Anachokera - ndi chiyani ichi? exegesis m'Baibulo

Anachokera - wapadera gawo la zamulungu. Iwo anamasulira Baibulo kapena malemba ena aliwonse wopatulika. Mokulira ichi ndi chiphunzitso cha kutanthauzira malemba, kawirikawiri akale amene anapanga maziko a chipembedzo chinachake. Chinthu chimodzi malemba awa ndi tanthauzo awo oyambirira, monga ulamuliro, si Tikatenga kuchuluka kwa zaka kuchokera zinalembedwa ndi kuteteza chosakwanira.

tanthawuzo

Anachokera - ndi sayansi okuta kuphunzira kalembedwe ka lemba. Ndi kuvomerezedwa kuti nawonso kuphunzira zenizeni za mbiri yakale, zimene lemba lisanalengedwe. Nthawi zambiri zimathandiza kukhazikitsa tanthauzo lenileni la nkhaniyo olembedwa. Palinso kafukufuku maganizo.

Anachokera anatsegula ife lina, wotchuka kwambiri sayansi - hermeneutics. Maina amenewa nthawi zambiri molakwika ntchito ngati ofanana, koma izo siziri. Hermeneutics, monga kuyenera exegesis, ndi chinkhoswe mu akutanthauzira mitundu yonse ya kulankhulana - ndi olembedwa, ndi kunyozedwa ndi anthu omwe si mawu. Anachokera zimathandiza yekha ndi malemba.

Anachokera of Christianity

sizachilendo m'Baibulo exegesis. Akhristu ambiri kumasulira Baibulo mosiyana. Motero gulu la Orthodox ndi Akatolika, komanso zikamera wa nthambi zina kuchokera ku mpingo waukulu - Reformed, Anglican. Koma kwenikweni kutanthauzira onse Lemba sachoka mfundo ziwiri.

Loyamba ndilochokera kuti Baibulo palokha - ndi vumbulutso la Mulungu. Aliyense analemba, Owuziridwa pamwamba. Motero, exegesis ayenera kuyang'ana mwa lemba lililonse ndi matanthauzo awiri, ndi chofunika kwambiri ndipo si nthawi zonse bwino chionetsedwe.

Palinso maganizo. Otchedwa zomveka exegesis - chiphunzitso Wochokera pozindikira kuti amene analemba Baibulo anali anthu wamba. Choncho tanthauzo la analembedwa ayenera anafuna mwa mavuto a nyengo ya pamene malemba lisanalengedwe. Komanso makhalidwe ndi katundu wa khalidwe munthu wa anthu amene analenga malemba awa.

Comments Malemba

Mtundu ambiri exegesis Chikhristu - ndi ndemanga pa Baibulo. Monga ulamuliro, iwo ali Mipikisano buku ntchito, zimene ngati buku kuposa kufotokozera kwa kaundula wamkulu wa mmodzi wa akuluakulu a zipembedzo.

Aliyense wa mabuku a mawu oterowo laperekedwa kwa mabuku chimodzi kapena zingapo za m'Baibulo. Kwa XX atumwi, ndemanga kulenga ndi kutanthauzira wolemba, mosamala ndi mwatsatanetsatane anafotokoza amayi ake a malemba opatulika. Masiku ano mawu monga amalenga gulu la olemba, omwe ndicho kupenda limodzi mwa mabuku.

Comments zimasiyana ndi njira imodzi wina kumasulira mabuku osiyanasiyana a m'Baibulo. Kawirikawiri izo zimatengera chipembedzo, amene alinso ndi wolemba. Iwo kusiyana ndi zolondola, kuya, mphamvu yapadera ndi zamulungu lingaliro.

Mu Chikatolika, pali ngakhale malo apadera komwe anachokera la Malemba Opatulika - Chofunika kwambiri, zimene anthu awo. Mu Protestant mwambo wa kutanthauzira Baibulo chinkhoswe ku mayunivesite. Akatswiri ambiri mu munda ntchito mu US ndi Germany.

