Chifanizo cha nyumba mabuku Russian wa zaka 19 ndi 20 (nkhani)

Russian mabuku a zaka 19 ndi 20 - gwero la zithunzi amphamvu kwambiri, zilembo omveka, wolemera mu zilembo zokongola. Chifanizo cha nyumba mabuku Russian - mmodzi wa wamphamvu, buku, kukopa tcheru ndi kum'pangitsa kukhala. "House," kuonetseredwa kwa olemba ndi ndakatulo mwa mfundo ife kufufuza m'nkhani ino.

Literature kwa zaka za m'ma 19. Chidule

nthawi mabuku - mmodzi wa lanyonga, lamphamvu ndi anatsimikiza za tsogolo la mabuku onse ndi Chirasha ambiri. Iye ankatchedwa "fano zaka ndakatulo." Koma prose wa zaka, nayenso, sanali wotsika akhoza bwinobwino adzatchedwa chitsanzo cha magwero a malamulo a m'kalata.

M'nthawi imeneyi ntchito Pushkin ndi mphunzitsi wake Zhukovsky, Tiutchev ndi Fet. World wotchuka Leo Tolstoy ndi Fedor Mihaylovich Dostoevsky, Chekhov ndi mpikisano Gorky, Nekrasov ndi Turgenev analenga ngale awo, lomwe pano padziko lonse. Nthawi imeneyi pakhala woyenera zithunzi zambiri. Chifanizo cha nyumba mabuku Russian nthawi - mmodzi wa wamphamvu kwambiri ndi losaiwalika, kuvekedwa ndi mbali mbadwa Russian ndipo nthawi yomweyo abwino mumaganiza yatsopano padziko lonse.

Century anayamba kukula kwa romanticism, amene pang'onopang'ono anasamukira ku Kuzindikira ndiponso Kuzindikira chikhalidwe. Nthabwala ntchito anali chinamulowerera chosintha mantha ndi chilakolako chofuna kusintha.

Chifanizo cha nyumba mabuku Russian kwa zaka za m'ma 19

Lingaliro la "nyumba" Nthawi zambiri kumayendera ndi mfundo yonena za "dziko". Mwina ndicho chifukwa olemba 19 chipwirikiti m'ma nyumba zapatsidwa kwambiri chidwi. Nyumbayi inali nthawi zambiri malo waukulu kanthu, zochitika kwambiri inachitika mu izo. Zimphona nyumba kugwirizana ndi miyambo yawo makolo ndi mfundo banja.

olemba ambiri kufalitsidwa nkhani zawo kuzungulira nyumba ya zilembo zazikulu ndi sekondale. nyumba amagwirizana ndi mwini ilk wake.

Chifanizo cha nyumba ya prose chakale cha XIX atumwi

Tiona chifanizo cha nyumba ambuye atatu wodziwika bwino mawu akuti luso: Pushkin, Tolstoy ndi Chekhov.

Ndiyamika A. S. Pushkinu chithunzi cha nyumba mabuku Russian ali kutanthauzira awiri. Tiyeni tione iwo mwatsatanetsatane pa chitsanzo cha buku "Eugene Onegin" ndi atchulidwa ake - Eugene ndi Tatiana.

Pakuti Eugene nyumba - malo wotopetsa kumasuka. Kwawo makamaka molemekeza maganizo Eugene asaone. Chinthu china - Tatiana homebody. Kunyumba, mayiyu needlework, kuwerenga ndi kulota. Iye - panyumba weniweni, nyumba yake ndi momasuka kwambiri ndi omasuka. Mwina ndiye chifukwa chake mosavuta kukana maganizo mwadzidzidzi Onegin. Iye ali weniweni, nyumba yabwino, ndipo tsopano - mtengo wake wapamwamba. Ndipo owerenga amadziwa kuti Tatiana ngakhale malingaliro sikangathe kumdetsa nyumba zawo, kuti amachita khalidwe buku ndi solo yake, ngati chitseko chatsekedwa kwa munthu winawake, muyaya. Choncho fanizo la nyumba Pushkin ndi chizindikiro cha mtendere, mtendere, ndi makhalidwe abwino.

