Natural ulova ndi mtundu uliwonse

Ulova amatchedwa chodabwitsa umoyo ndi zachuma ku mbali ya yogwira ndi anthu ntchito sangapeze ntchito motero amakhala "superfluous".

Zimayambitsa ulova ndi mawonetseredwe zosiyana tingathe lophatikizana ndi ubwamunalo linagawanika mu mitundu.

Mu dziko imene analandira kuganizira zitatu zoyambirira za vutoli: structural ndi frictional (zachilengedwe ulova) ndi cyclical ulova.

Pansi kwa kanthawi ulova frictional kumvetsetsa anthu chifukwa cha kusintha zaufulu ntchito ina chikugwirizana ndi kufunafuna ndi kuyembekezera malo abwino kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri zinthu izi zimachitika mwa anthu, sankhani ntchito kuti likufanana luso lawo ndi zokonda.

Mtengo wa mtundu wa ulova zimadalira wantchito ndi mphamvu ndi changu chimene anthu kupeza ntchito kuti akufuna.

Kandalama ulova zimadalira patsogolo njira zamakono pa ulimi, bongo kapangidwe ka munthu wina ankafuna mphamvu. ulova Izi kawirikawiri yaukapolo.

Cyclical ulova limatchedwa kupanda akumufuna. Ndi zotsatira za kuchepetsa mu ankafuna akaphatikiza ntchito.

Wapakatikati pakati pa mphete mikangano ndi nyengo ulova. Iwo zimakhudza zinthu zachilengedwe, ndipo mosavuta ananeneratu.

Mtundu wa ulova ndi chibadidwe zokopa alendo malonda, ulimi, ena nsomba (nsomba, kusonkhanitsa zipatso, aloyi nkhalango, kukasaka), zomangamanga. Pa nthawi yomweyo, ntchito tima akupitiriza kwa miyezi ingapo kapena masabata a chaka, ndi "langwiro" zimawonedwa mu mpumulo wa nthawi.

The ulova zachilengedwe

Katswiri wa American monetarist Milton Friedman mitundu frictional ndi structural kuchotsedwa ntchito amaphatikizidwa mu lingaliro limodzi la "ulova chachibadwidwe". Mu chuma ndi ntchito zonse umakhala ndi zinthu zomwe ndi wolimba kwa nthawi yaitali. Limatchedwanso yachibadwa ulova.

Mlingo zachilengedwe ulova - kusonyeza mgwirizano boma la msika ntchito pa ntchito mtheradi, mu nkhani iyi, chiwerengero cha anthu kufunafuna ntchito, ofanana kuchuluka kwa ntchito. Ngati mlingo ulova kuposa mfundo zachilengedwe, kusokoneza bwino mu msika ntchito, pali cyclical lova amene akufuna kugwira ntchito, koma osati kupeza malo chifukwa cha kuchepetsa kufunika kwa antchito pa nthawi ya kuchepa kupanga.

Natural ulova m'mayiko ambiri olemera ndi 4-6% ndipo msinkhu wake zisakuyenda ikukula likunena chifukwa chitetezo mkulu anthu ambiri okhala m'mayiko amenewa (kuwonjezera ulova, kukula kwa malipiro a osachepera, easing zofunika ubwino anthu amene alandira). Zimenezi zimabweretsa kufufuza yaitali malo, kukula kwa zofuna kuti ntchito akufuna.

Masiku m'mwamba mu mlingo wa mlingo zachilengedwe ulova amagwirizana ndi kuwonjezeka mu ntchito chiwerengero cha amayi ndi achinyamata, komanso kusintha kawirikawiri mu kapangidwe ka chuma.

Kuyambira mfundo ulova dera, kumachitika m'madera ena chifukwa kutsekedwa Unyinji wa malonda.

Pansi kumvetsa ulova zobisika ndi chikhalidwe kumene anthu ntchito yokhala Komatu, kutenga malo kwambiri. Yokulirapo mlingo wa ulova zobisika ndi chibadidwe chuma amakono a Russia ndi Bashkortostan. Ichi ndi chifukwa ambiri chitetezo ndi lalikulu makampani nsana. Akuyembekeza malamulo feduro makampani chitetezo si restructured kapena lotseka, ndi ogwira ntchito mwa makampani amenewa sanali kupuma, koma zalembedwa kukhala mu tchuthi utsogoleri, kapena kuonekera pa ntchito kangapo mwezi. Zikatero, ngati kampani a mzinda waukulu, layoffs chachikulu kuyambitsa ndi aggravation wa zinthu chikhalidwe m'chigawochi.