Dongosolo la Nkhani National - zachuma "chithunzi" cha boma

ntchito za Chikhaliro zachuma pa mlingo uliwonse - kaya ndi kampani payekha kapena dziko lonse - ayenera n'komwe ndi kuwonetsedwa malipoti kumathandiza kudziwa zinthu zikusinthira ndi kupanga Zoneneratu m'tsogolo. Komabe, ngati mmene zinalili ndi kampani malipoti zojambula ndi muyezo ndondomeko kuti sikutanthauza lalikulu ndalama za ntchito, mu nkhani ya boma ndi ovuta kwambiri - lonse moyo zachuma ndi dzikolo chaka sikutheka formalize muyezo lipoti pa Zotsatira za chuma. national dongosolo nkhani wakhala anakonzedwa kuonetsetsa kuti mitundu yonse ya dziko mwayi yovomerezeka ndi zovuta kumvetsa malipoti, yomwe kenako ntchito ngati domestically ndi kunja. Za izo, zomwe zili SNA ndi zomwe ndi zizindikiro zake, ife kufotokoza m'nkhani ino.

Dongosolo la Nkhani National ndi zovuta zazikulu zizindikiro zogwirizana zomwe mopitirira pamaziko a deta zowerengera. SNA anakopeka ndi kufunika kusonkhanitsa ndi bungwe deta pa ntchito chuma States. Zoyesayesa loyamba kulenga zinachitika a dongosolo la nkhani national chibwenzi kumbuyo kwa mmasate zaka mazana makumi awiri - Keynes ndi otsatira ake anazindikira kuti n'zosatheka kuchita lamulo zazikulu za citukuko, ngakhale kuti sanali chithunzi zonse za dongosolo dziko zachuma. Komabe, kutsogolera yamphamvu kwambiri chitukuko cha SNS analandira mu makumi anai mochedwa, pambuyo pa kukhazikitsidwa kwa mabungwe amenewa mayiko monga UN, Bank World Gulu ndi IMF. Popeza mabungwe tatchulawa ukugwira, mwa zina, ndi maiko kukongoza, kunali koyenera pamaziko a ena zizindikiro kuonanso bwino creditworthiness ndi solvency amangawa awo, choncho ndi kuyamika khama lawo SNA anayamba zoyamba za ntchito komanso nkhani national dongosolo. SNA woyamba boma muyezo anavomerezedwa mu 1953, wachiwiri - mu 1968, wachitatu - mu 1993, ndi wotsiriza, panopa ndi lero - mu 2008. Zikamera wa mfundo yatsopano zokhudzana ndi kukonzanso ya zachuma: tinganene kuti mayiko olemera ntchito makampani utumiki, zikamera wa mafakitale latsopano, ntchito za mabungwe transnational , ndi zina zotero.

national nkhani dongosolo ukugwira ndi magawo zotsatirazi:

1) GDP ndi GNP - awiri zizindikiro deta ndi Uwerenge mfundo za chuma chonse ndi ntchito opangidwa mu dziko. Kusiyana aakulu dziko ndi zoweta mankhwala, ndi lingaliro la "mkati" kumaphatikizapo mtengo wa mankhwala opangidwa ndi sanali anthu pa malire a boma, ndipo mawu akuti "dziko" si wokhala kupanga atengedwa mu kulingalira, koma amaphatikizapo mankhwala opangidwa ndi anthu a boma kunja.

2) Gross mowa - akuimira Uwerenge mfundo zonse kuthi cholinga cha kumwa katundu. Onani kuti kusiyanitsa kupanga (kugula semifinished kwa processing zina), ndipo mowa komaliza.

3) Gross - chizindikiro Izi amapereka lingaliro la kuchuluka okwana likulu kudzikundikira mabungwe mwakuthupi komanso malamulo. Pamafunikanso madipoziti mabanki, ndalama nkhani panopa, komanso ntchito pa kupeza ndi kusintha kwa chuma lokhazikika.

4) Gross ndalama - amapereka lingaliro la kuchuluka okwana ndalama padera ndi anthu. Zochokera zizindikiro №№2, 3 ndi 4 mopitirira mlingo wa mowa ndi ndalama, ndiwo zizindikiro yofunika ya makanema ojambula (chiŵerengero cha kukula GDP kuti mtengo wangwiro kapena ndalama)

5) The malonda yachilendo bwino - ikusonyeza mmene bwino pabwino dziko amatenga pa dziko msika, kaya ndi amagulitsa muukonde kapena importer la mankhwala.

Nkhani National lero ndi chida popanda zomwe n'zosatheka kulingalira sayansi yamakono zachuma. Kudziŵa ndi kumvetsa mfundo ndi mawerengedwe a zizindikiro zoyambirira za SNA ndi chofunikira kwambiri kumvetsetsa njira zonse zazikulu ndi megaekonomicheskih.