Elizabeth Yaroslavna - mwana wa Yaroslava Mudrogo, mkazi Harald III. yonena

Mwambo kuti kugwirizananso zamtendere ndi kumayiko ena mwa mapeto a mabanja dynastic mu Russia anaonekera zaka zambiri zapitazo. Pacimake katswiri kuchita izi, Grand Duke Kievskiy Yaroslav Vladimirovich Ngwanzeru zakuya. Iye osati anapereka ana awo kwa wolowa ndi heiresses mpando wachifumu m'mayiko "akunja", koma anakwatira mwana wamkazi wa mfumu ya Sweden - Ingigerd. mwanjira ina, koma akazi Scandinavia nthawi anasangalala ufulu ndi ufulu kuposa akazi ku Ulaya. Chokwatira Russian wolamulira, Ingigerd monga mphatso kwa mzinda wonse Yaroslava Mudrogo - Ladoga. Wokwatiwa Prince wa Kiev ndi Swedish kalonga anabadwa ana asanu ndi anayi, ndipo chifukwa ana awo Russian wolamulira anatha kukwatira mu nyumba yachifumu ya ku Ulaya. Choncho, chidwi tsogolo la pakati mwana Yaroslava Mudrogo, amene anakwatira wolowa ndi mpando wachifumu ku Norway. Angamvetse izi ndani kuti Elizabeth Yaroslavna (Ellis) adzakhala mkazi wa boma yaing'ono Viking. Koma icho chinachitika momwemo.

Harald Sigurdarson

Osankhidwa kalonga Russian anabadwa mu 1015. Makolo ake anali Norway Mfumu Sigurd Syr ndi Asta Gudbrandsdottir. Harald anali m'bale Olav, amene anadzatchedwa Tolstoy poyamba, ndiyeno Mzimu Woyera.

boma Norway anakhala wolamulira anali Olav, koma Harald sanafooke kuyembekezera kuti tsiku lina kuchitika kuthamanga dziko, koposa kuti dzina lake limaimira zokhumba ena mpando wachifumuwo. Ndipo zokhumba zake m'tsogolo zoona, wolungamitsidwa.

Kale wachinyamata sikisitini iii Harald anakhala "kalonga wakunja." m'bale wake Olav, amene anakhala mutu wa ufumu kuti iye ankafuna kukwatira mwana wamkazi wa mfumu ya Sweden Ingigerda, koma iye anakwatira Yaroslava Mudrogo. Atabatizidwa agonjetsedwa ndi Danes, anali kubisalira, woyamba mu Sweden, ndiye mu Novgorod, kuchepa mphamvu mu Norway. Iye adzaphedwa pa Nkhondo ya Stiklastadire, kumene asamenyana mphamvu za anthu otchuka Norway.

Harald, ngati m'bale wake, anakakamizika thawirani woyamba pa mfumu ya ku Sweden, ndiyeno pa Kalonga wa Kiev.

mu Novgorod

Yaroslav Wanzeru anakumana ndi alendo wochezeka zokwanira. Prince ali kumatanthauza iye kumuwombera, koma osati ngati msilikali wamba, ndi udindo wa mmodzi wa asilikali-Ngopambana, popeza malo ya kumanga. Ndipo ngati wamng'ono, Harald ankafuna chilichonse kuyeretsa yekha ku nkhondo. ulendo wake adamkodola, ndi ulemerero wa mtsogoleri wa. Prince anaganiza kutchinjiriza ndi lupanga umabala golide ndi ngale, kukhala otchuka wa m'banja lachifumu.

Kodi kumbuyo Harald III, mu utumiki wa kalonga Russian? Iye anatenga intricacies zokhudza nkhondo: mnyamatayo pafupifupi amagwiritsa ntchito nthawi yake yonse ndi timu, nthawi zambiri atalamula kusonkhanitsa msonkho m'madera anagonjetsa a Yaroslav Ngwanzeru zakuya. Analephera ankayembekezera kulowa ufumu Norway, mobwerezabwereza anapondereza kugalukira, zipolowe ndipo ngakhale anapita ku nkhondo ndi Poland, pamodzi ndi Kalonga wa Kiev.

