Amene analemba "Oblomov"? Mbiri ya buku la "Oblomov"

munthu aliyense akudzinenera kukhala bwino ndi maina kophunzira Lva Tolstogo, Ivan Turgenev, Fedora Dostoevskogo ndithu akhoza tchulani chitsanzo mayina a ena ntchito otchuka olemba izi. Koma amene analemba "Oblomov"? Amene anali wolemba? Ndipo n'chifukwa chiyani ngwazi za kutchuka kwake anakhala kotero wophiphiritsa?

Ana ndi achinyamata a wolemba tsogolo

Ivan Alekseevich Goncharov (amene analemba "Oblomov") anabadwira ku Simbirsk, tsopano amadziwika monga Ulyanovsk, mu 1812. Iye anali mwana wa munthu wamalonda wolemera. Koma Papa Ivan anamwalira zaka zisanu ndi ziwiri atabadwa mnyamata yaing'ono Ivan anabweretsa godfather, Nikolai Tregubova owolowa manja okonda achifumu. Iye anapeza Goncharova timapangira M'maso chikhalidwe ndi moyo ndi zovuta kuzimvetsa. Ivan Goncharov anaphunzira poyamba mu sukulu malonda mu 1822, kuphunzira kwa zaka eyiti. Nanga anakumbukira wolemba, izo zinali zaka womvetsa chisoni kwambiri ya moyo wake. Ivan sanathe kulekerera otsika khalidwe la maphunziro ndi njira okhwima chilango. chitonthozo wake yekha pa nthawi kudzipereka maphunziro.

maphunziro apamwamba ndi kuwonekera koyamba kugulu kope

Ndiyeno pa University Moscow, mu chikhalidwe cha ufulu ozindikira ndipo mtsutso mumangidwa mzimu Goncharova zambiri. Ivan pa maphunziro abale ndi alongo maganizo otchuka msinkhu wake, koma samalowa mu alionse a magulu wophunzira, amene anali wodzala ndi chikhulupiriro mu zolinga za nzeru German Achikondi.

Goncharov wakhala sanyalanyaza maganizo a kusintha chikhalidwe ndi maulamuliro, amene akukonda kwambiri pa nthawiyo. Zimakhala kuwerenga komanso kumasulira imene chachikulu. Mu 1832, machaputala awiri ku ntchito za Eugene Sue, yemwe anasamukira Ivan anasindikizidwa. Zinali kuwonekera koyamba kugulu lake kope.

Maphunziro ndi chiyambi cha moyo wamkulu

Nditamaliza maphunziro mu 1834 Goncharov atumikira pafupifupi zaka makumi atatu pamene boma. Choyamba, anabwerera kwawo kulowa ofesi ya kazembe wa Simbirsk, ndi chaka anasamukira ku St. Petersburg ndipo ndinayamba kugwira ntchito yomasulira ku Unduna wa Zachuma.

Mosiyana Otsutsa zolembalemba monga Turgenev kapena Tolstoy, Ivan Goncharov anakakamizika zofunika pa moyo, osati kudalira kulemba. Ivan, zedi, anadzakhala membala wa bwalo la zolembalemba, anakhazikitsidwa mu nyumba Maikova mpaka polemba ndakatulo. Koma posakhalitsa zonse idaleka kukhutiritsa ndakatulo. Ambiri a ndakatulo anali m'gulu Goncharov a buku "Wamba Nkhani" ngati Adueva ntchito. Chizindikiro kuti wolemba watha kuwatenga kwambiri.

Zolembalemba ntchito amene analemba "Oblomov". Photo ndi mlembi ntchito

The prose woyamba Goncharova anayamba kuwonekera mu "snowdrops". Ndi satirical buku "ikuthamangira Bolesta", limene kunyoza sentimentalism chikondi. Ndiye anadza sewero yolembedwa ndi zowawa za Comedy, ndi ntchito yapadera nthawi zambiri anali nkhani lotchedwa "Ivan Savich Podzhabrin". Choncho anayamba ntchito mabuku ndi amene analemba "Oblomov".

Ngakhale kuti Ivan anayamba kulemba kwa nthawi yaitali, woyamba ntchito yake yaikulu amasandulika "Wamba Nkhani". Iye limanena za zipolowe pakati pa kuvunda Russian otchuka ndi latsopano kalasi ogulitsa. Wotsutsa otchuka a nthawi , Vissarion Belinsky anafotokoza buku ndi kuukira pa romanticism achikale.

