Amene anapha Achilles? Ancient Greek nthano

Izi ngwazi Greek, amene anali pamodzi ndi asilikali zana masauzande pansi makoma a Troy, ndipo wakhala khalidwe chapakati Homer a ndakatulo Iliad, pali kuti kuyambira nthawi makedzana owonjezera kunyada kwa anthu. Gods mowolowa manja am'chitira, kulimba mtima, kukongola ndi otchuka. Iye mosatsata moyo wake mu chinthu chimodzi chokha - chimwemwe.

ana wachivundi anthu a Olympus

About amene izi Achilles tikudziwa pa ntchito za olemba ambiri akale, wotchuka kwambiri ndi otchuka amene ali Homer. Kuyambira masamba a ndakatulo wake wosafa timaphunzira kuti milungu Greek , ukhale pamwamba pa Phiri la Olympus, ndinkakonda kubwera pansi, ndi kulowa m'banja ndi amuna munthu, njira imodzi kapena wina oyenera ulemu uwu.

Ngati inu mukukhulupirira nthano zakale ku mabungwe awa anabadwa yekha otchulidwa kuti kuphatikiza mndandanda wosatha ubwino, kuwayika iwo pamwamba pa anthu ena onse a padziko lapansi, amene moyo iwo kubweretsa dongosolo ndi mgwirizano. Only vuto lina mosatsata chokwanira awo chimwemwe - anabadwa zivundi.

Mwana wa mfumu ya dziko lapansi ndi nyanja wamkazi

Izo zinachitika kuti mfumu Peleus ftiysky inayake anatembenukira mutu wa nyanja wamkazi Thetis. Iye anapeza njira pansi pa mtima kwa mayiyo, ndi chipatso cha mphindi ake kufooka anali lodziwika bwino Achilles tinalandira kuchokera kwa mayi ake ubwino onse chibadidwe milungu, koma atate wake anakhalabe wachivundi.

Pofuna kudzaza kusiyana ichi, Thetis wayambira kwa zipangizo akale ndi kutsimikiziridwa, kutsitsa nthawi yomweyo pambuyo pa kubadwa mwa madzi a Styx Mtsinje, zomwe zimapita ku kumidima. Kuyambira zonsezi thupi khanda ndi chidafundidwa ndi wosaoneka koma moti chipolopolo, amene sangathe udzaphwanya zida iliyonse. Kupatulapo anali kokha chidendene, umene mayi ake namgwira Iye, akuponya m'madzi.

Zinali osatetezeka wake yekha banga, ndipo zobisika. Koma kuyang'ana patsogolo, tiyenera kunena kuti amene wapha Achilles, ndipo anamaliza moyo wake, ngakhale kuti khama Thetis ngati munthu wamba, anadziwa za izo. Ndipo dzina la wakupha adzakhala analengeza mpaka kumapeto kwa nkhaniyi, kuti kuti asaswe malamulo a mtundu wanyimbo osati kuchepetsa kukula kwa chiwembu cha intrigue.

Akuthandizeni wamng'ono kalonga

Pakuti maphunziro a tsogolo la atate ngwazi za anatola akuthandizeni ake awiri. Mmodzi wa iwo anali wokalamba ndi wanzeru Phoenix, amene ankaphunzitsa mnyamata makhalidwe abwino, mankhwala ndi Kuwonjezera ndakatulo, popanda zomwe m'masiku amenewo chikanapitirizidwira ndi mbuli boor. The chachiwiri anakhala centaur dzina lake Chiron.

Mosiyana ndi atsogoleri anzawo - zolengedwa kuchenjera ndi sioneka, iye anali wolemekezeka ndi omasukirana ndi ubwanawe. chiphunzitso chake zonse Komabe, kuonetsetsa kuti anadyetsa Achilles 'bearish ubongo ndi mikango yokazinga. Koma ngati chakudya bwino anapindula mnyamata, ndi zaka khumi anali mosavuta kuphedwa ndi manja ace ndi Boar zakutchire kuti andipeze ndi mbawala yamphongo.

Thawirani chilumba cha Skyros

Pamene nkhondo inayambika, Agiriki ndi anzawo ambiri anathamangira kwa mpanda wa Troy, kumene malamulo a Mfumukazi Helena, anazindikira mkazi wokongola kwambiri wa nthawi zonse, ngwazi athu anali khumi. Mwa njira, mfundo imeneyi zimathandiza inu kudziwa chimodzimodzi amadziwika Achilles ankakhala chaka chomwe. Chiyambi cha ku Trojan nkhondo Akatswiri a mbiri yakale nawonso wa XIII ndi atumwi XII BC, zikutanthauza kuti iye anabadwa cha m'ma 1215 BC. AD kapena.

