Ali Chernobyl pa mapu a Ukraine? ndi mtunda kuchokera Kiev ku Chernobyl chiyani?

Ali Chernobyl pa mapu a Ukraine, mwinamwake, osati amadziwa zonse Chiyukireniya, koma munthu masiku ano amene anali kuona zotsatira za zoopsa izi zopangidwa tsoka. Basi tsiku lina mu April 1986, dziko lonse aphunzira zokhudza tauni yaing'ono m'chigawo Kiev.

Pasanapite nthawi, anthu a m'deralo anathamangitsidwira kuchoka m'dera zakhudzana ndi cheza. Distance from Kiev ku Chernobyl ang'ono, otaya waukulu othawa anatilangizira likulu. Ambiri a iwo pa nthawi sankadziwa kuti iye anasiya nyumba yawo kwamuyaya. Kubwerera kapena kupita kukauona sizikanatheka kusiya kukumbukira yekha ndi zithunzi zakale.

Za izo, pamene pali Chernobyl pa mapu Ukraine, zomwe zinachitika zaka 30 zapitazo ndipo zimene mzinda ukhala lero, ndi ayankhidwa m'nkhaniyi.

kuwonongeka 1986

Tsoka chinachitika pa April 26 1986 pa dera la SSR Chiyukireniya. Kuphulika wakhala inawonongedwa chachinayi riyakitala nyukiliya magetsi ku Chernobyl, ndi zinthu zotakasika lalikulu zedi m'mlengalenga.

tsoka chiwerengero cha akufa ndi kuvulaza inali yaikulu mu mbiri ya mphamvu za nyukiliya. Kumagwa Chernobyl siteshoni ndipo mzindawo pa mapu a Ukraine, gawo la nthawi kuti adakali mu Soviet Union, inasanduka otchedwa zone akufa komwe kulibe anthu nkomwe moyo nyama, ngakhale mbalame ndimeyi, malinga anaona asayansi, kupewa malo amenewa.

Tikumbukenso kuti kuwonongeka monga kwambiri kwa chuma chonse cha dziko wavutika.

Kuthetsa mavuto a yaikulu anthu ogwira ntchito ndi luso ankagwira. Nawo anthu oposa 600 zikwi. Limene miyezi oyambirira ngozi anafa 310 ndipo pafupifupi 8000 anthu anaphedwa mu zaka 15. Ambiri avutika matenda cheza cha kusinthasintha mwamphamvu. Zoposa 100 zikwi. Anthu anasamutsidwa kuchoka m'madera pafupi ndi chomera.

M'tauni ya Chernobyl

Tiyeni tiyese kuuza zambiri mwatsatanetsatane za komwe Chernobyl lili pa mapu a Ukraine. Ang'ono nzinda (Ukraine dzina - Chornobyl). Kumene pamaso tsoka moyo anthu 12,5 yekha zikwi ili m'chigawo cha Kyiv dera Ivankov pa Mtsinje Pripyat, pafupi ndi mosungiramo Kiev.

Dzina amachokera kwa mbewu "chowawa" (Artemisia). Tsopano ndi kunyumba kwa ndodo ya makampani Chernobyl kupatulana zone ndi mokakamizidwa wasamuka, komanso anthu amene abwerera pambuyo pa ngoziyo. Ku Chernobyl ku Kiev mu molunjika mzere mtunda wa 83 Km, ndi mwa msewu - za 115 Km.

Kutchula koyamba kwa tauni chinakopedwa chiyambi cha m'ma XII. mazana angapo mayiko amenewa anali mchikakamizo cha Grand Duchy la Lithuania, ndi kokha pa mapeto a zaka za m'ma XVIII kunakhala mbali ya Russian Ufumu. Mbali yaikulu ya anthu m'zaka za m'ma XX anali Ayuda. Komanso apa tinkakhala Chiyukireniya ndi Polish wamba. Mu 1921, dera Chernobyl mbali ya Chiyukireniya Republic Soviet. Mu 1936, gulu la Polish anawabweza kwa Kazakhstan ndi Ayuda anaphedwa pa Nkhondo Yachiwiri ya World.

Chernobyl mphamvu za nyukiliya mbewu anamanga makilomita 10 kuchokera Chernobyl mu 70 ntchentche za m'ma XX.

