Yokoka: chilinganizo, kutanthauzira

Mwamtheradi matupi onse m'chilengedwe chonse ndi mphamvu zamatsenga ndi ena njira amakopeka iwo pansi (kapena m'malo phata ake). Paliponse kuthamanga, zidzasowa kokhala ku mabuku matsenga yokoka: mapulaneti ozungulira dzuŵa lathu amakopeka osati dzuwa kwambiri, komanso wina ndi mzake, zinthu, ndi mamolekyulu, ndi maatomu onse zing'onozing'ono ndipo matanthauzo anakopeka. Isaak Nyuton, amadziwika ngakhale kwa ana aang'ono, pamoyo wake kuphunzira zodabwitsazi, anapereka pa lamulo lalikulu - lamulo la mphamvu yokoka.

yokoka ndi chiyani?

Tanthauzo ndi chilinganizo kwa nthawi yaitali, ndipo ambiri amadziwika. Kumbukirani, mphamvu yokoka - ndi phindu zina, chimodzi cha mawonetseredwe chilengedwe cha kukoka konsekonse, ndicho mphamvu zimene lililonse thupi nthawi zonse chidwi ndi Earth.

Mphamvu yokoka ndiwo amaimira Latin kalata F timafupa.

Yokoka: chilinganizo

Kodi kuwerengera mphamvu yokoka, anawalozera kwa thupi enieni? mfundo zomwe ena amafuna kudziwa kuti? Tikutsata ndondomeko za kuwerengetsa mphamvu yokoka ndi wosavuta, izo anaphunzitsa mu sitandade 7 a sekondale sukulu, pa chiyambi cha moyo sayansi. Kuti si kophweka, komanso kumvetsa, ziyenera ankaganiza kuti mphamvu yokoka, nthawi zonse kuchita thupi ndi mwachindunji njila kwa kuchuluka kwake (misa).

Unit yokoka chikutchedwa katswiri kwambiri Newton.

Yokoka (yokoka) nthawi zonse kulozera molunjika mpaka ku likulu la pakati dziko lapansi, chifukwa amadza chifukwa cha thupi uniformly inapita kugwa pansi. Chodabwitsa cha mphamvu yokokera pansi pa moyo tikuona paliponse ndipo nthawi zonse:

• zinthu mosintha kapena mwachindunji anamasulidwa manja, onetsetsani kugwa pansi (kapena padziko uliwonse kumathandiza ufulu kugwa);
• anapezerapo mpata Kanema si kuuluka kuchoka dziko kwa mtunda kalekale perpendicularly oposa, ndipo zimayenda mu kanjira ndi;
• mitsinje onse aturuka kuchokera mu mapiri ndi Siingabwezedwe;
• Nthawi zina munthu amene wachita ndipo anavulala;
• kali akhale tating'ono kwambiri chitsotso cha fumbi;
• mpweya anaikira pafupi padziko lapansi;
• wolemetsa kunyamula zikwama;
• ku mitambo ndi mitambo akungotuluka mvula, matalala mathithi, matalala.

Pamodzi ndi mawu akuti "yokoka" Mawu akuti "thupi". Ngati thupi akhoza adzaikidwa pa lathyathyathya yopingasa pamwamba, kulemera kwake ndi mphamvu yokoka ndi numerically ofanana, kotero awiri nthawi zambiri anasokoneza, amene si zolondola.

Mofulumira yokoka

Lingaliro la "mathamangitsidwe yokoka" (m'mawu ena, ndi Mphamvu zonse) kugwirizana ndi mawu akuti "yokoka". Ndondomeko ikusonyeza kuti kuwerengetsa mphamvu yokoka, kulemera ayenera kuchulukitsa ndi ga (n mathamangitsidwe kulankhulana ..).

"G" = 9,8 N / kg ndi zonse. Komabe, miyezo yolondola kusonyeza kuti chifukwa lapansi kasinthasintha mtengo mathamangitsidwe kumanga. . N mosiyana, malingana ndi kumpoto ndi: wa North Pole ndi = 9.832 N / kg, pamene pa equator lina = 9,78 N / kg. Choncho, pa malo osiyana pa dziko thupi kukhala ndi misa ofanana, osiyana Cholinga yokoka (chilinganizo chomwecho MG Zatsala zikutsatiridwa). Zolinga zothandiza, anaganiza kunyalanyaza zolakwa zazing'ono za ukulu uwu, ndi kugwiritsa ntchito pakuchitika mtengo wa 9,8 N / kg.

Kugwirizana zoopsa monga mphamvu yokoka (chilinganizo akutsimikizira icho) amalola kuyeza kulemera kwa dynamometer chinthu (ngati bizmen wamba banja). Onani kuti chipangizo zikusonyeza zotsatira zokha, monga kudziwa kulemera enieni muyenera kudziwa phindu la dera "g".

Kodi mphamvu yokoka mu uliwonse (ndi pafupi ndi kutali) kuchoka pakati pa dziko lapansi? Newton hypothesized kuti amachita pa thupi ngakhale pa mtunda wautali pa dziko lapansi, koma phindu lake amachepetsa monga khwalala osiyanitsidwa wa mtunda kuchokera chinthu pachimake dziko lapansi.

Yokoka mu dongosolo la zowalitsa

Kodi pali mapulaneti ena yokoka? Kumasulira mitunduyi wachibale kwa maplaneti ena akali chomveka. Ndi kusiyana kokha mtengo wa "g" chimodzi:

• Moon = 1,62 N / kg (nthawi sikisi zochepa lapadziko);
• Neptune = 13.5 N / kg (nthawi pafupifupi theka kuposa mu dziko);
• Mars = 3.73 N / kg (maulendo oposa awiri ndi theka zosakwana dziko);
• Saturn = 10,44 N / kg;
• Mercury = 3,7 N / kg;
• Venus = 8,8 N / kg;
• Uranus = 9,8 N / kg (pafupifupi chimodzimodzi ngati ife);
• Jupiter = 24 N / kg (pafupifupi ziwiri ndi theka nthawi apamwamba).