Asidi malic

asidi Malic (chilinganizo NOOSSN2SN (o) COOH) oksiyantarnaya, dibasic hydroxycarboxylic (zipatso acid). Iwo ukufanizidwa ndi colorless crystalline mankhwala. asidi Malic ndi bwino sungunuka Mowa ndi madzi, bwino - mu efa.

thunthu ali kuyeretsedwa, odana ndi oxidant, odana ndi yotupa, hydrating ndi katundu wofatsa astringent.

Gawo NOOSSN2SN zidulo (o) COOH

M'mikhalidwe zachilengedwe, wamba L-malic acid. Limatsogolera mfundo - madigiri zana. Kwambiri sungunuka m'madzi. The solubility Mowa 68,3 ga diethyl efa - magalamu 1,9 pa magalamu mazana a zosungunulira.

D-malic asidi ali limatsogolera kutentha kwa madigiri 130,8. Solubility mu Mowa - 35,9 ga, diethyl efa - magalamu 0,6 pa magalamu mazana a zosungunulira.

Onse zinthu ndi insoluble benzene.

Malic asidi anapatsa mankhwala katundu oxyacids. salt zake ndi esters anatchula Malatya. Pamene usavutike digiri zana akupezeka kutembenuka asidi anhydride malic, ndi zofanana lactide. Pa Kutentha yaitali (kwa 140-150 madigiri) facilitates Kupha madzi. Chifukwa, kutembenuka kwa asidi malic kwa asidi fumaric, ndi Kutentha mofulumira mpaka madigiri zana ndi makumi asanu ndi atatu aumbike panobe, ndipo maleic anhydride.

NOOSSN2SN (o) COOH ndi chimodzi cha zigawo zikuluzikulu zofunika kwambiri wapakatikati njira kagayidwe kachakudya ku zamoyo zina. asidi Malic kumatanthauza kagayidwe mu mawonekedwe a malate. Iwo aumbike mwa asidi mkombero tricarboxylic, gluconeogenesis pa. Malate pambuyo zochita enzymatic zikhoza kusinthidwa n'kukhala pyruvate, fumarate, oxaloacetate.

Okonzeka NOOSSN2SN (o) COOH ndi kuchepetsa asidi tartaric, hydrolysis wa D, L- bromyantarnoy acid.

Makampani NOOSSN2SN (o) COOH ntchito popanga mankhwala Confectionery ndi madzi zipatso. Acid malic ntchito winemaking. Zona mankhwala monga pH adjuster ndi wothandizila flavoring.

Konzekerani asidi malic (D, L) pamene kubwezeretsa oksaliluksusnoy asidi NOOSSOSN2SOON Na mapaziwo apangidwa kapena hydrolysis ake (oksaliluksusnoy acid) wa anachira Ester.

Thunthu mwachibadwa zikuchitika anapeza mu chidulo zipatso. Izi makamaka zikuphatikizapo maapulo mwana, zipatso phiri phulusa, gooseberries, mbewu yamasamba. Mu fodya asidi malic ali mawonekedwe kashiamu mchere. The pang'ono angapezeke mu vinyo. Mu chikhalidwe NOOSSN2SN (o) COOH aumbike chifukwa chosakwanira makutidwe ndi okosijeni ndondomeko ya dzuwa. Makamaka wambirimbiri malic asidi angathe kuonedwa mu mphesa mwana (kuchokera magalamu khumi ndi khumi pa dm3). Pa kucha chiwerengero zipatso NOOSSN2SN (o) COOH yafupika magalamu awiri mpaka asanu pa dm3. Chotero kuchepa ndende chifukwa chakuti chinthu akutithandiza zedi mu ndondomeko kupuma. Tikumbukenso kuti mphesa kuchokera kumpoto anapeza asidi wamkulu malic kuposa zipatso m'madera kum'mwera. Zamkatimu NOOSSN2SN (o) COOH, komanso zimadalira nyengo pa chaka ndipo pa zosiyanasiyana mphesa.

Pamene mowa nayonso mphamvu ya dongosolo la asidi peresenti twente-faifi malic kuyamwa yisiti. Pa mapangidwe mowa ndi akuchira mpweya. Zotsatira bakiteriya nayonso mphamvu mu mapangidwe mkulu chiyero asidi succinic. Condensation NOOSSN2SN (o) COOH ndi urea kaphatikizidwe ndi m'munsi uracil (RNA chigawo).

Mchikakamizo cha tizilombo lactic asidi mwina amanyoza asidi malic kwa asidi lactic. NOOSSN2SN (o) COOH amakhudza kukoma vinyo. Okhutira mkulu wa asidi malic amachititsa "wobiriwira acidity" - kukoma lakuthwa. Nthawi izi ikuchitika kwachilengedwenso "acidity". ndondomeko mfundo zachokera luso yisiti ndi asidi lactic mabakiteriya kuyamwa NOOSSN2SN (o) COOH.