amalima, ndi ku Central ndi North-West. Len chimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mafakitale mankhwala ndi nsalu.

Ubwino wa nsalu nsalu monga mphamvu, permeability mpweya, kuvala, lightness, kungolandira ndi luso yozizira, kukana kuti kutentha pa kuchapa ndi kusita.

Koma ulinso kuipa. Izi ndi luso mwamsanga udzaphwanya ndi zoipa kukonza.

Akatswiri ambiri amalangiza kugona pa nsalu bedi. Naye omasuka pa kutentha kulikonse, ndipo amatha kutsegula chokhwima zachilengedwe maziko m'nyumba.

Outerwear amateteza thupi ku cheza dzuwa.

yambewu

Izi wina zakuthupi Mmera wonse, umene chimagwiritsidwa kufalitsa mu Russia. zikhalidwe zina olekanitsidwa:

• balere
• tirigu;
• rye;
• chimanga;
• Mapila;
• mpunga;
• buckwheat;
• mapira;
• ena nyemba.

Ambiri mu Russia ndi tirigu, yosonkhanitsa yomwe hafu ya okwana kupanga Russian. Zima tirigu wakula yekha mu gawo European ndi kasupe - m'madera kum'mwera.

Barele ndi wachiwiri kupanga buku. chikhalidwe limakula kulikonse. Ndi kumpoto kwambiri. Mu Russia, ndi ambiri ofunika ngati chikhalidwe chakudya. Mu dziko, dziko lathu tithe chachisanu mu kuswana balere.

Rye amagwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati chakudya komanso mbewu chakudya. Ankafunika zochepa kutentha poyerekeza ndi tirigu. Koma makhalidwe zakudya Mat otsiriza. Izo wakula kuzigawo Volga, Central, Volgovyatskom ndi Ural.

Mapila ntchito komanso rye. masamba kulima ndi kusunga zipangizo ali makamaka opangidwa mu gawo Loona za dziko.

The mbewu kwambiri chonde ndi mpunga. Iye amakonda madzi ndi kutentha, kotero kuphunzitsidwa malire m'munsi wa Volga, ndi Kuban ndi Primorsky Gawo.

Kutentha chomwecho ndi madzi-udzafunidwa chimanga. M'madera kum'mwera izo wakula tirigu, ndi kumpoto - kupanga silage.

Buckwheat limabweretsa mbewu otsika-ololera. Izo wakula mu nkhalango steppe mabacteria.

nkhuni

Wood ndi lofunika zipangizo mafakitale yaiwisi, amene ntchito zosiyanasiyana ya zomangamanga, zomangamanga, mphamvu, migodi, pa yakumadzulo / zoyendera mauthenga ndi ena. Chifukwa chakuti processing zipangizo masamba yaiwisi zophweka, pakuti katundu kukongoletsa, makamaka ankagwiritsa ntchito mu makampani mipando joinery. Komanso, mtengo chimagwiritsidwa zimagulitsidwa kunja.

zitsamba

Zomera, lomwe muli yogwira pharmacological mankhwala, komanso ndi zotsatira achire, wotchedwa mankhwala. Chirichonse mu dziko pali kwa mitundu zikwi mazana asanu zomera peresenti asanu okha mankhwala onse. Russia ayenera kunyadira zosiyanasiyana onse a mitundu mkati malire awo. Chaka chilichonse mankhwala zolinga kuno kupita zitsamba mazana awiri.

Komanso, pali chakudya lalikulu osati ankafufuza zomera zina. Izi zikupereka utumiki makamaka kwa zinachitikira wachikale mankhwala.

Mankhwala - zopangira kwa yokonza zinthu zoyera mwakhama lonse mafakitale. Iwo analandira mu mawonekedwe imene ndi ntchito ngati feedstock ndi kwa zinthu therapeutically zothandiza.

zitsamba mankhwala ntchito kupanga kukonzekera galenic ndi timadziti. Amachita zomera, imene sikutheka kulandira mankhwala mu maonekedwe ake angwiro, pamene limodzi kupereka zotsatira yabwino kwambiri.

Zipangizo ntchito mankhwala chindapusa teas. ntchito yake yaikulu ili kuti umagwira ntchito zovuta a. chakumwa tiyi monga adjunct kuti mankhwala ofunikira. Nthawi zambiri kutenga kumakhaladi yabwino kwambiri kuposa mankhwala mankhwala, ngakhale kwa matenda aakulu.

Powonjezera zitsamba chakudya bwino ubwino wake, olemera ndi mavitamini ndi zinthu zina zothandiza, potero adamulowetsa njira thupi. Komanso, mankhwala bwino anagulitsa zamitundu yosiyanasiyana.