Ntchito exegesis ndi

Pakati pa Orthodox anaona ntchito yaikulu imene wolemba Andrew Desnitsky - ". Mau oyamba exegesis m'Baibulo"

Ntchito imeneyi pofuna kubweretsa kwa chimodzi chimene, zithunzi zosiyanasiyana za malemba opatulika, zomwe zili mwa mitundu yonse ya masukulu achipembedzo ndi zitukuko, mabwalo m'Baibulo. Ganizo akulemba ntchito imeneyi anabadwa Desnitsky anamasulira Baibulo m'zinenero zina. Zinali ndiye kuti anaona kuti ambiri ndazindikira bukuli mosiyana.

M'masukulu onse Orthodox zofunikila kuphunzira mawu a m'Baibulo, koma sindinali kuphunzitsa kuphindula izo.

Poyamba izo zimayenera kukhala Chiongoko othandiza kwa omasulira Baibulo Koma nthawi Desnitsky anazindikira kuti akatswiri pang'ono ndithu, kotero akulemba buku zokhudzana ndi bwalo ochepa owerenga, ndi zosayenera.

Kotero ine kupeza zolemba aliyense amene akufuna kudziwa molondola tanthauzo lenileni la malemba a m'Baibulo. Ndipotu, m'lingaliro waukulu, onse amene kuwerenga mabuku achipembedzo pochita zinthu ndi kumasulira, akuyesera kuti afotokoze okha kuti pakuika izi kapena zina mawu.

wotchuka nawonso amasangalala "anachokera kwa Chipangano Chatsopano." Mlembi wake - Gordon amalipiritsa. Mothandizidwa ndi ophunzira a sukulu zamulungu ndipo abusa mumvetsa maulaliki mfundo. Pezani malangizo ndi chitsogozo.

Anachokera kwa Old Testament anakopeka olemba zambiri wakale ndi anzeru. Zokambirana pa nkhaniyi angapezeke mu Ioanna Zlatousta, Blazhennogo Avgustina, Philo.

Anachokera ku Chiyuda

wamba kwambiri exegesis Chiyuda. Ngakhale ali akuti yake kwa sayansi - meforshim. Kutanthauzira malemba opatulika ntchito angapo zolembalemba.

Mwachitsanzo, Mishnah. Izi ndi malemba oyambirira mu Chiyuda, zomwe zikuphatikizapo chakudya yaikulu ya orthodox malangizo achipembedzo chiphunzitso chimenechi. The Mishnah zikuphatikizapo chilamulo chapakamwa, limene, mogwirizana ndi nthano, anaperekedwa kwa Mose pa phiri la Sinai. M'kupita kwa nthawi, panali nkhawa kuti chiphunzitso m'kamwa aiwala ndi kutha kwa kukumbukira anthu, choncho anaganiza zoti alembe.

Pali ndemanga ambiri pa Mishnah, zomwe ndi maziko a exegesis Ayuda. Wotchuka kwambiri analembedwa ndi wapaulendo ndi rabbi, Rabbi Ovadia, amene anakhalapo zaka za m'ma XV. Izo ndiye Bartonura kapena Bertinura. Mu zolemba zake, iye anafotokoza timapepala onse m'gulu la Mishnah, kuyesera kupereka kutanthauzira zonse ndi mwatsatanetsatane ya aliyense wa iwo.

Talmud

Mwina buku otchuka kwambiri, zoyenera Chiyuda ndi Talmud. Amakhala ndi mabuku dazeni, omwe anafotokoza mwatsatanetsatane za malamulo ndiponso achipembedzo koyenela malo a Chiyuda.

Asayansi ntchito pa ndemanga pa Talmud, akadali yogwira ndi yachonde. lemba zonse Amasintha kwa nyengo zachilengedwe, zimene wolemba moyo. Choncho exegesis - ndi sayansi kuti mwina nthawi kusintha malo zazikulu ngati ndemanga ya patapita zaka atsegula zatsopano pa nthawi ndi miyambo, nthawi pamene ndiAmene malemba moyo.

magazini atsopano mwa mipukutu amagwiritsidwa imatuluka nthawi zonse, womwe unali pa maziko a mabuku loyamba la Talmud. Mwina ndemanga kwambiri pa Talmud, Rabbi Eliya analemba.

