Zoweta ndi achilendo mfundo Borisa Godunova mwachidule

Borisa Godunova ulamuliro ndi ochititsa chidwi chifukwa iye ndiye anakhala mfumu yoyamba ya Russia amene simuli a Rurik mafumu. Chilango ndi kusiyana maganizo pa zinthu zambiri. Tengani dziko pa kuwuka pambuyo yopuma khumi kuchokera oprichnina Ivana Groznogo wolamulira latsopano anali ndi mwayi osati kuthandiza dziko ziyambenso kwathunthu, komanso kuti akonze mafumu atsopano. Komabe, iye analephera. Pakuti uyu anali lonse osiyanasiyana zifukwa, tikambirana pansipa.

Inalowa ufumu

Boris Godunov a boyar banja, anatumikira kwa zaka zambiri pa bwalo Moscow. Komabe, kudzachitika wolemera akadali mnyamata watumikira osati maina a otchuka monga mphamvu zawo kupulumuka ku bwalo la Ivana Groznogo. Pa oprichnina iye anakwatira mwana Malyuta Skuratov - ndi chiyerekezo kwambiri a mfumu. Chifukwa cha ichi, adalowa bwalo la mfumu.

Atamwalira Ivana Groznogo mu 1584 kukwera mpando wachifumu anali mwana wake Fedor, kusiyana ndi kudwaladwala ndiponso chofooka mtsogoleri. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, bungwe la akuluakulu a regency analengedwa, zimene zinaphatikizapo olemekezeka wotchuka wa dziko. Posachedwapa, iwo onse anachotsedwa ntchito chifukwa cha kuguba bwalo yolimbirana mphamvu.

Popeza 1585, Boris analidi akulamulira yekha wa dziko, pokhala autocrat mbale boma. Fyodor anamwalira zaka 13 pambuyo pake, wosasiya olandira mwachindunji. Pachifukwa ichi, ufumu anadzozedwa ndi wotsatira wake wa abale. Komabe, mkati ndi kunja ndondomeko Borisa Godunova kuonedwa kuti mu zaka za regency wake.

mapulani tawuni

Pofika kumapeto kwa zaka za zana XVI mphamvu ya Moscow akupempha zikwi makilomita la bwinja. Chifukwa cha ichi chinali Kugonja wa Kazan, Astrakhan ndi Siberia khanate. mfundo zoweta Borisa Godunova sanathe kunyalanyaza nkhani zofunika kwambiri monga ndi kuthetsa magawo atsopano.

Kwambiri wofuna m'tauni chitukuko kuchuluka anayamba Volga. Apa m'malinga latsopano zinali zofunika kuonetsetsa chitetezo cha waterway lapansi. Anaonekera Samara, Saratov ndi Tsaritsyn (tsogolo Volgograd). The kulamulira m'dziko, yomwe ili kum'mwera kwa Oka ndi pamwamba anadwala Chitata anawazunza. Elec wabwezeretsedwa, anamanga mzinda wa Voronezh ndi Belgorod. Anapita adakali kawirikawiri ulendo ku Siberia kumene kulumikiza madera atsopano Cossacks anamanganso Tomsk. Pa nthawi yomweyo kulimbikitsa mzinda alipo. Mwachitsanzo, khoma latsopano anamangidwira mu Moscow.

Relations ndi mayiko ena

Zoweta ndi achilendo mfundo Borisa Godunova anali cholinga cha kutsimikizira zoti ulamuliro wake. Izi anatumikira ndi kukhudzana zonse ndi Europe, imene mfumu yatsopano anayesa kukhazikitsa yokha momasuka ndi zamtendere anzeru. Ngakhale pamene Theodore kuyamika mbale wake mu analephera kuthetsa nkhondo ndi Sweden. Mgwirizanowu mtendere anasaina pafupi Ivangorod, analoledwa kubwerera m'mayiko Russia Baltic, anataya ngakhale pambuyo zinalephereka Livonia nkhondo.

The mfundo yachilendo ya Boris Godunov, tebulo sipangakhalenso anasonyeza mu mawonekedwe a ojambula zambiri, anafotokoza kuti monga wolamulira kutali amene amamvetsetsa backwardness a dziko. Atalandira wachifumu wa mfumu yatsopano wodzazidwa bwalo lake alendo. Mu Moscow, anasonkhanitsa anthu olemekezeka, madokotala, akatswiri ndi akatswiri mu sayansi onse osiyana. Zaka zana pamaso Peter Ine kuloŵedwa m'malo anayamba kutumiza muno mu Europe maphunziro.

Special makonzedwe a mfumu British nazo. Ndi iwo anasaina mapangano malonda okhawo mu White Sea. Pakuti nzeru katundu Arkhangelsk inamangidwa.

Mu kugona ndi anansi kwambiri mabvuto - Zitsulo - wandale Boris Godunov Mwachidule, izo umalimbana kuteteza mtendere. vuto linanso - Crimea Chitata - bwino analimbikitsa. Mu 1591 asilikali awo anadza kwa Moscow, koma anali wosweka.