Chifanizo cha nyumba Lva Tolstogo chosiyana ndi kumasulira Pushkin. A kusiyana kwambiri ndi kuti Tolstoy ndi nyumba kukukhala malo aakulu a kanthu, ndi "banja chisa", chiyambi cha khalidwe la mtundu wina ndi miyambo, mbiri ndi chinsinsi. zochitika zofunika kwambiri "Nkhondo ndi Mtendere" m'nyumba ya Rostov ndi Bolkonsky (ndi Kuragin). Pankhaniyi, tiyenera kukumbukira kutanthauzira kwa mutu wa ntchito yaikulu imeneyi. Lingaliro la "nkhondo" akusowa sitingazilongole, koma lingaliro la dziko muno - osati "boma NEvoyny" ndi mtendere wopambana mu anthu ndi miyoyo yawo. Kwenikweni, mu mabuku a Lva Tolstogo mafotokozedwe a nyumba za mkati ndi kunja, mkati awo ndi mlengalenga wapatsidwa zambiri danga, chiri chifanizo cha nyumba Tolstoy mu mabuku Russian adzakhala chitsanzo kwa olowa miyambo yambiri ya tingachipeze powerenga mabuku.

Mu A. P.Chehova mfundo kunyumba chaululidwa mwatsatanetsatane mu sewero lake atsopano "The Cherry zipatso." chiwembu ndi nkhani ya mtundu munthu wolemekezeka kuti chifukwa cha mmene zinthu zovuta moyo wotaya patrimony ake ndi amakakamizidwa polekanitsa ndi chitumbuwa chake zipatso wokondedwa. Ntchito ya mlembi wamkulu analemba akale ndi amakono, lapamwamba ndi tsiku ndi tsiku. Nyumba pano limaimira banja chisa, ndi chitonthozo, ndi amphamvu "kuyima pa mapazi awo," Ranevskayas banja. Pamene iwo anagulitsa nyumba ndi kusuntha pambuyo pa imfa ya mwana wake, chirichonse chiri mozondoka. The Cherry zipatso, zingatanthauze, alibe mtengo kwambiri. Koma mtengo wake si anawerengera ndalamazo, nyumba kunyumba kwa thupi, ndi munda - mtundu moyo.

Mwachidule chidule cha ntchito

The zosiyanasiyana chodabwitsa nkhani kufufuza angatipatse chithunzi cha nyumba mabuku Russian. Nyimbo, mwatsoka, sangathe kupereka mithunzi yonse ya tanthauzo la kunyumba kwa olemba m'ma XIX, koma Tiyeni tifupikitse mfundo zikuluzikulu wamba mbali zonse:

• House - monga chisa.
• Umasonyeza mwambo ndi mbiri ya mtundu wina.
• Nthawi zambiri malo chachikulu cha zochita za mankhwala.

olemba anagwira inki pofotokoza banja kunyumba ya zilembo wake. Ambiri a iwo anali kwa makolo awo ndi grandfathers zigawo ofunika ndiponso ankawalemekeza. Mtima kunyumba kupeza kwakukulukulu Mzimuyo chikhalidwe cha chikhalidwe, pamaso / pakalibe ulendo mu izo.

Literature za m'ma XX. mwachidule

M'malo mwa miyambo mabuku a m'zaka za m'ma XIX zinali otsutsana ndi luso la XX atumwi. Chifanizo cha nyumba mabuku Russian kwa zaka za m'ma 20 adzakhala mbali yosiyana kuposa atumwi kuloŵedwa m'malo.

