Chronometer - ndi wa limagwirira zinthu molondola - ndi ulemu wa mafumu

Munthu aliyense ali chinachake chikusowa. ndalama chidwi ndi kukonda winayo, thanzi lachitatu. Koma chomwe chikusowa onse zimaona - ndi nthawi. Ndicho chifukwa anthu nthawizonse ndinkafuna kuti abwere ndi chipangizo njira imene adzatha molondola kuwerengera nthawi rationally kusamalira iwo.

Komabe, ambiri a maora ochepa woyamba anali wosadalirika kwambiri ndipo amadalira zinthu zachilengedwe. Koma pamene anausankha mkulu-mwatsatanetsatane chida kuyeza nthawi - chronometer. Ndi anangopeka chodabwitsa, oddly mokwanira, zinakhudza osati miyoyo ya anthu wamba. Kutulukira loyamba chipangizo imeneyi kwathandiza amalinyero bwino kuyenda nyanja.

Chronometer - ndi chiyani ichi?

Mawu "chronometer" likuchokera ku kuphatikiza mawu awiri a Chigriki: "nthawi" (chronos) ndi "muyeso" (mita). zimaonekeratu kuti cholinga chake kwa dzina la chipangizo - kuyeza nthawi. M'mawu ena, ndi chronometer - ndi maso, koma ndi odalirika kwambiri, kupitiriza ntchito zinthu zonse ndi ozizira, ndi kutentha otentha.

Nkhani ya chronometers

Chronometers sanali woyamba makina koloko. Komabe zakale kale Chimaona kwambiri ndi kuswa mosavuta m'mikhalidwe chokhwima zachilengedwe. Komanso, ngakhale bwinobwino zinthu ndi wotchi nthawi anayamba "bodza".

Koma izi zonse zinasintha mu pamene 1731 wopanga mawotchi British Harrison anatulukira chronometer dzina. Kutulukira ili ndi lofunika kwambiri pa chitukuko cha zochitika apanyanja. Popeza Harrison chida anapitiriza nthawi yeniyeni mwamtheradi zinthu iliyonse, zimathandiza oyendetsa kudziwa longitude, kenako ndondomeko zina za m'chombo.

Ngakhale mtengo wake wapatali, chronometer wakhala nthawi zambiri ntchito pa sitima ndi pa zomwe aeronautics ndi ndege.

N'zochititsa chidwi kuti kupangidwa Harrison anali wangwiro kuti zaka wakhala pafupifupi sichinasinthe. The m'malo yekha ena zipangizo chronometer ku ano, kuwala ndi cholimba.

chronometer m'madzi

Kutulukira Harrison (asanakwanitse mu zaka mazana makumi awiri anayamba m'malo chosavuta ndi mtengo nyanja maulendo wotchi ndi olimba ntchito resonators khwatsi galasi, komanso GPS) pakhala chida yodalirika kwa oyendetsa, kotero iwo akhoza kudziwa malo awo.

Childs, chronometers onse m'madzi ndi zofanana muyezo yomanga. The wapadera (makamaka matabwa) Thupi anaikidwa clockwork. Chifukwa dongosolo la alumikizana, ndi mu chronometer aliyense vuto unachitikira mu malo yopingasa. Nyumba kulondera maso limagwirira ku kukhudzana ndi kusintha kutentha, ndi kusintha kwa malo a zida za.

Chronometer wotchi

Kutulukira mkulu-mwatsatanetsatane koloko, anthu ambiri anayamba kulota kukhala ndi kunyumba. Pamaziko anatulukira ya Harrison loyamba anayamba khoma tebulo khwatsi wotchi panyumba. Patapita nthawi, luso yafupika limagwirira ndi kulenga dzanja chronometers, kotero koyenera kuti anthu otanganidwa amene aliyense yachiwiri ya kulemera golidi.

Popeza panali ulonda mwatsatanetsatane chronometer anadutsa zaka zambirimbiri. Today, aliyense kudziletsa kulemekeza kampani kwa kupanga ulonda ali mu mzere ake a zanyengo ndi chronometer. Ngakhale zili chomwechi, ambiri molondola ndi apamwamba, mwachibadwa, ndi Swiss wotchi.

Komanso, mu Switzerland zikugwira afufuze kayendedwe wotchi padziko lonse kupikisana mutu wa chronometer. Kwa maola iwonso anayamba apadera ISO 3159-1976 khalidwe muyezo.

Kodi ine ndikudziwa ngati penyani chronometer?

Ndi molondola kwambiri mawotchi aliyense maloto. Ndipo ngakhale ambiri a Chalk dzanja kuona nthawi imasonyeza ngati pali maola chronometer, pali kuchotserapo. Chotero, inu mukhoza fufuzani paokha kapena ayi mu Chalk yoyenera.

Kuti muone m'pofunika onetsetsani ngati pali wotchi ya batire watsopano kapena yaitali bwanji anayambika, kotero kuti tisasokoneze chiyero zimenezo. Kenako muyenera kukhazikitsa nthawi yolondola. Kenako, wotchi ayenera anawamasulira kuti udindo pansi oyimba ndi kusiya monga kwa maora twente-foro. Pambuyo pa lotha wa koloko oyimba mungaimitse ndi kusiya wina maora twente-foro. Tsopano inu angaletse ndi nthawi yeniyeni. Ngati masiku awiri a sanali muyezo udindo wa wotchi anayamba "bodza" kokha +/- masekondi 8-12 - ndi chronometer. Pakuti mfundo yaikulu - maola yachibadwa.

Mungayesere kuyendera kunyumba ndi njira zina. Mwachitsanzo, popachika wotchi pa khoma - maora twente-foro mu malo wabwinobwino, ndi chimodzimodzi mosemphanitsa. N'zothekanso kukayendera kutentha. Komabe, tiyenera n'komwe kuti wotchi sayenera kukhala nthawi yaitali kuti kuziziritsa madigiri osachepera asanu ndi atatu pamwamba ziro, ndi madigiri kuposa twente-faifi.

Chronometer ndi chronograph: kodi pali kusiyana?

Kulankhula ulonda, ambiri zambiri kusokoneza mfundo zofanana monga chronograph ndi chronometer. Ndipo ngakhale mawu ofanana kwambiri, phindu ali osiyana kotheratu.

Ngati chowonera - wotchi ndi kamangidwe wapadera wa limagwirira kuti molondola kusonyeza nthawi zinthu zingakhalire, chronograph - kakang'ono owonjezera dials maola ndi njira yoyenda yokha. Nthawi zina chronographs amasonyeza nthawi zosiyana kapena anafuna kuti dzanja chachiwiri.

zaka zoposa mazana awiri ndi makumi asanu kuchokera ndiye, chronometer kupangidwa. Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo, si monga wotchuka mu ntchito apanyanja, makamaka chifukwa cha kutulukira GPS-navigation. Komabe, zolondola imathamangira Zatsala sichinasinthe. Choncho, anthu ambiri ndimalota za kukhala wotchi Swiss ndi chronometer ndi nthawi ndendende kudziwa nthawi.