Mankhwala omwe analandira kuchokera mankhwala zambiri chitsanzo kwa kupanga mankhwala. Koma cholinga chawo chachikulu ndicho kulandira zitsamba mankhwala. KULI zambiri zotheka kumva ndemanga mphamvu ya maphikidwe wotchuka zochokera zitsamba zimene zathandiza kuchotsa matenda osiyanasiyana. Koma makampani mankhwala amakonzekera za chachitatu cha mankhwala. Pafupifupi 80% ya mankhwala ntchito matenda a mtima ndi dongosolo m'mimba amapangidwa pa maziko a zipangizo masamba yaiwisi. Ndipo ngakhale mu manambala ngati zomera ayenera akadali kuwonjezeka.

Iwo akuyendayenda mabungwe ambiri kafukufuku maphunziro mankhwala ndi mankhwala ndi mabungwe ena. Mumadziwika maphunziro imachitika kunja. Asayansi a ku Russia anaphunzira kwambiri mankhwala a zitsamba. ntchito yawo ndi atlases maziko mapu yogawa ndi kuwatsogolera. A kusanthula mwatsatanetsatane nkhani masamba yaiwisi analola kulinganiza msonkhamsonkha awo. Komanso chinathandiza kufalikira ndi ntchito mu madera onse a dziko.

Home wobiriwira mankhwala

Ndi zofunika kuti akhale kunyumba zitsamba kwa nthawi zosiyanasiyana, choncho sangathe okha kuteteza thupi, komanso kuchiza izo, ngati muli matenda aliwonse. Mwachitsanzo, kupewa kwambiri matenda a dongosolo thirakiti m'mimba ndi thundu khungwa. A chamomile, calendula, kapena helichrysum therere bwino chimbudzi. Pamene cystitis ndi kutupa ndi njira zabwino za kiranberi tsamba, therere violet, bearberry, knotweed ndi mizu licorice. Cold mankhwala anauka, rasipiberi tsamba, therere oregano, mayi ndi akulera ana opeza, maluwa linden ndi marigold, ndi zina zotero. Kupanikizika ndi thandizo ndi tulo valerian muzu ndi motherwort therere ndi cones siimakupiza.

yosungirako

Nkofunika kusunga udzu. Chifukwa mukatero chilichonse wolemera wobiriwira mankhwala, zomera amangokhala kutaya makhalidwe mankhwala ndi kukhala wopanda pake. Mtundu uliwonse ayenera kusungidwa payokha. Anasankha kusunga malo ayenera kukhala mdima, wouma ndi woyera. zomera onunkhira anali kutali odorless, ndi poyizoni - amene sanali chakupha. Good kusunga mphamvu - galasi mtsuko. Koma ngakhale bwino kuwasunga mu matumba wapadera chiguduli kuti kupumitsidwa. Thumba ayenera kusaina, kumene, kuwonjezera dzina, muyenera mwachindunji wa mpesa.

nthawi The anatsimikiza ndi tsiku lothera ndi. Ngati zinthu zonse yosungirako zimapezeka, ndiye:

• zipatso zasungidwa kwa zaka 3;
• mizu ndi makungwa - zaka 5;
• maluwa, masamba, masamba ndi udzu - zaka 2.

zosonkhanitsira

Nyengo yabwino kusonkhanitsa youma bwino. mankhwala mizu ndi anakumba mu autumn, pamene kumtunda kwa mphamvu, ndipo izi zikhoza kutheka ku kasupe oyambirira. Koma pamene kusonkhanitsa masamba ndi maluwa - ndi nthawi maluwa. mbewu adzakhala zothandiza kusasitsa awo.

Pali Komabe, mwaiwala zimene malamulo. Kenako yafotokozedwa mu maonekedwe a zomera. Kuchuluka waukulu zitsamba zouma mu mthunzi ndi mpweya okwanira. zitsamba zouma mosavuta wosweka, koma kusunga mtundu wawo.

Pomaliza

M'nkhaniyi tiona anayang'ana pa zomwe ndi chomera zakuthupi. Aliyense wa mitundu n'kofunika kwambiri pa moyo wa munthu. Koma pa mlingo banja n'kofunika mankhwala a zitsamba ndi mankhwala mankhwala wambiri.

Chiwerengero cha anthu ndi kofunikira kumvetsetsa mmene bwino kutenga udzu, koma pamene ndi mmene amapezera ndi sitolo. mankhwala anali kunyumba, kangapo kuthandiza mabanja ndi mavuto osiyana.