Nthawiyi adzalandira anadzatchedwa "Silver Age". Zimatengera magwero akavalidwe kukhala ndi mayendedwe. Kuzindikira akulowa chimakono ndi modernity silimba mu ambiri a zotsala-mafunde: Acmeism ndi futurism, ikuimira ndi avant-garde. mitu ndi zofunika: tanthauzo la moyo ndi imfa, ndi zifukwa zogomeka kukayikira mfundo wosatha makhalidwe abwino, kufufuza kwa "latsopano" kalembedwe ndi ngwazi latsopano. Chipembedzo ndi zongoganiza anakhala Otsutsa, ndalama miyambo, onse anawoloka nayenda mogwirizana.

m'badwo uno amalembedwa zilandiridwenso andakatulo monga Yesenin ndi Ahmatova Mayakovsky ndi chipika zodabwitsa Velemir Hlebnikov Sologub ndi chisoni. Prose si zomwe zikutsalirazi kumbuyo pa chitukuko ndi kufufuza za miyambo latsopano. Pangani Ndondomeko wanu Merezhkovsky, Gorky ku romanticism kuti Kuzindikira akupita. Izi ndi nthawi kulemba wanzeru "Doctor Zhivago" ndi B. Pasternak ndi kutsiriza ntchito pa "Miyoyo Akufa" ndi N. Gogol.

Chifanizo cha nyumba ya mabuku Russian kwa zaka za m'ma 20. Buku "The House," Abramova

Wolemba F. Abramov wanu akuzinga zomvetsa chisoni chibwenzi ndi wotchedwa - "House." Mu izo, iye analankhula za imfa ndi kuchepa kwa kumidzi Russian.

The protagonist akubwerera kunyumba kwa mchemwali wake m'mudzi waung'ono ndi akukumbukira anakhala kumeneko. Against maziko a nyumba zikuchitikazo ndi zochitika zazikulu mu moyo wa banja.

Kenako nyumba amazigulitsa ndi kukhala chizindikiro ziwiri manambala: pa dzanja limodzi, ndi wamkulu komanso ayenera kukhala latsopano, koma ena - ndi zinthu zonse, panali mphamvu ndi makhalidwe ake. The heroine wa buku ndi Lisa magulu ankhondo otsiriza wokonzeka kumenyera nkhondo nyumba ya atate wake, ngakhale theka imawonongeka kwawo anakhudzidwa ndi reseller si kunyozeka manja.

Nyumba Pasternak ndi Gogol

Chifaniziro cha nyumba ntchito Russian mabuku yasonyeza ndi Boris Pasternak a "Doctor Zhivago." Apa, kunyumba amachita monga kaganizidwe ndi pogona amateteza dziko lamkati la ngwazi kuchokera kunja kusokonezedwa. Koma nyumba kugwa, ndipo mwina woposa chikumbutso kuti muyenera kukhala maganizo anu, osati mwa makoma anayi amene muyenera kukhala wokhoza kukhala okha, m'mwinjimo.

Gogol kunyumba kwake "Miyoyo Akufa" amakhala palimodzi m'nthano ndi yophiphiritsa tanthauzo. Eliya Manor ndi chithunzi chachisoni wa kuvunda ndi chiwonongeko, kuwola ndi kutayidwa. Chifanizo cha nyumba mabuku Russian sizinachitikepo tikuonera chikhalidwe choterocho osauka. Ndipo onse chifukwa cha njira Nikolai nyumba amabisa moyo wa mwiniwake - Eliya. Iye ali wokalamba ndi otanganidwa kwambiri ndi worldview wake osauka, ndi nthawi yaitali, kapena kubwezeretsedwa, kuchotsa akale, kapena kugwa, kuzikwirira pansi pa bwinja la decrepitude wake.

anapezazo

M'badwo uliwonse mu zake kuona akatswiri awo. chithunzi chabe osiyana a nyumba pamaoneka mabuku Russian (nkhani za nthawi zonse adzakupatsani ndi maganizo wonse wa nyumbayi mu XIX ndi XX zaka).

Century kuloŵedwa nyumba umaimira banja chisa, zapamwamba za miyambo ndi kubadwa nkhani, nkhani imene formulates Makhalidwe komanso tsogolo la zilembo.

The mzaka zana makumi awiri wa kunyumba ndi kale osiyana. Zimakhala chizindikiro cha amayambiranso ndi zina ungabwere pomwe, ndiyeno ndiyotani pakuchotsa izo.

Zovuta osokoneza zochita chithunzi cha nyumba mabuku Russian. Zifukwa angapezeke mu ntchito.