Dipatimenti chapakati Store ndi chiyani? chinawathandiza kumvetsa n'chakuti achidule

Kodi zikutanthauza TSUM (mawu olembedwa a achidule), mu Soviet Union, aliyense anadziwa, ziribe kanthu zimene gawo la USSR, iye ankakhala moyo. Ndipotu mau amenewa, komanso chingamu, anali n'chimodzimodzi ndi ogula paradaiso, kumene izo zinali zotheka kugula chilichonse. Monga nkhani kusanduka komanso ndipo n'chiyani chinachitika lero?

Kodi Store Department

Pali awiri Mabaibulo a tanthauzo la makalata amenewa atatu.

Kutanthauzira boma la mawu "komanso" - chapakati m'sitolo. mutu Ichi ndi chimodzi mwa malo yaikulu kugula m'mbiri ya Soviet ndi zamakono Russian Federation, ili pa mphambano ya up. Petrovka ndi muholo Square mu Moscow.

Onse malonda m'dera la zokakamiza (nkhani pansi) - 69 makilomita lalikulu, lomwe masiku ano amapanga komanso wina wa Masitolo lalikulu Europe, ndi kuzungulira dziko.

Komanso, pali kutanthauzira wina wa mawu "komanso" - chapakati dipatimenti ya Moscow. Zambiri amatchedwa alendo shopu, amene nthawi zonse linakhalapo anapanga ogula chochuluka. Komabe, mawu olembedwa zimenezi si zoona mwamtheradi, chifukwa kuyambira kumayambiriro chingamu ndi izo wakhala ankaona waukulu kugula kukopa mu Moscow.

Mbiri ya Store chapakati Dipatimenti pamaso 1917

Popeza anachitira ndi chakuti Dipatimenti chapakati Store, mtengo kupeza zambiri zokhudza mbiri yake, chifukwa nthawi yake yosiyanasiyana, Iye adali mu adzitengere ulamuliro wa.

Mpaka m'ma XIX. mu Ufumu Russian panalibe Masitolo wozindikira lero awo. Osauka ndi opeza merchandised masitolo, misika kapena masitolo ang'onoang'ono apadera, pamene nthumwi za katundu wolemera osankhika anapanga kuyitanitsa, kapena kunja kwa kunja.

Mu 1857 ku Russia anafika 2 Scottish wazamalonda - Endryu Myur ndi Archibald Meriliz. N'zoona kuti dziko latsopano, Patapita zaka zingapo amalonda anatsegula haberdashery yaing'ono.

Zinthu ndi chizindikiro awo "Myur ndi Meriliz" mwachilungamo msanga akwira pa phiri, amalonda anayamba pang'onopang'ono kukuza osiyanasiyana malonda ake, kutsegula kwambiri ndi madipatimenti kwambiri. Mpaka afike pomvetsetsa kuti m'pofunika kutsegula mwini-amasiya kugula likulu zimenedi iwo adapanga.

Mwa 1888-1889 biennium. kusiya shopu "Myur ndi Meriliz" ntchito pachimake ndi kale ankadziwika. Pano mukhoza kugula zimakhalanso zotsika mtengo (ophunzirawo pakati), mankhwala apamwamba, osati achilendo komanso opanga Russian. Komanso, panali dongosolo sitolo obwereza kapena nzeru katundu, komanso yobereka utumiki, amene angatumize kugula, ngakhale m'midzi yoyandikana nayo. Komanso m'tsogolo TSUM opangidwa m'ndandanda nyengo, sipangakhalenso analamula makalata.

Komabe, kupambana "Myur ndi Meriliz" simungathe koma angachititse nsanje amalonda ndi zochepa bwino. Kotero, molingana ndi mwambo wakale Russian, mpikisano kawiri anayesa kuwotcha chimodzi amasiya shopu kwa Chi (1892 ndi 1900). Panali mphekesera kuti anali zolowana kuti "olowa katundu kampani Upper Kusinthanitsa mizere pa Red Square mu Moscow" (mtsogolo chingamu), umene panthawi imeneyo monga bungwe malo awo kugula.

Ngakhale machenjerero onse a mpikisano, Muir ndi Meriliz mu nthawi yochepa osati anatha kumanganso sitolo yake, koma zaka zingapo akutembenukira ku yaikulu seveni nkhani zovuta, omwe anakhala bwino mu chisanadze chosintha Moscow. kukongola kwake, chitonthozo ndi gloss chidwi za mwamtheradi m'magulu onse a anthu. nzika olemera kubwera mu "ndi Myur Meriliz" kugula chinachake, amene sanathe kutero, zafikapo sitolo, ngati chionetsero cha mwanaalirenji.

Store Dipatimenti pa Soviet chisanadze nkhondo nthawi

Pambuyo ulimi ndi kufika mphamvu Soviet pakati kugula "Myur ndi Meriliz" anali zaufulu ndi akukakamizidwa umwini boma, ndi 1922 iye mwalamulo anadzatchedwa Mostorg ndipo anatsegula mu chikondwerero m'mlengalenga.

