Zofewa akhungu malo ozungulira nyumba: chipangizo, sitepe ndi sitepe kalozera

Childs, m'dera akhungu akutumikira monga kupitiriza amaika mumsewu matailosi. Komabe, si nthawi zonse chikhalidwe anakumana, chifukwa si kuvomerezedwa. Mwachitsanzo Njira tinganene kuti zofewa m'dera akhungu. Kuwonjezera zinchito, ali m'mphepete kukongoletsa. Koma musanayambe ntchito, muyenera mutidziwe ndi iwo a sayansi komanso kukonzekera popanga zipangizo.

Mfundo yaikulu ya ntchito ya

Kusiyanitsa kunja kwa nyumba angagwiritse ntchito njira tafotokozazi. Amaika mumsewu ndi njira yowona akhala n'kotopetsa, ndipo si nthawi zonse kuyang'ana achilengedwe. Ndi mitundu ya maziko, amangoika sizimayenderana. Mwachitsanzo, mtolo-rostverkovoe m'munsi umafuna azikongoletsa mkati m'mphepete mwa dera akhungu kulumikizidwa kapu. Choncho mpweya wokwanira malo mkati m'kati chatsekedwa.

mbali Ofunika

Ngati tikulankhula za malo olimba akhungu, mfundo zazikulu ndi kupitiriza kwa ❖ kuyanika pabwalo ndi kuwamaliza kapu. Koma zofewa m'dera akhungu pafupifupi gawo la kutsogolo munda kapena maluwa mabedi, yotsirizira umene uli pafupi ndi nyumbayo. Monga mchitidwe limasonyeza, ❖ kuyanika izi cholimba, wangwiro ndi sikutanthauza kukonza yaikulu. Ngati kufanizitsa chipangizo Kuvuta ndi mphamvu ntchito, ndiye onse a mitundu m'madera akhungu zofanana, koma zigawo imakonzedwa ndi ndondomeko zosiyanasiyana.

Zida zofewa otmostki

Zofewa akhungu malo chiwembu chakale envisages wosanjikiza bwino ting'onoting'ono basi dothi. Ngati tikulankhula za kamangidwe chikhalidwe, ndiye madzi kuphimba ndi mu trays lotseguka anapatsidwa. Pankhaniyi anafotokoza m'dera akhungu udindo umene umatenga pa ngalande pamwamba. Kuti ziziyenda pamwamba, kuchita kukonzekera krupnofraktsionnogo wosanjikiza miyala. Miyala wogawana kugawira katundu ndi kuthetsa shrinkage wa chochuluka ❖ kuyanika.

Main kukondera akhoza anaonetsetsa miyala wosanjikiza. Mayikidwe zimatheka ndi chochuluka wosanjikiza mfundo zabwino nusu, yemwe analibe chizolowezi heave. Kawirikawiri ntchito mchenga izi, koma n'zotheka kutsatira slag ndi lubwe screenings, ngati n'koyenera, matenthedwe kutchinjiriza - kukodzedwa dongo tchipisi. Zofewa akhungu m'dera ayenera gidrobarer. Izi zambiri zakhala zikuzunza m'miyoyo geomembranes, amene ntchito kumatira wa nyumba ndi wogulitsidwa ndi zopangidwa za "luso situdiyo" kapena "Fundalin".

Ngati tikulankhula za maziko Mzere, m'dera akhungu lili wozungulira, komanso mwachizolowezi. Koma mulu ofotokoza rostverkovom akhungu m'dera imaikidwa mu masentimita 50. Izi inafunika makonzedwe a m'dera wakhungu sitepe yomanga maziko. Chinyezi chotchinga si kuonongeka ndi yomanga adzakhala yabwino.

Sitepe ndi sitepe kalozera

Ngati inu kukhazikika m'dera akhungu ndi manja anu, sitepe ndi sitepe malangizo m'nkhani ino zingakuthandizeni. Sitepe yoyamba ndi kugwira ntchito yomanga ntchito, phunziroli uyu ayenera kukhala ngalande, odzipereka pa masentimita 45 kuchokera mpaka kunsi kwa gawo. Pansi ayenera kukhala pa mlingo zonse, choncho ntchito ayenera yoyamba chodetsa madzi kapena lokhoza.

Pothetsa dera akhungu ndi manja anu, sitepe ndi sitepe malangizo ndikofunikira pamaso phunziroli. Kuyambira inu mukhoza kuwona kuti si kofunika kulimbikitsa m'mphepete mwa ngalande, koma pa wozungulira ayenera kulenga dzenje. Iwo adzaikidwe ngalande dongosolo madzi yamkuntho. pansi muyenera kukhala okonzeka, nthaka ting'onoting'ono basi. Nthawi zambiri backfilled ndi wosanjikiza kagawo kakang'ono chomenyedwa.

Malinga pamwamba angaimbidwenso wasambitsa loam zoyenera. The makulidwe chomaliza cha wosanjikiza ayenera 20 cm. Kuchokera ku dongo ayenera kukhala ndege wamba ndi thireyi kwa njira akusamba. Clay ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito otsetsereka ambiri kwa nyumbayi. chipangizo ndi yofewa akhungu malo ozungulira nyumba sitepe yotsatira limapangidwa sitepe ya kukonzekera podsypaniya wosanjikiza. Ndi nthawi kofunika kuwaza madzi kupewa ming'alu. Malizitsani m'dera akhungu chipangizo angakhale pambuyo ndiyotani bogged pansi mu matope sudzakhalanso phazi.