Wotchuka kwambiri mankhwala, kapena buku chachiwiri Ivan

Ndipo mu chaka chimene lidalembedwa "Oblomov"? Ivan Alekseevich Goncharov anayamba buku wake wachiwiri mochedwa 1840s, koma ndondomeko inali yowawa pa zifukwa zambiri. Mu chikwi mazana asanu ndi makumi asanu anatenga malo chachisanu cha m'Chibama kwa akuluakulu anapanga ulendo wopita ku England, Africa ndi Japan monga asilikali Mlembi Putiatina.

Only yochepa nkhani kapena nkhani lotchedwa "The Dream Oblomov. Zinachitika wa buku yosatha" linasindikizidwa mu 1849, amene pambuyo pake kuwonjezekeredwa monga "Dream Oblomov a" mu ntchito yomalizidwa ya Ivan.

Ndipo buku "Oblomov" woyamba anaonekera "Mfundo za Lathu" magazini mu 1859. Iwo zoyenera vuto la protagonist usinkhu wapakati. Chinthu chapadera cha Ili Ilicha ndi maganizo aulesi moyo. wolemba ankafotokozedwa khalidwe lake ndi chisoni, ngakhale iye anali mwini wake wa amazikonda anthu otchuka.

Nkhani yaikulu mu ntchito ya Ivan

Kuti makamaka chidwi owerenga yosavuta? Izi koposa zonse, zimene mankhwala, osati munthu yemwe analemba izo. "Oblomov" - ndi buku, limene limafotokoza tsogolo la mwininyumba Ili Ilicha, ndipo pa maziko a nkhani iyi wolemba mu ntchito yake akulankhula nkhani zambiri zofunika zinayang'ana anthu Russian m'zaka za m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chinayi. Izi kupanda pake kwa nzika ambiri ndi olemekezeka anthu, ndi ubale pakati pa mamembala a magulu osiyanasiyana, monga Oblomov ndi mtumiki wake Zakhar.

The mbali yaikulu - ndi mnyamata wokongola njonda, koma zikuoneka kuti iye sangathe kusankha zinthu zofunika kapena kuyamba kanthu kwambiri. Kwa ntchito lonse, sanali masamba chipinda wake kapena bedi. Komanso, pamene woyamba masamba makumi asanu za Ile Ilichu smartly kwambiri amalowerera kuti amusiye iye.

Kutanthauza mankhwala odziwika

Ivan Alekseevich Goncharov (amene analemba "Oblomov" buku) mwina sankaganiza kuti ntchito yake idzakhala wotchuka, amene akanati zoika amaonekera kwambiri pa chikhalidwe Russian. Komanso, ntchito ya Goncharova kuwonjezera mawu atsopano mu chinenero cha Chirasha. Dzina la chikhalidwe zazikulu zambiri ntchito pofotokoza munthu amene akusonyeza mbali ya aulesi ndi chidwi umunthu ofanana ndi khalidwe la buku la.

mankhwala chifukwa kuzindikira agwirizana owerenga komanso ofufuza. Panali anthu amene analemba kuti: Oblomov - ndi munthu wotsiriza mu mzere "amuna superfluous" pambuyo Onegin, Pechorin, ndi Rudin mu kuvunda ang'onoang'ono Russia. Nikolay Dobrolyubov anafotokoza kuti buku omwe anamasuliridwa kuti kutsogolo ndi pansi ndi kusanthula mozama zinthu zofunika kwambiri a chi. A wapadera ulesi kuti kumabweretsa okha wa munthu.

Zaka zomalizira za moyo wa wolemba wotchuka ndi wotsutsa

Awa ndi mavuto padziko lonse akhoza kuzithetsa ntchito yake, amene analemba "Oblomov". Komabe, Ivan sanali wakhama wolemba. Atalemba atatu okha a buku lake. zaka khumi pambuyo buku la buku "Oblomov" akupita chidutswa china chotchedwa "wosweka", amenenso ali wopambana kwambiri ndi owerenga.

Goncharov inakonza ndi buku chachinayi, koma loto konse anavala. M'malo mwake, iye akukhala wotsutsa, ndi kuvumbitsira zambiri ed mabuku ndemanga. Pofika kumapeto kwa moyo wake Ivan analemba memoir modabwitsa limene mlandu Otsutsa wake wa plagiarism mabuku ntchito yake. Iye anafa St. Petersburg September 24, 1891 kuchokera chibayo.

Anapatsira moyo wa wolemba chidwi ndi wotsutsa Ivana Alekseevicha Goncharova - amene analemba buku "Oblomov". Yerekezerani kuti tsopano amadziwika kuti aliyense wa sukulu. mankhwala A si otchuka, komanso amakonda mwa kugulu.