Tinakumana ndi wokonda

Imafotokoza kuti Elizabeth Yaroslavna ndi Harald ankangomumwaza anapanga kwa wina ndi mzake. Romance, amene ankakhala kumapeto kwa zaka 18-19, ananena kuti mnyamata Viking anaona wamng'ono Mfumukazi, iye yomweyo chidwi ndi kukongola kwake. Iye anagwidwa ndi m'chiuno woonda, tsekwe gait, nsidze sable ndi maso owala a mwana wamkazi wa Russian kalonga. Mmodzi kuti mwamawuwo Harald kwambiri icho chinali chikondi pa kuwonana koyamba. Koma amanena komabe sizingasunge madzi.

Elizabeth Yaroslavna (zaka 1025-1066) anali kulamulira chachinayi cha ana m'banjamo. Ndipo pamene Norway kalonga anapita kwa nthawi yoyamba mu Novgorod, kuti Ellis anali wokalamba pakati pa 6 ndi 9 zaka. Nanga bwanji tsekwe kuyenda pa m'badwo uno sangalankhule.

Olemba mbiri ena amakayikira chakuti, Nditakhala ena nthawi Novgorod (kuchokera m'chaka cha 1031 mpaka zaka 1034), Harald courted ndi atsikana. Chifukwa chiyani? Ndi yosavuta. Poyamba, pa nthawi imeneyo kalonga nkhawa kwambiri za tsogolo la mwana wake woyamba, Anna, amene kale "anapita kwa mkwatibwi." Chabwino, ndipo kachiwiri, "Norway alendo" si zolemba sankaoneka ngati mkwati, chifukwa, ngakhale mutu mkulu Ndipotu, iye anali "ulusi." Kumene, zimaswa mapulani zimene kupempha kutsogoloku "ukwati" mwana wamkazi wa mfumu wamng'ono akanatha. Koma iye ankadziwa bwino kuti popanda chuma ndi kutchuka Elizaveta Yaroslavna sadzakhala kupezeka kwa iye. Ndipo Harald anaganiza kuti iwo mwa njira iliyonse.

Viking anamanganso mmikono

The nkhondo pakuti mkulu Norway chinali chinthu lapamtima. Iye anaimira wankhondo wolimba, ndi Viking. Harald sanali kokha msilikali wolimba, komanso wochenjera pulani asilikali. Pambuyo athana ndi mphoto analandira golidi ndi siliva, kufanizira zabwino zonse, chitukuko ndi chimwemwe. Choyamba Norway wolowa ku Mpandowachifumu anatumikira Byzantine Prince Michael IV.

Iye anamuthandiza kulimbana achifwamba nyanja mu Nyanja Aegean, ndi membala wa maulendowa asilikali Sicily. Harald Kenako kuletsa kugalukira Delyan Bulgaria. Komanso anamenyera mu Sicily ndi Africa. Choncho, chasanduka mu mkulu wakhala zaka zambiri. Nthawi zonse anatumizidwa ku Novgorod chifukwa nkhondo chuma. Pamene woyang'anira wake Michael IV anafa, kalonga anagwa manyazi. Mwadzidzidzi anakhala wakuba, zinali miseche, ndi m'ndende. Patapita nthawi, ndi Scandinavia anathawa ndipo anatumizidwa ku Novgorod kachiwiri.

Ndakatulo polemekeza wokondedwa

Apanso mu ufumu wa Yaroslava Mudrogo, anaganizira mwana wake Ellis. Tsopano mkaziyo anakhala ndi kukongola kwenikweni, wachikazi mu Asilavo ndi Byzantine woyengeka. Tsopano Elizabeti Yaroslavna anali enviable mkwatibwi ndi Harald mwina koma kugwa m'chikondi ndi wolemekezeka. Ulemu wake, iye analemba "visy chimwemwe." Chotero anaitana ndakatulo imene wankhondo Viking imakhumbira wodekha ndi kukongola, amene wapatsidwa Ellis.

Kumbali ya mtundu wanyimbo amayanjana "chisangalalo visy" anali nyimbo zotamanda. Koma chilengedwe chake achinyamata Norway Musaiwale kutchula makhalidwe ake, kuika chokha Woyesana yabwino kwa dzanja ndi mtima wa mwana wamkazi Yaroslava Mudrogo. Ndipo pamapeto iye afika ake.