Komabe, ukulu wakale "Myur ndi Meriliz" Mostorg (umene posachedwapa anadzatchedwa ku komanso) kugwiritsitsa ndipo sadathe. Quality wa katundu ndi kwambiri lonyozeka kwa nthawi chisanadze chosintha. Komanso, kutsegula chaka chamawa chingamu anamukwiyira pabwino monga dipatimenti chachikulu cha dziko. Zodabwitsa ndizakuti, kutanthauzira kwa mawu "chingamu" ndi "komanso" ndi ofanana kwambiri: Boma m'sitolo ndi Dipatimenti chapakati Store. Ngakhale boma lakusonkhezerani chitukuko cha TSUM ndi chingamu, iwowa anali adalipo: iwo unapangidwa bungwe ndi mwini kusoka situdiyo ndipo lili patalipatali katundu anagawira kunoko. Koma TSUM (mawu olembedwa a achidule pamwamba) tsopano onse anayenera kukhala wachiwiri.

Ngakhale izi, sitolo ukadali zimachitikanso. Mwa njira, izo zinali zina mwa zinthu loyamba anayamba kutipatsa ogwira ntchito ngongole.

Kuyambira 1933 Dipatimenti chapakati Store, nthawi yoyamba mu USSR, anayamba kugulitsa katundu mwanaalirenji pa mitengo yokwera.

Komanso nthawi ndi nkhondo itatha

Komabe, sitolo analibe perete yaitali - Wamkulu zosonyeza kukonda nkhondo. Nthawi imeneyi, malo a Store Dipatimenti chapakati zasintha. Tsopano mbewu yake chapamwamba amatembenuka ku chipinda. Ndipo pansi anapitiriza kugulitsa katundu, koma antchito ndi kokha pa makadi. dongosolo chinakhalapo mpaka kumapeto kwa nkhondo.

Pambuyo kuwina ntchito yokhazikika ya sitolo Dipatimenti wabwezeretsedwa mu nthawi yaifupi zotheka. Komanso, kuonetsetsa kuti kusamalira makasitomala kwa Store Dipatimenti chapakati kupulumutsa gawo la mafakitale Union ndi zomera amene anayenera kupereka okwanira katundu sitolo.

Mwatsoka, khalidwe katundu lafika poipa, monga kutsogoza chachikulu chinali chiwerengero chawo. Kukumana Kowonjezereka, mafakitare zambiri kumasula mankhwala zonyansa quality, ndi ogula chifukwa chosowa bwino akhala kuumirizidwa kuti, izo ziri. Kuchita izi, ife tinali kuyembekezera kwa maola ima pamzere.

Nthawi zina, Dipatimenti chapakati Store zikhoza kugulidwa ndi katundu yachilendo. Komabe, zinali zachilendo kwambiri zodabwitsa sizinatheke. Nthawi zina, kuti akapereke dongosolo malonda, katundu akukumana ndi kunja makamaka kuvala malonda pa mapeto a mwezi kapena pamaso maholide zofunika.

Mu zaka 70-80. sitolo anayamba nthawi ya kuyesera. Konza moyenera ntchito ,, polima dongosolo kudziletsa utumiki, komanso dongosolo chosavuta malipiro.

The wreckage la Soviet Union

Utatha wa Soviet Union komanso anapitiriza kulibe, koma ayenera kuti azolowere chuma msika. Kuti zimenezi zitheke, mu 1992 ilo litatseguka ku kampani olowa katundu. wachifundo mayiko ikuchitika zaka zingapo kupeza ndalama ndi wotembenuka m'sitolo nyumbayi.

Wopambana ndi German kampani redesign Einrichtung GmbH, kudzera mwa malo malonda kuchuluka komanso. sitolo anali losandulizika. Inatha masitepe zina ndi magalimoto magalimoto, zikepe anaika. Komanso, dongosolo wakhala wokometsedwa utumiki ndi malipiro. Ndipo mu 1997, TSUM anaonekera kwa ogula mu latsopano, mtundu ano.

komanso lero

Popeza anachitira ndi chakuti komanso ngati, ndi kufufuza mbiri yake, tiyeni mukudziwa mmene zinthu mu sitolo zinthu izi lero.

Mu 2000s oyambirira kasamalidwe ka malo a zogula analamulira Mercury. Zikomo kuti khama lake lero kuti Dipatimenti chapakati Store, wodziwika kutali kunja kwa dzikoli. Tsopano m'gawo lake si masitolo kokha, komanso anatsegula 3 omwera, youma kuyeretsa ndi kukongola salons.

Komanso, TSUM amakono amagwira nawo moyo chikhalidwe. Iwo makamu luso, chithunzi ndi videovystavki ndi chikondi zochitika.

Koma pali izi sitolo onse ndi kuipa. Izi zinaphatikizapo osati nthawi zonse bwino mozama ponenera mu Store Dipatimenti Central. Iwo amagwirizana ndi zoipa angapo. Mwamwayi, kugula kasamalidwe pakati ndimakhoza kumva makasitomala ndi kukumana zopempha zawo.