Viktor Savinykh, Soviet cosmonaut: yonena, banja, mphoto

Viktor Savinykh - Soviet cosmonaut, ndi 50 tili pa mndandanda wa anthu Soviet Union anatha kuuluka malo. Pa moyo, anali atatu kunyamuka, pamene mmodzi amene anatha kupita ku malo lotseguka. nthawi chokhala ndi ndege zonse - masiku oposa 252.

yonena

Viktor Savinykh - wokayenda pamwezi yonena chimene chinaperekedwa kamodzi kudziwika kwa anthu ambiri Soviet, chifukwa anthu onga iye, anaonerera dziko lonse amanyadira iwo, ofanana nawo.

wokayenda pamwezi tsogolo anabadwa mu m'mudzi waung'ono Berezkin ili chigawo cha dera Kirov Oricheskom. kubadwa kwake - March 7, 1940. ana aang'ono anali pa nkhondo, patangopita chigonjetso cha Viktor Savinykh anapita ku sukulu. Maphunziro, ngati ophunzira ena ambiri Soviet zaka 17. Adalandira sekondale, Victor analowa Perm Railway College, imene dipuloma pa akamaliza Choyenereza anatchulidwa "Rairoad katswiri."

Pa patsogolo ndi VP wamng'ono Savinykh sanasiye ndipo mu 1969 maphunziro Institute ndi Choyenereza "mawotchi injiniya dokotala wa maso." Komabe, ngakhale izi sizinali zokwanira kwa iye, kotero iye anali mu maphunziro kusukulu ya bungwe mofanana - Moscow Institute of Geodesy ndi mapu. Atamaliza maphunziro ake ku PhD pa mutu "Mavuto a lathu la spacecraft mu Earth kanjira" anali kutetezedwa.

Pambuyo zaka 5 poikira kumbuyo digirii yake imene kuulula okhudzana ndi mavuto chilengedwe mpweya mutu. Kenako anaganiza kuyamba nthumwi ntchito, umene ankafunika kupeza diploma ya akazembe Academy.

danga

Viktor Savinykh anayamba ntchito yake mu 1960, ntchito monga kapitawo pa kampani ya Sverdlovsk sitima. Mu zaka 60-63 anatumikira mu Soviet Army mu asilikali njanji.

Maofesi a Mfumukazi mu 1969. Iye anayamba ntchito yake pa mfundo iyi monga injiniya, zaka 20 anapuma monga mutu wa zovuta wa.

Mu 1975, Viktor Savinykh wakhala chilolezo Chief Medical Board, pamaziko a zimene patapita zaka zitatu - mu December 1978 - kuwapempha anapangidwa kulembetsa ndi novice mu kumuwombera lapansi. Zochitika za mlingo zinachitika amazipanga kudya. Savinykh mwiniwakeyo anati izi ndi kunena kuti anadziŵa ndegeyo bwinobwino, nakayimika kuyambira pa chiyambi. Iye anabwera KB pa nthawi imene polojekiti Pa pepala, kotero Viktor anatsagana naye pafupifupi kuchokera pamene "lingaliro". Akhale mayeso cosmonaut walemba pa 8 December chaka cha 1978.

Pamodzi ndi gulu, chimene chikuyembekezeka siteshoni "Salyut-6" anachita nawo chisanadze kukonzekera isanafike May 1980.

October 1978 - kasupe 1980 - ndi otanganidwa pokonzekera mayeso ndege "Soyuz T-2." Mayeso akhala bwinobwino analamula, koma pafupifupi pamaso pa chiyambi, ndipo kudamveka kuti chombo chidafika pawiri ndege, kotero iye anatengedwa kuchokera kwa mwambowu.

Ndithu mwadzidzidzi izo kunditumiza ku ntchito ina, kotero mu October ndi November 1980, kukonzekera ntchito ina. Nditamaliza ake bwino wokayenda pamwezi anaikidwa ndege injiniya wa oyendetsa chachiwiri, anaikira mayeso ndege ya "Soyuz T-3".

Mu December 1980, iye anayamba kukonzekera komaliza kwa kuyamba kwa "Salyut-6", imene inatha mu February '81. Wachisanu waukulu ulendo Viktor Savinykh anakhala airborne injiniya malo adalira. Komabe, ndikatha kumfunsafunsa bungwe waganiza kuika pamodzi ndi V. Kovalenko kwa oyendetsa yaikulu, pamene Andreev ndi Zudov kugwiritsa dongosolo kubwerera.

buthulo ndege

Wanga ndege yoyamba, Viktor Savinykh, cosmonaut, akhadikhira ndikuoneka wapadera. chiyambi anapangidwa March 12, 1981. ofesi yake pasanathe masiku 74, maola 17 ndi mphindi 37 masekondi 23, womwe unatenga ndege, - ndege injiniya. Callsign mu nthawi ino - fotoni-2. ndegeyi, mosiyana ndi anzake ena ambiri, kuphatikizapo kuti Launch zinachitika madzulo. Pambuyo zofunika, ndi chombo anakumana kwambiri ntchito, kotero iwo anakakamizika musanjenso ndandanda wake pasadakhale. Iwo anapita kwa bedi m'mawa, kudzuka pamene ena Muscovites anali akukonzekera bedi. Kamodzi kusankha ndege potsiriza kutengera anauzidwa kuti Viktor amakhala makumi asanu Soviet cosmonaut ndi №100 pa oyenerera padziko lonse.