Wamkazi Thetis, ngakhale kuti mwana wake pansi pa madzi Sixx kumupanga iye anavomereza pafupifupi wosafa Komabe, kufa kwa Achilles. Anaganiza kuti pachiswe ndi kuteteza ku msonkhano, imene iye anali kutenga nawo mbali. Kuti zimenezi zitheke, mphamvu ya mulungu wamkazi wa matsenga ankatembenukira mwana ku chilumba cha Skyros, kumene atavala ngati mkazi kubisalira yolembedwa usilikali m'gulu lankhondo mwa ana aakazi a mfumu m'dera Lycomedes, kukhulupirira zilizonse kudzisunga wake.

wochenjera Odysseus

Koma posakhalitsa, mtsogoleri wa Ahelene, Agamemnon waphunzira kuli Achilles ndi Odysseus anamuitanitsa. Pamaso pake panali mtumiki m'malo piquant ntchito - kuzindikira wamng'ono damsels amene anabisala pansi zovala mkazi ubwana wake. Ndipo Odysseus athane ndi izo mokongola.

Ananamizira ngati wamalonda, nayika pamaso mafumu ndi nsalu yapamwamba, zodzikongoletsera, ndi zinthu zina zimene akazi nthawi zonse kufooka, ndipo pakati pa iwo, monga momwe anali mwangozi anasiya lupanga. Antchito a gulu lake lofalitsidwa mfuwu ya nkhondo, atsikana onse anathawa shrieking, ndipo mmodzi yekha wa iwo anamugwira chida powapatsa mwamuna ndi wankhondo.

Limodzi rookie imene ikuchitika chisumbu chonse. Anadandaula Mfumu Lycomedes, ndipo pogwidwa mwana wake wamng'ono Diedamiya, m'mimba umene uli mwezi wachisanu anali kupeza mphamvu mwana wa Achilles (ngwazi - wopambana mu zonse).

Hero wa mantha mdani

Pansi makoma a Troy, Achilles sanabwere ndekha, koma limodzi ndi asilikali zikwi zana amene anatumizidwa kwa iye ndi bambo ake, Mfumu Peleus, ukalamba akumanidwa mwayi kutenga mbali kuzinga mzinda. Adapereka mwana wake zida linapanga mwa iye kamodzi Hephaestus mulungu ndi kukhala katundu zamatsenga. Wankhondo, mundilanda iwo, anakhala losagonjetseka.

Mu ndakatulo yake "The Iliad," Homer amafotokoza kuti, pogwiritsa ntchito mphatso ya atate, mwana kwa zaka zisanu ndi zinayi nkhondo, kubweretsa mantha kwa Trojans, ndi kulanda mzinda akutiakuti. Chifukwa cha mphamvu zamatsenga, kuyikidwa pa iye madzi a Styx, komanso zida atate wake, iye anali invulnerable kwa mdani, koma amene anapha Achilles mu Trojan nkhondo (zimene timaphunzira m'munsimu), ankadziwa mfundo wofooka, ndipo mpaka nthawi anakhalabe mu mithunzi.

Nsanje, ukapolo wa moyo wa wankhondo

ntchito ambirimbiri wachita Achilles, udachita iye yotchuka kwambiri pakati pa asilikali wamba ndipo anamupangitsa nsanje, wakutha ndi mkulu mkulu Agamemnon. Amadziwika kuti kumverera otsika nthawi zonse limalimbikitsa anthu khalidwe loipa, ndipo nthawi zina ngakhale upandu. Ndinali nazonso ndipo kapitawo Greek.

Tsiku lina, pobwerera anaukira chizolowezi, Achilles mwa kupanga ena kwambiri nadzagwidwa ndende, amene bambo Chris anali wansembe wa Apollo. Agamemnon, masuku pamutu udindo wake anatenga Achilles ake, imene kodi simusamala, monga ndiye chidwi ndi zina kapolo mtsikana wina dzina lake Briseis.

Posachedwa wansembe Kalanga mumsasa Greek ndipo anapempha mwana wake dipo wolemera, koma anakana. Mosimidwa, anaitanitsa thandizo la Apollo, ndipo iye analowa malo a atumiki ake, adatsitsa pa olakwa mwana wake mliri. Agiriki analibe nthawi kuyika akufa. Ali pakati pawo Kalhant yamaula, popeza analankhulana ndi milungu adati imfa sangayimire kumbuyo mpaka Chris wolandira mwana wake, nsembe Apollo kulemera.