Vuto dynastic

Mfumu yatsopanoyi inali yofunika kwambiri kuonetsetsa tsogolo labwino la ufumuwo ndi kubereka ana. Izi anatumikira monga mkati / ndondomeko kunja Borisa Godunova. Ngati mwana wake Fyodor adakali wamng'ono ukwati, mwana Ksenia chabe kunapezeka kuti akhale mkwatibwi wangwiro. Mkwati kwa iye wapezeka Denmark. Iwo anakhala m'bale wake wa Mfumu Christian IV, John. Iye ngakhale anafika ku Moscow, koma pali anafa. Kumwalira mwadzidzidzi amapereka ufulu kuganiza kuti Mkwatibwi poizoni, koma sanapeze umboni okhwima izi.

Pambuyo pake, mfumu anafuna yolumikizana ana awo ukwati ndi wolemekezeka mabanja British, koma imfa Mfumukazi Elizabeth mu 1603 kupewedwa cholinga ichi.

kupondereza

Poopsa malo Mafumu kukula Muzisamala khalidwe la mfumu. mfundo zoweta Borisa Godunova yodziwika ndi tsankho kuti mpikisano amene amati mphamvu. Ndipo ngati poyamba mfumu ankachitira anamuperekeza wake mwachifundo, mu zaka zomalizira za ulamuliro wake m'bwalo maluwa whistleblowing. nthawi Chitsanzo kwa opals anakhala akapolo madandaulo ndi Kuzipeka umboni.

Zowawa Ankhondo ambiri otchuka wa banja, kuphatikizapo Romanovs. A msuwani wa mochedwa Fedor Fedor Nikitich anali mokakamiza tonsured monga Wansembe. Kenako, iye akhala tate wa mfumu yoyamba ya Romanov mafumu - Mikhail Fedorovich, ndiponso udindo wa mabishopu.

Kuvutitsa gawo pafupifupi chifukwa wosakhutira anthu ndi autocrat latsopano. khalidwe lake ndi zambiri ngati chizolowezi Ivana Groznogo, amene amakhala ndi vuto lodana ndi zinyengo za kuzunzidwa.

Njala komanso kuyesetsa kuthana nazo

zinthu anakula mu 1601, pamene dziko chifukwa cha nyengo yoipa, anataya ambiri a mbewu. Njalayo inatha zaka zingapo. Ngakhale kuti tsoka sanayambitse chifukwa vuto la mfumu, misa malodza ankapatsidwa kwa zimene zachitika, monga lalikulu lakumwamba kwa kudzitengera oletsedwa pa mpando wachifumu. Zoweta ndi achilendo mfundo Borisa Godunova anakhala amadalira maganizo a makalasi m'munsi.

Pofuna kupulumutsa zinthu, mfumu inalamula kuti amaundana mtengo wa buledi. muyeso wina anali kubwezeretsa Tsiku St. George, limene alimi akhoza kusintha mwininyumba awo. Komabe, zimenezi zinali pachabe. mfundo Kukhala anapitiriza kutha, ndipo wamba ndi chilengedwe Cossack, kuyamba chipolowe. Otchuka kwambiri zino ndi kugalukira wa thonje, United wamba 20 zigawo chapakati Russia. A khamu motley kuti ku Moscow ndipo agonjetsedwa ndi asilikali tsarist. Komabe, izi sizisintha dzikolo bwino.

Maonekedwe a wonamizira ndi

The zochitika pamwamba anali prerequisites yekha tsoka agwidwa Godunov. The miyezi ndondomeko mkati / kunja Borisa Godunova ankavutika zipolowe, adayima pa mutu wa wonamizira Grigoriy Otrepev, kunyengezera kukhala mwana wa mwana womwalirayo Ivana Groznogo.

Ngakhale bodza zosaneneka Lzhedmitry anasonkhana kwa iye ambiri mbali. Maziko a asilikali ake anakhala zigawo Cossacks kumadzulo. Wonamizira naonekera monga Rurik yotsiriza, ndiyeno anali ndi ufulu ofunda ufumu. asilikali ake kuti apambana anapita ku Moscow, koma linathyoka mu nkhondo ya dobrynichi mu Bryansk dera ano. Komabe wonyenga anapulumuka mu Putivl kumene iye anasonkhanitsa asilikali.

Tsoka la mafumu ndi makhalidwe a komiti

Against maziko a zinthu zimenezi, Boris Fedorovich anafa Moscow. mwana wake Fedor amalamulira kwa nthawi yochepa ndipo anaphedwa pambuyo kutha analanda mpando Zonama wotchedwa Dmitry. Godunov mafumu lafupika ndi dziko anayamba Smoot. Pachifukwa ichi, ndondomeko zoweta ndi achilendo Borisa Godunova kawirikawiri kudzudzulidwa monga chifukwa cha masoka wotsatira.

Komabe, zimenezi si zosakondera. mwachidule kuti, mfundo Borisa Godunova anali oyenera ndiponso yolondola. Komabe, fuko lomveka kale anapha kukayikirana ndi banal kulephera, monga anali naye kwa zaka zingapo m'dziko othamanga njala, popanda zomwe mwina sizinakhalepo Mavuto ndi leapfrog ufumu.

ngongole Special amapita ku mfundo yachilendo ya Boris Godunov. Mwachidule iye wolembedwa mu mbiri ya nthawi. Iwo anasindikiza ojambula zambirimbiri ku Ulaya ndi chitsutso bwino Crimea Chitata.