Ndi Demos chiyani? Tanthawuzo la mbiriyakale

ndi Demos chiyani? Malinga ndi matanthauzo a otanthauzira onse, ndi - aufulu, osati zokhudzana ndi apamwamba, koma okhala ndi ufulu wonse boma. mawu amabwera kwa ife kuchokera Greece wakale (Demos - anthu). Choncho, kubvesa bwino Demos, thandizo ulendowu mu mbiri. Tiyeni tionenso zimene zinachitika pa masiku makedzana ...

Kulimbana ndi apamwamba

Kulimbana pakati pa anthu apamwamba ndi Demos anayamba pa chiyambi cha BC VI atumwi. Kodi Demos kwenikweni, ndipo monga gawo amphamvu a anthu a, olemekezeka kumvetsa mofulumira kwambiri. Opandukawo anafuna ufulu wodzilamulira dziko, chiyembekezo chakuti ukapolo (ngongole) ndi kusokonekera kwa dziko.

Mantha wamagazi kumenyana ndi mphekesera za kwayandikirako ambiri kugalukira, olemekezeka mwaphuma kufunafuna njira kunja. Pa msonkhano onse otchedwa ndi kazembe m'malo mwa Solon anasankhidwa. Munthu uyu amalemekezedwa ndi "wamba" ndipo "zowonjezera". Zimenezi n'zimene staked apamwamba, poganiza kuti Solon akhoza kuyanjanitsa zipani ndi kufikira kukondera popanda kukhetsa magazi. Wolamulira watsopano kuchokera ndithu m'banja lapamwamba, koma sanali a munthu wolemera. Iye ankachita nawo apanyanja malonda (wolemekezeka chinthu ku Greece) anali wanzeru ndiponso moona mtima kwambiri.

Solon anatenga ulamuliro wa Athens. Iye anayamba ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa malamulo atsopano omwe yomweyo opezeka pa matabwa lalikulu matabwa ndi kuvala m'dera mumve. Zinali 504 BC. e.

kusintha Solon a

Kusintha kwenikweni limatanthauza kusintha. ndi kusintha anakhazikitsa Solon chiyani?

1. Quashed miyala (kukwezedwa) ngongole (anamasulidwa Anagwiranso ndiponso kuletsedwa kugulitsa ku ukapolo ukapolo munthu).

2. Ine anasintha dongosolo la poyeza.

3. Kulimbikitsa chitukuko cha zamanja ndi malonda.

ndipo lisinthe zinachitikadi.

1. Onse a ku Attica (amuna) anali nzika ananena nawo ntchito zomwezo ndi ufulu. Komabe, gulu la kampaniyo anali anadzetsa siyana, momwe poyamba anali olemekezeka, wachiwiri - pa kumuwombera, wachitatu - Demos iwo - akapolo.

2. Assembly Anthu anali limba wapamwamba wa mawu chifuniro cha anthu.

3. Oweruza tsopano anatha olemekezeka osati Demos lapansi.

chiyembekezo chakuti

Ngongole miyala ku minda kuchotsedwa. Alimi jubilant: potsiriza mangawa akhululukidwa! Podziwa chimene Demos, ndi losavuta kumvetsa kuti kudziwa "gwirani" chabe chifukwa ngodya anthu wamba. Ena analemera, anthu ena osauka. Dziko la Attica dzina lake Solon kapolo amene anali potsiriza ufulu. Kodi kwenikweni, koona. Tsopano, malinga ndi lamulo la archon wolemekezeka, munthu akhoza kubwereka yekha pansi katundu wawo. Kulipira ngongole ku ukapolo choletsedwa. Ufulu anamasulidwa amangawa onse. Komanso, Solon analamula younikira pansi iwo anagulitsa kunja, ndi kugulanso ndi ndalama boma. Pakati anabwerako, ena aiwala m'chinenero chawo.

Tsopano mu Athens alendo yekha anali akapolo.

Dziwani mosatsata ubwino

Tsopano olemekezeka sankatha kuthamanga dziko monga poyamba. Archon akhoza kukhala munthu wolemera, kaya mlingo wa otchuka. Oimira Demos limene sadatha kupeza zikomo chuma malonda apanyanja, ndi zombo ndi nyumba kukhala minda akapolo kwambiri, akhoza kutenga udindo uwu. zochitika zofunika kwambiri boma zinakambidwa koma tsopano pa Assembly National aliyense, limene anthu onse (ufulu Atene).

khoti masankho ndipo zimafika malamulo chankhanza unakhazikitsidwa. Kwa nthawi yoyamba pa loweruza angakhale wosaukayo zaka 30, mlandu kale. Woweruza anatsimikiza mtima anawachitira maere. Misonkhano kumva ali ndi ufulu Aatene onse. Pambuyo zokamba, wozenga, mboni ndi mlandu anayamba molemekeza chinsinsi zomwe zinachitikadi ndi kuponya miyala mu chotengera chimodzi (Black - "olakwa", woyera - kuti "kulungamitsa"). Pomwepo imachitikira ndi ochuluka: chigamulo cha bwalo pafunika zimene miyalayo inali, ndipo ngati mavoti ali mofanana wogawanika, wozengedwa limasuka. Zingatanthauze kuti kukondera apezeka, ndi osayanjanitsika kukufika. Komabe ...

Solon masamba Athens

Kodi Demos, ndi chimene chimaoneka kuchokera mkati, ndipo anaphunzira posachedwa osankhidwa kazembeyo. "Anafika mu zochitika za wamkulu zonse mwakamodzi zovuta ... Pamene onse cheered, koma ine ndaona kuchokera diso zoipa ..."

Ndipotu, Solon si aliyense sakondwela (ngakhale kuti iye kwambiri), iyenso anadza udani yekha. Olemera adakwiya kulipira ngongole ndi kulandidwa ufulu ntchito mphamvu, osauka ankafunanso dziko kusokonekera. Solon anaganiza zochoka ku dziko nkhani ankaimbidwa malonda. Iye anapita kwa zaka zambiri, ndiyeno komabe kubwerera kwawo. "Ndimakonda mimbulu zikuuluka mwa agalu ..."

Koma ndi malamulo a Solon, anakhala maziko a demokalase.