Pamaso ndege, monga masaka mankhwala ankachitira kutumikira mowa. Savinykh ankakumbukira mmene dokotala adaseleula motere naye kuti tsopano kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ali invulnerable kwathunthu. Mu tsiku ili Victor analemba makalata kwa mkazi wake ndi makolo. Envelopu anaika chithunzi limene chimasonyeza spacesuit a. Banja anali ndamuwonapo iye mu fomu iyi, ndipo sanathe kuganiza kuti nthawi iyi iwo anatumiza kwa chombo kuti posachedwapa kuuzidwa za kuthawa.

Nditabwerera ku Earth Savinykh anakumbukira kuti anzake anayesetsa kwambiri kuti iye anaseka, kudodometsa kwa chisangalalo. Mmodzi wa iwo kwambiri ndithu analimbikira kuti kuika zipangizo mu katundu Bay, pamene inu mukhoza kuthamanga thamanga danga njanji. kumutsimikizira anali aakulu ndi zofunikila kuti Savinykh mwina koma kumwetulira.

Pamene Atolankhani anafunsa isanayambe zimene iwo aphonya mu mlengalenga, Savinykh ananena kuti simukudziwa, koma pa mphindi ulibe malo.

Cholinga cha ulendo unali reactivation za "Salyut-6" siteshoni, amene nthawi zina zapitazo anataya kugwirizana. Ndi mkati "akufa" okwerera Savinykh titayensa kuuluka mu ziro yokoka. Nthawi yomweyo, koma mofulumira atamva kuti zochita za malangizo a zoyenda payenera kukhala ndege - mu ndege nthawi ya twitch alibe nzeru. Mpaka mufika pamwamba, n'zosatheka kusintha chilichonse.

Pochokera ndege yoyamba, wokayenda pamwezi anauza kufotokoza za momwe wokongola dziko lapansili kuti kuchokera pamwamba choncho n'zosatheka amanena. Zochitika sunrises wosatha (kuti masiku danga, mukhoza kuona nthawi 16), Viktor anakumbukira moyo Urals ndi, m'mawa ndi oyera, fungo awo atsopano. Kodi ndiye kuti ankaganiza kuti izo zikanakhala kuyang'ana pa dziko lathuli ku malo? Kumene, ngakhale mu maloto anga wildest zimenezi sizinkachitika.

Chowopsa chiri ndi Savinykh anauza zimene ulemerero wa maluwa lotseguka kwa malo. Aurora wapanga kukoma kuganiza pa iye, makamaka ngati chombo anakwanitsa kukaona mtima wa zodabwitsazi. Ngakhale filimu, malinga kwa anthu, si kwanilitse kuti zibalane kuchuluka kwa mitundu, amene anatha kusunga iwo kuchokera mlenga lenga.

The ndege yachiwiri

Zinali ndege wautali kuposa anthu amene anachitika Savinykh. Zinatha bwanji 4 months ulendo kuti "Salyut-7". Gawo loyamba wopangidwa ndi kukonzanso ntchito zonse siteshoni. Kugwirizana ndi Dzhanibekov anapereka zotsatira zabwino: chomera ntchito wabwezeretsedwa. Monga mbali ya ntchito Savinykh anapita mu mlengalenga. Ntchito kunja kwa chombo anatenga maola 5.

The ndondomeko ya ntchito za gawo lachiwiri la Vasyutin ndi Volkova, koma chifukwa matenda Vasyutin ndege anali kutsiriza oyambirira. Savinykh anasankhidwa mkulu wa oyendetsa.

ndegeyi inatenga okwana masiku 168 3 maola Mphindi 51 masekondi 8.

Anaphunzitsa pa "Mir", ndiye atabwerera Earth, ngwazi wathu monga injiniya adakwera - kuuluka pa Os "Mir". Mbali yoyamba adalira wakhala lingafanane lachiwiri - pachimake.