Prince amapereka kupita patsogolo kwa ukwati

Monga tikuonera anapulumuka mafano Mfumukazi Elizabeth Yaroslavna anali wokongola kwenikweni.

Iye kuyambira ali mwana anazolowera ulemerero ndi mwambo wa nyumba ya bambo ake, ndi mwanaalirenji ndi chuma monga momwe kumene iye. M'mawu ena, aliyense nyumba yachifumu mu Europe akanaona kuti ndi mwayi kuti banja lake pakati mwana Yaroslava Mudrogo. Koma Elizabeth anakhala mkazi Yaroslavna Harald III.

Titafika ku Novgorod Viking ali nazo ake chuma chonse, amene ankamukonda chifukwa anamanganso wake wa manja. Wolowa ku Mpandowachifumu Norway, anakhala munthu wolemera mu Russia. Ndipo zinthu zikatero Yaroslav Mudry, kumene anavomera ukwati wa mwana wake ndi Scandinavia. Ndipo anapatsa zimawalimbikitsa kuti ukwati osati kwambiri chifukwa anaona Harold mwamuna woyenera, monga Ndinkafuna mgwirizano kulimbitsa ubwenzi ndi mayiko a kumpoto kwa Ulaya. Ukwati zinachitika m'nyengo yozizira 1043-1044 gg.

Back mu Norway

Pa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi yotsatira, banjali anakhala m'munda. Pasanapite pambuyo pake, iwo anapita kwa Norway. Zotsatira za Chiayisilandiki skald Stuv Akhungu analemba kuti: "Iye waponya kwambiri za golide ndi mwana wamkazi wa Mfumu."

Kumbukirani kuti skaldic ndakatulo mkazi amagwirizana ndi zokongoletsera zagolide kapena ndi ena chosalimba ntchito yake. Pamene skalds amanena kuti Scandinavia zinachitikadi Gardariki chuma ndi katundu okongola, iwo ankaganizira zodzikongoletsera zagolide ndi Russian wolemekezeka.

Mulimonsemo, ukwati mwana Yaroslava Mudrogo, ndi mwana wa Mfumu Sigurd Syr zambiri angongole asapita Msamariya pakati Russia ndi Norway. Harald chifukwa cha kukwatirana ndi Russian kalonga mwachidule anakhala mabwenzi odalirika Jarl Svein Ulvssonom, amene anadzakhala wachifumu Chidanishi.

Zaka dziko kunyumba ya Board

Nditabwerera kunyumba, Harald anagawa mphamvu mu dziko ndi mphwake Magnus.

Iye analandira mphoto m'chuma theka la anagonjetsa Viking kwa ulendo wautali, ndi Harald analandira ufulu kusamalira 50% ya m'dziko la Norway. Koma posachedwapa pakati pa abale kunadetsa anayamba zinayambira ndewu kwa mitundu ya chikoka. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, mwana wa Sigurd Syr anakhala akulamulira yekha m'dziko lake. Koma patapita kanthawi, dzakhali cilango amalume ake. Aphedwe, iye anapatsa Magnus Svein Ulvssonu Chidanishi ufumu, ndi gawo la mikango wa asilikali Norway anakakamizika abwerere. Chifukwa, Harald asilikali anabwerera ku Norway. Mwamuna Elizavety Yaroslavny anali pafupi yekha ndi mkwiyo.

Iye akutenga lingaliro kukhala wolamulira wa Denmark. Chaka chilichonse nthawi masika, iye anamemeza khamu lake kwaeni kotsogolera ku nkhondo ndi Danes, wakubayu ndi kuwononga nyumba zawo. Pakuti ichi nkhanza wake dzina Harald kumbuyo wolamulira. Inde, khalidwe lolimba ndiponso sanaiwale kuvulala popemphera. Chifukwa, ine anadwala anthu wamba. Komabe, iye anali mkulu wodziwa ndi munthu kuwadziwa ndi ndondomeko kupezerapo asilikali. Mu Byzantium, ndendende katswiri intricacies njira nkhondowo ndi bwino kuchita kudziwa kumpoto kwa Ulaya.

