AS Pushkin, "wolemba ndakatulo ndi khamu": a kusanthula ndakatulo

Dzina lake Aleksandr Sergeevich Pushkin "The ndakatulo ndi khamu," lolembedwa mu 1828. ndakatulo imeneyi kwachititsa anthu ndi malingaliro otsutsana kwambiri, ndemanga sanaime ngakhale atamwalira mlembi. Mu ntchito zake, Pushkin m'malo mwadzidzidzi akutembenukira kwa chilengedwe, ndipo anawatcha wakuda. Kwambiri mabuku otsutsa converge maganizo, kuti Alexander ankaganiza si anthu wamba ndi olemekezeka Akumenya umphawi wauzimu ndi kusowa kwa kumvetsa chilichonse cha ntchito pano.

Ndakatulo "The ndakatulo ndi khamu," Pushkin analemba chakachi analimbana ndi boma kulongosola cholembera chake m'njira yoyenera. Ambiri a m'nthawi amene ankadziwa wolemba ananena kuti ntchito imeneyi ndi kuvomera ku zofuna za moralism didactic, mwachitsanzo Alexander analemba zimene anali kuchita, koma izo sizinali maganizo ake. Amafuna mphamvu zimasiyana kwambiri mfundo za ndakatulo ndi. Pakadali pano, palibe amene anadziwa amene Pushkin amatchedwa wakuda.

Kudziwa maganizo a ndakatulo ndi maganizo ake otchuka, ambiri amaganiza kuti mawu akuti "wakuda zakuthupi" amatanthauza bureaucracy pamwamba. Komano, kumulakalaka "ng'anjo mphika" Sitinganene kuti zimachitika anthu olemera. Pali nkhambakamwa kuti mu ndakatuloyi wake zinasonyeza Decembrists Pushkin. "Wolemba ndakatulo ndi khamu" - chimaonetsedwa zochitika kumapeputsa mwala zinachitika December 14, 1825. The ndakatulo ananena kuti chotheka pofuna kusangalatsa gulu ndi zikwapu, koma basi Decembrists anali m'ndende wawo ndi zokoloweka.

Ngati inu mukuyang'ana pa vesi "The ndakatulo ndi khamu" zambiri amasiyana, zimaonekeratu kuti Alexander pansi pa anthu akuda anatanthauza kanthu pa luso lalikulu la kuganiza. Pa chiyambi cha XIX atumwi kwa madona kulenga mankhwala ena kunyoza, iwo sakudziwa mbali yofunika kwambiri mu dziko. Sonneteer anachereza anthu, koma ndakatulo awo anagwira kufunika chikhalidwe. "Nyimbo ya ndakatulo" wokongola, free, koma pa nthawi yomweyo ngati mphepo wosabereka. Anthu sankamvetsa mtengo wa ndakatulo, onse pa kuyesa kupeza phindu, mbewu ya choonadi, osati kusangalala zosemasema.

Zikatero, mneneri wanzeru amamvera Pushkin. "Wolemba ndakatulo ndi khamu" - akufuna amadzipatula kwa anthu kusonyeza kusalabadira kwawo kwa makhalidwe abwino. Alexander unkagwira ntchito kugalukira wa Decembrists, koma anakhumudwa zonse ndi kuonanso cholinga chake pambuyo kulephera pachitika zachinyengo. Zilibe ndi chochita ndi anthu amwano amene samamvetsa izo, koma akuseka ndi akusekerera.

Kuwafika anthu, kusintha kuzunza chikhalidwe simungathe Pushkin. "Wolemba ndakatulo ndi khamu" - chimaonetsedwa kunyansidwa kwa chuma, kuyambira chifukwa n'kumwalira wauzimu. wolemba akuona m'badwo aziwaona akamwalira zonse ndiwokongola. anthu osauka nkhawa yekha za chakudya, kumatope wolemera makhalidwe oipa, Kapena kapena ena sasamala za zilandiridwenso. Ndakatulo atenge mbali ya bwalo jester, ndi Pushkin osakhutira. Choncho mwadala renounces dziko limene akukhala, koma waive mphatso yake, chifukwa iye ikufuna kudzutsa anthu maganizo yowala ndi womveka.