The Chernobyl nyukiliya magetsi

The Chernobyl mphamvu za nyukiliya mbewu kwa iwo. V. I. Lenina anadziwika pambuyo pa tsokalo zimene zinachitika mu April 1986.

Tsopano mphamvu za nyukiliya zomera Ukraine alimira uli pansi pa Utumiki wa Environment. Pofuna kupewa kufala kwa dzuwa, ntchito inayambika unsembe wa sarcophagus pa mphamvu yachinayi, zimene ayenera kutha ndi 2016.

Nyukiliya magetsi inamangidwa chakumpoto kwa Ukraine, 11 Km from malire Chibelarusi, pa magombe a pa Pripyat Mtsinje.

Chibwenzi, kumadzulo kwa ukhondo oteteza dera NPP ndi tawuni mzimu wa Pripyat, ndi 18 Km (mu kum'mwera chakum'mawa) mzinda wa Chernobyl, anthu ogwira ntchito ndi ankakhala.

Ngati inu wofufuza mbiri, mukhoza kupeza mwamsanga kuti poyamba mayunitsi awiri Chernobyl zinamangidwa mu zaka zisanu ndi ziwiri - kuyambira mu 1970 mpaka 1977. Ntchito pa ntchito yomanga mayunitsi wachitatu ndi wachinayi anamalizidwa kulembedwa chaka cha 1983. Mu zaka za m'ma 80 anayamba ntchito yomanga gulu lachitatu (chachisanu ndi chimodzi mayunitsi mphamvu), koma pambuyo kuphulika mu 1986, ntchito yomanga chinthu anali inaimitsidwa.

Chernobyl Exclusion Zone

Ali Chernobyl pa mapu a Ukraine, mukhoza bwino kusonyeza amene anakhalako kapena ntchito m'deralo.

Mogwirizana ndi oopsa nyukiliya kuipitsidwa ozungulira m'madera NPP anaganiza kukhazikitsa zone kupatulana, kumene likulu mzinda wa Chernobyl.

Apa mfundo deactivation ndi kuika cheza zovuta polojekiti magalimoto akhala anaika. Mu palibe mwayi-m'dera zikuphatikizapo mabacteria zitatu:

• zone wapadera (CNPP mafakitale malo);
• makilomita 10;
• 30 kilometre.

mzinda kuyikidwa pa kampani kulamulira zili cheza mu chilengedwe ndi kuthandiza mabacteria zachilengedwe otetezeka. Komanso, ogwira ntchito Mia a Ukraine ali pano chinkhoswe mu chitetezo cha m'dera chatsekedwa.

The zinthu zachilengedwe lero

Ngakhale patapita zaka zambiri pambuyo ngozi chikhalidwe oopsa poyera kuti poizoniyu pa mlingo yaing'ono.

M'dera chatsekedwa kuzungulira Chernobyl kwambiri utachepa chiwerengero cha mbalame ndi tizilombo.

Other Asayansi akukhulupirira, pa mwake, kuti zachilengedwe chilengedwe ikusintha ndipo kuchipatala oopsa okha woyamba zaka ziwiri, ndi pa lotsatira zaka chake mlingo utachepa kwambiri. Mu lingaliro lawo, nyama ndi wotukuka chifukwa pakalibe kukopa anthu mu zone kutetezedwa wa kupatuka.

Chiyembekezo cha Chernobyl

Chakumapeto 2000, anaganiza kutsirizitsa ntchito ya Chernobyl mayunitsi mphamvu za nyukiliya tsekani, chomwe ndi mwambo wofunika kwa ntchito iliyonse nyukiliya magetsi.

Kugwira ntchito imeneyi Chernobyl anasiya kampani "Energoatom" ndipo analandira udindo wa boma apadera ntchito.

Pamaziko a msonkhano kukonza mu "Energoatom" bungwe "Atomremontservis, mu State zimene zigwirizana anthu oposa 700. Ambiri a ogwira ntchito ndi ogwira ntchito wakale wa dziko la nyukiliya magetsi. Maphunziro ndi pakati pangozi ya kampani "Energoatom" ndi antchito wakale Chernobyl.

Kaya tsogolo la m'dera m'tsogolo, mawu akuti "nyukiliya. Chernobyl. Kuwonongeka "adzakhalapo kosatha mu kukumbukira, mibadwo ambiri.