Agamemnon anali kumvera, koma paikidwa Kubwezerana anatenga kuchokera wokondedwa wake Briseis Achilles ndi kuti nsembe kwa mulungu. Khalidwe yemweyo meanly nkhanza ndi kunyozedwa pamaso pa izo asilikali wamng'ono. Zimenezi n'zimene anakhala aliyense modzidzimutsa monga woyamba mkulu anali wotchuka chifukwa cha osati wolimba, komanso ndithu njonda. Palibe kukaika kuti palibe popanda matsenga. Ngakhale zambiri, n'zotheka kuti kuziwerenga zoyipa Iye adatsitsa ndi amene anapha Achilles kumapeto kwa ndakatuloyi retells ife. Koma dzina lake adzakhala analengeza ina.

manyazi nsanje

Mosavuta chipongwe ndi mosatsata akapolo ake abwino, Achilles anakana kupitiriza nawo nkhondo kuposa ndi chimwemwe choposa Trojans kunjenjemera kwa mmodzi mwa mtundu wake. Kuwonekera pa m'mphepete mwa nyanja, anaitana kuchokera mu kuya kwake mayi ake nyanja wamkazi Thetis, ndi kumva nkhani yake, iye anapempha Zeus, mulungu wamkulu kuthandiza Trojans kugonjetsa asilikali a Agamemnon ndi kuwasonyeza kuti popanda Achilles akudikira chili pafupi imfa.

Ndipo kotero izo zinachitika. Wololera Zeus anapereka mphamvu kwa Trojans, ndipo anayamba nkhanza afafanize adani awo. Ngoziyi kunkaoneka, ndi chinyozo nsanje chochita koma poyera, pamaso pa asilikali onse chomwecho kubweretsa Achilles kupepesa ndi malipiro a chiwonongeko cha Briseis kumupatsa ochepa kapolo wokongola.

zochuluka aposachedwapa a Achilles

Zitatha izi Achilles magnanimous akhululukidwa watilakwira ndi mochititsa ngakhale wamkulu analowa zokometsera mzindawo. Nthawiyi ndi imodzi mwa zochuluka kwambiri munthu wodziwika - chigonjetso mu masewera ndi mtsogoleri Trojans Hector. Achilles ndi wokhoza kuti iye kuthamanga, koma atatu, athamangadi kuzungulira makoma a Troy, ndi pamenepo pokha anamulasa ndi mkondo.

Koma milungu sanafune kuti Achilles umboni kugwa kwa Troy, ndipo iwo anachita amene anapha Achilles. Asanamwalire, anapanga ft wake wotsiriza - anapambana chigonjetso pa gulu la Amazons okongola, koma wonyenga ndi woipa, amene anathandiza wa Trojans, motsogoleredwa ndi mtsogoleri wawo Penfesileey.

imfa ya Achilles

Olemba akale kwakukulukulu akutsutsana, mu moyo wa Achilles koma agwirizana mu chifanizo cha maola ake omaliza. Malinga ndi umboni wawo, tsiku lina anayesa kuthyola mu mzinda anazinga kudzera pachipata waukulu. Mwadzidzidzi, njira watsekedwa, wina kuposa Apollo iyemwini, koma ndithu yanjanitsidwani ndi Agiriki pambuyo nkhani ya mwana wa wansembe wake.

Apollo, ndithudi, mukudziwa amene Achilles. chakuti, wobvala Korona wa ulemerero wokongola milungu, iye anali ndi kaduka manyazi ndi nsanje poyerekezera ndi munthu, ine ndikuganiza, ngati iye, lokongola. Za harmfulness wa kumverera uku otsika anthu kale amatchulidwa mu nkhani yathu, mu nkhani iyi, iwo mawanga ndi dzina la mulungu wa.

Achilles kutsekereza msewu, koma akuyembekezera Komabe mwaulemu mankhwala ake, m'malo analandira mfuu mwano komanso anamuopseza kuti adzalasidwa ndi nthungo, ngati ora lomwe lino adzachotsa kwa msewu. Akhumudwitsidwa Apollo munatula, koma kuti apange kubwezera wake nthawi yomweyo.

Komanso olemba osiyana mu Pofotokoza zomwe zinachitika. Malinga ndi Baibulo lina, Apollo yekha tiyeni watilakwira pambuyo muvi oopsa, ndipo iye amene anapha Achilles. Pa ena, ndi zoipa ali Mulungu wansanje analangiza Paris wa - mwana wa Trojan mfumu m'deralo. Koma ngati muvi kugunda Achilles wake yekha malo osatetezeka, amene yekha Apollo mukudziwa, palibe angatsutse kuti anatuma ukuuluka ake. Aliyense anapha Achilles chidendene, sadathe kudziwa zinsinsi wake. Choncho, ngwazi kupha zimachitika Apollo - wokongola kwambiri wa milungu, koma analephera kuthetsa maganizo otsika komanso wosalabadira.

History Achilles anauzira gulu la ndakatulo wakale amene anadzipereka ntchito zawo kwa iye, ena amene afika masiku athu. Ambiri a iwo ankaona zitsanzo zabwino kwambiri za ndakatulo wakale Greek. Palibe kukaika kuti kutchuka wamkulu Homer udachita wake ndakatulo wotchuka "The Iliad." Nayenso anabereka imfa ya Achilles otchuka akuti - "Achilles chidendene", kutanthauza chofooka, malo osatetezeka.