Kuonetsetsa kuda mkuntho

Kuti mupewe madzimadzi ku malo wakhungu akhoza kuyimba ngalande. kukha Yambitsaninso akhoza kukhala nthaka, imene kudzadalira mvula ndipo mvula pachaka mwamphamvu. Kuchuluka kwa loyenda madzimadzi akhoza kuchepetsa nthaka pansi m'dera akhungu, ndi chifukwa otsetsereka aakulu Gidrobarer. Chifukwa, zambiri wosanjikiza amayamba kuchepetsa.

Ngati ngalande njira ndi sefa bwino pafupi pamenepo, Yambitsaninso angathe kuchitidwa mu nthaka, titathawa kuchokera ambiri otsetsereka ngalande za 10 m. Kusonkhanitsa mipope madzi ngalande zambiri ntchito amene m'mimba mwake 100 mm. Konzani mankhwala kukhala perforated khoma. The awiri mabowo akhoza kukhala wolingana ndi malire a 16 20 mm.

Zofewa akhungu malo ozungulira nyumba ndi backfill nthaka kumaphatikizapo kuzimata mipope mu geotextiles angongole. Ngakhale kuti dera wakhungu ali ndi mphamvu mkulu kusefera, chitetezo chofunika mu nkhani ya kusamuka chinyezi kuchokera matope a. Pa mphambano ndi m'mphambano za njira ayenera olumikizidwa kapena mtanda mphako okhometsa poponya. Nkofunika kuonetsetsa kuti laterals chapamwamba, zomwe ndi zofunika kafukufuku wa.

Ngati valavu kuda si ntchito zipinda anayendera akhoza m'malo ndi makosi kuda. Madzi akatulutsidwa mu ngalande imene imafikira akuya 1 mita. Iwo ayenera kudzaza miyala ndi nthaka yachonde. Chitoliro perforated amachita ngati wogulitsa a.

nthuza otmostki

kukonzekera Clay ayenera amapatsa chomenyedwa wosanjikiza, limene lili ndi kukondera ena. The makulidwe kukonzekera izi 120 mm. Kachigawo zakuthupi ranges ku 15 20 mm. Mukhoza Njira pakati pa galimoto yaing'ono ndi yaikulu. Mayikidwe imagwiridwa kukondera wosanjikiza dropout kapena mchenga. The zopatuka yopingasa ndi 3: 100.

Akhungu dera mwala wosweka adzapita pansi m'nyumba. Kuchokera wapakamwa ya kumalire ayenera adzaukitsidwa kwa masentimita 15 mpaka 20. The keke ayenera tikaumbike ngati atagona ndi madzi. wosanjikiza pa mtendere mawonekedwe ndi bwino miyala ndi dongo. Pamwamba pa mchenga pambuyo compaction chimafikira ulamuliro, imafalira pa Kakhungu lapansi. Otmostka a mwala wosweka zoti kotero kuti thireyi zofunda china maphunziro. Monga zosiyana kwa protrude ndi masentimita angapo a chisakanizo cha mchenga ndi miyala, amene kulenga otsetsereka chifukwa njira ngalande.

Akhungu dera kwa bwino

Zofewa akhungu dera bwino imakhala kumatira film, wodzala ndi mchenga. Top angakonze udzu kapena kukongoletsa ❖ kuyanika. Kupanga dongosolo chotero sasamalira mtengo kwambiri thupi ndi ndalama. Asanayambe ntchito zofunika kuchotsa lachonde padziko bwino pa m'lifupi kuyambira 1.2 kuti 1.5 m. Pa pansi yaikidwa kumatira filimu m'mphepete limene kuti mphete chapamwamba.

The kumatira udindo angachichite ozizira zosagwira film, amene aikidwa pansi pomanga maziko. Otetezeka kanema mphete kungakhale iwiri amaganiza zomatira tepi kapena gulu zitsulo ikuchitika mwa zomangira otsiriza yolusa kapena dowels. Pa poti filimu amapita ku malo umodzi, m'pofunika kupanga crease. Izo zoperewerazo kusamutsidwa zakuthupi nthaka drawdown, amene amakonda m'chiwonongeko ndi kuwonongeka kwa wosanjikiza kukongoletsa pamwamba. Pamwamba, mukhoza kudzaza mchenga ndi kugona amaika mumsewu slabs, miyala, njerwa kapena amaika mumsewu miyala. Nthawi zina malo atangobwera kuwombera yabzalidwa kuwaika kapena udzu udzu.

Pomaliza

Information mmene yothetsa zofewa m'dera wakhungu maziko wononga-mulu, inali kuperekedwa pamwamba. Tiyenera kukumbukira apa kuti ntchito ayenera kuyamba ndi mapangidwe ndi olowa kukula. Izi adzalola chisindikizo mobisa ndi kuthetsa mapindikidwe wa kapu ya. Kugwira ntchito, inu mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito wosanjikiza awiri chuma denga. zofukulidwa Komanso imachitika. M'pofunika wofufuza ndi 0,3 mamita padziko kukafika kutsogolo kwa nyumbayo, ndipo lembani zipangizo ndi rammer. Pa chomaliza udzakhazikitsidwe ufa pamwamba aphimbidwa ndi amaika mumsewu matailosi kapena amaika mumsewu miyala.