Comments wodzipereka kwa Talmud kuonekera chaka. Komanso, zinenero zosiyanasiyana. Imodzi mwa ntchito kwambiri wofuna mu XX atumwi anachita odziwika bwino Israeli katswiri Adini Shteynzalts. Iye ali ndi Titanic ntchito yomasulira ndi kusamalira ndemanga zogwirizana ndi Talmud osati m'Chiheberi, komanso zinenero zotchuka kwambiri padziko - English, Russian, French ndi ena. cholinga chake chinali choti Chiyuda anakhala kumvetsa komanso Kufikika kugulu.

Mu lofalitsidwa Talmud awo anafotokoza tanthauzo la mawu ambiri ndi mfundo achikale. Pankhaniyi, ndi akuluakulu a chikale mabuku ake anyozedwa pokhala kwambiri lotayirira, monga ena, kutanthauzira ndi yomasulira.

midrash

Midrash - wina gawo wotchuka kwambiri Torah Oral, amene timapezamo mwambo mu exegesis. Pamafunikanso kusanthula ndi kutanthawuzira wa kamba chifungulo cha ziphunzitso Ayuda kuti zili osati kulankhula komanso Torah olembedwa.

Ofufuzawa dziwani kuti olemba wa Midrash anasamala mwapadera mbali stylistic ndi zamalankhulidwe Malemba. Onse zachilendo kuti ankakumana, kunaoneka ndi iwo monga amanena kuti tanthauzo lake lopatulika. Iwo akuyesa kupeza njira zonse zotheka akutanthauzira lembalo.

Choncho, ngakhale anaonekera mneni wapadera, amene ali wamba kwambiri Chiyuda - "darash". Iye akufunafuna wopatulika tanthauzo lapadera malemba opatulika, chilakolako kudziwa, kuti padera mu lemba, olemba zaka zambiri zapitazo.

Anachokera mu chi Hindu

Anachokera ndi ofanana mu chi Hindu. Kutanthauzira malemba Hindu pali ngakhale sukulu yapadera ya maganizo - Mimamsa. Anachokera mu nzeru - ndi mwayi kufufuza kwawo Hindu malemba. Iwo Mimamsa anatumikira monga tidzayesetsa kwambiri pa chitukuko cha India wakale, nzeru ndi philology.

A mbali yaikulu ili kuti mlembi Chisansikiriti Bhartrihari, amene anakhala pafupi ndi BC V atumwi. chiphunzitso mogwirizana kuganiza kuti kulira ndi tanthawuzo kuti iwo umabala, ndi inextricably zogwirizana.

ntchito zake zazikulu - ntchito pa Chisansikiriti galamala ndi nzeru zinenero komanso magulu Chisansikiriti ndakatulo. Iwo anakhala maziko a chitukuko cha ntchito sayansi mu gawo ili la Asia.

Anachokera mu Islam

Kugawira exegesis mu Islam. Wotchuka kwambiri ndi wathunthu ndemanga pa Koran ophatikizidwa mu zopereka otchedwa tafsir. olemba awo, amene zikugwira ndemanga pa ndi kumasulira buku lopatulika la Asilamu otchedwa mufassir.

Mu Tafseer simudzapeza wachinsinsi kapena esoteric kutanthauzira malemba Chisilamu. Olemba kuyesetsa kupereka zakuya ndi kokwanira kwambiri kumvetsetsa Quran. Choncho, Hadith za mtumiki Muhammad (ie, nkhani za mawu ake ndi zochita Asilamu lero oongoka moyo wawo) amanena kuti Qur'an wabisika tanthauzo kwambiri kuposa zikuoneka pa koyamba. Komanso, mlingo wa kumvetsetsa buku loyera zisanu ndi ziwiri.

Masiku ano pali magulu Chisilamu kuti mosamalitsa kuletsa kumasulira esoteric a Quran, kuyesera kutsegula ndi tanthawuzo pawiri la lembalo.

Mfundo za exegesis

Anachokera mogwirizana ndi mfundo zingapo ofunika.

Ndi chikhulupiriro chakuti chilengedwe cha mlembi buku lopatulika ouziridwa ndi Mulungu, lingaliro la mabuku, monga mbali ya Mpingo wa Chikhalidwe Choyera, mgwirizano wa chizindikiritso cha buku woyera ndi kukhala zokumana wauzimu.