A mlendo m'dziko la kumpoto

Koma momwe ikukhudzana bwanji ndi chilakolako chofuna kugonjetsa mwamuna wake Elizabeti Yaroslavna (Mfumukazi ya Norway)? Kodi iye nthawi kupirira mtima Harald nkhanza? Yankho wopezeka mafunso awa sapereka nkhaniyo. Zikuoneka kuti mwana wa Yaroslava Mudrogo anayesa kudzilimbitsa mfundo yachilendo ake zokhumba. Koma sitingathe kukusalani kuti utangoyamba Mfumukazi ya Norway kuyerekeza mwamuna kapena mkazi wanu atate wake, amenenso anali si mantha kukuza malire mkhalidwe wawo. Iye akanakhoza kokha ndikaonekere kwa makhalidwe wachikhristu ndi chiyembekezo kuti Harald akadali kuletsa nkhondo nkhanza. mwanjira ina, koma ankaona ngati mlendo mu ozizira, yomwe waukali dziko. Mfumukazi adatopa malo ndi chakuti sanali mu Norway ogula kuchoka kwa abale, ndi atate wake salinso athandize Ellis zofunikira Harald asilikali.

mkazi wachiwiri

Pakutayika thandizo la otchuka wolamulira bambo Norway kukwatira kachiwiri. Ngakhale oimira makalasi wolemekezeka anapatsidwa ufulu ndi akazi angapo. Komanso, mkuluyo imodzi yokha. zaka zitatu zokha kuchokera ukwati wa Harold ndi Elizabeth Yaroslavna, monga mwana wa Sigurd Syr ankafuna kukwatira Torah Torbergsdottir - wamkazi wa olemera Norway tycoon.

Pa nthawi imene kalonga Ellis anabereka ana aakazi awiri - Mary ndi Ingigerd. Malinga ndi magwero - "chingwe cha Halley shuttles" ndi "The Saga wa Harald mwamphamvu Wolamulira" - ubale pakati pa mfumu Norway ndi Torah Torbergsdottir mofulumira kwambiri mu chikondi ndi mokhudza. Mu Norway, unakhala mutu nambala 1 zokambirana. Kenako, Taurat wabereka mwana Olav.

Mphekesera Chilekanitso ndi Ellis

Harald pang'onopang'ono anayamba kuchoka Elizabeth Yaroslavna, ndipo malo ake anatengedwa ndi Torah. Iye anapita naye yokopa usilikali.

Magwero ena anati severance ubale pakati Harald ndi mwana wamkazi Yaroslava Mudrogo. Koma kaya analidi zosatheka kukangana. Mulimonsemo, cholinga chake chatha Norway Viking sanali yekha: iye anali limodzi ndi Elizabeth Yaroslavna (mwana wamkazi wa Yaroslava Mudrogo).

wokopa wotsiriza

Patapita nthawi, pambuyo Norway adasakabve kulanda Denmark, mwana wa Sigurd Nkhumba anakhalanso CHIKHUMBO cha anamanganso mwankhondo. Kamodzi m'dziko panali munthu England yemwe anamuuza Harold kuti ali mwayi onse kuti atenge mpando British. Popeza anagwira mfundo imeneyi openga, ndi Scandinavia anayamba kusonkhanitsa ankhondo. Koma posakhalitsa anayamba maloto zoipa, zimene akhoza kutanthauziridwa monga chenjezo polimbana ndi zochita totupa. Koma Norway akadali angayerekeze kuti aziyenda. Iye anasiya mpandowachifumu kuti mphwake, ndipo analota zimene anadzakhala Mfumu ya Great Britain. Iye ankafuna kuthetsa konko.

Poyamba, zinali zabwino. Iye ngakhale anazindikira mfumu English. Koma Korol Garold msanga atazunguliridwa yekha ndi asilikali n'kuzungulira wabodzayo ndi. Mu Nkhondo ya Stamford Bridge asilikali Norway anagonjetsedwa, ndipo mwamuna Ellis anaphedwa pa nkhondo.

Tsogolo la kalonga pambuyo pa imfa ya mwamuna kapena mkazi

Pambuyo Mfumukazi Elizabeth Jaroslavna ndi Olav Ingigerd nabwerera. Mwana wamkazi Maria anafa pa nthawi yofanana ndi bambo ake. Pa tsogolo la mwana wamkazi wa Yaroslava Mudrogo magwero chete. Amadziwika kuti Ingigerd anakwatiwa ndi Mfumu ya Denmark Olav Sveinsson kenako malamulo a dziko Denmark.