The ndege lachitatu

Viktor Savinykh, cosmonaut nambala 50 mu dziko, anapanga ndege komaliza mu ntchito yake mu '88. Monga ndege injiniya, 7 17 June nawo ntchito pa m'mlengalenga "Soyuz TM-5".

masiku awiri pambuyo kukhazikitsa spacecraft atazikocheza ndi siteshoni danga, amene opaleshoni yaikulu yachinayi ulendo. Station "Mir" anapanga chithunzi chabwino pa obwerawa. Kuchita ntchito za ndege limodzi adalira anabwerera ku Earth. ulendo Izi zinali zodabwitsa kuti, pamodzi ndi Soviet opita siteshoni "Mir" ndinkakhala nalo akatswiri ochokera Bulgaria.

ndegeyi unatenga masiku 9, maola 20, mphindi 9 masekondi 19.

moyo

Msungwana, amene anadzakhala mkazi wake, Victor anakumana pamene kupita ku koleji ku Perm. Chinthu choyamba anaona - mmene mosavuta ndi mtima wonse kuvina Lily. Anaganiza kuti akupita kunyumba kuona kwawo, kodi zosangalatsa wokayenda pamwezi m'tsogolo. Ankakonda masewera, ankachita nawo masewera othamanga ndi chinali skier kwambiri, kupanga bwino kwa chisamaliro ndi ludzu. Mkazi Viktora Savinyh anabadwa February 23, 41, amake amwanayo dzina - Menshikov. Liliya Alekseevna ntchito monga mphunzitsi wa thupi Education Dipatimenti ya Moscow Institute Nkhalango.

Viktor Savinykh, amene banja lake anali mwana wa makolo, iye ndi mng'ono wake, anaukitsa mwana wamkazi m'modzi wobadwa August 12, 1968. Valentine moyo onyada bambo, sanapite mapazi ake. Iwo wakhala zamoyo.

moyo pambuyo

Mu 1988, Viktor wakhala anavomera kutenga malo rector. Ankaganiza utsogoleri wa yunivesite, kumene anaphunzitsidwa zaka zapitazo - MIIGAiK. Patapita chaka chimodzi, ntchito wokayenda pamwezi anali pa mwalamulo, kenako mpaka 1992 Savinykh anali kazembe wa anthu la Soviet Union. Doctor wa sayansi luso Viktor Petrovich ndi 1990.

Pakali pano, ndi wokayenda pamwezi kale watumikira monga mkonzi wa magazini "Russian Space". Iye - mbadwa aulemu mzinda wa Kirov, kumene pomulemekeza chipilala. Komanso, dzina la wokayenda pamwezi la ogwira ntchito imodzi ya mapulaneti zazing'ono.

maulemu

Mu ntchito yake yaitali, ndi kuyamika kafukufuku Savinykh mphoto zambiri ndi maudindo. Kangapo anakhala laureate wa mphoto zosiyanasiyana boma, Knight a madongosolo a Lenin, "Pakuti Inagwira" Mendulo "Gold Star", anali kupereka n'kulandira mendulo "Pakuti kuyenera pa zokambiranazi cha malo," ndi ena ambiri. Komanso, mobwerezabwereza analandira udindo wa ngwazi.

Kawiri iye anakhala wopambana wa Soviet Union. Iye anali kupereka udindo mu 1981 ndi 1985.

Mu 1981 iye analandira udindo wa Hero wa Mongolian Republic Anthu a mu zaka zisanu ndi ziwiri - ofanana ndi Republic of Bulgaria.

Kuchokera mu 1981 - Soviet cosmonaut.

Osati mu dziko lathu ife anayamikira ntchito Savinykh, mu Paris, iye ndi membala wa Academy mayiko a Astronautics. Komanso, iye ndi membala wa Academy mayiko a Engineering ndi Science Computer wa Academy. Kuyambira 2006 iye ndi membala lolingana ya Russian Academy of Sciences.

ntchito panja

Viktor Savinykh nthawizonse akutsogozedwa ndi wokangalika cikhalidwe. Iye anali kazembe USSR, m'Komiti ya Environmental, anali kuthamanga kwa Duma kawiri, koma nthawi zonse sanali osankhidwa. Ndi pulezidenti wa Kusambira Federation, membala wa presidium a mtundu wa philatelists membala wa ambiri m'madera osiyanasiyana. Mu 2010, pakati pamwamba atatu mu mndandanda wa United Russia gulu la Kirov nthambi ya chisankho khamu boma. Mu 2011 iye anali osankhidwa.

zokonda

Adakali wophunzira Savinykh kusiya kutsetsereka kenako anakhala kuwedza nyama, tennis ndi kumulakalaka kutsetsereka ya m'mapiri. Tsopano, ngakhale amatanganidwa, Viktor kumayesera kuti apereke masewera ndi zosangalatsa zina monga nthawi kuli kotheka kuti si kutaya olimba.

Ngakhale tsopano wokayenda pamwezi zakale Moscow, iye amayesetsa chaka chilichonse kubwera kwa Vyatka kwawo, kupita ku nkhalango, nsomba bwino kuyambira mitsinje mwana.

buku

Viktor ndi mlembi "The Earth akuyembekezera ndi kuyembekezera," lolembedwa mu 1983, "Buku ku siteshoni akufa" ndipo anamaliza mu 1999, "Geography kwa Space", analengedwa mu 2000, ndi "Vyatka. Baikonur. Cosmos "omwe ankachita nawo wokayenda pamwezi mu 2002 ndi 2010.

Komanso, iye Co-Mlembi zosiyanasiyana mabuku zoyenera malo ndi chilengedwe.