Hamming code. 'Kala' ikusonyeza za mfundo n'zosangalatsa kumva

Mu ntchito zake zilipo makina ndi vuto la kuzindikira mokwanira za mfundo deta chiyero analandira, kupeza zolakwa, ndi kulewerana awo. Ntchito yaikulu kwambiri anatumizidwa ku chinthu cha processing zambiri, zovuta ndi tcheru kudziwika dongosolo kwa zinthu zoipa mapulogalamu ndi nthenda zolakwa zambiri ndi ntchito yake.

mwina zoti ziyesedwe otaya zambiri zolakwika ndipo ngakhale kukonza iwo, ndi kwa encode mfundo lapadera. Pali zizindikiro zambiri ndi njira ntchito pa ntchito deta ndi osiyana. Otchedwa Hamming malamulo ndi chitsanzo, limene linali poyambira chilengedwe cha njira zina ndi yotha troubleshoot akuwuka pa deta kufala zolakwika.

Nkhani za ndondomekozi kumayambira m'ma 1940s. Pa nthawi imeneyo, Richard Hamming katswiri akuwerengedwerabe makina Bell Model V, ntchito mu wotchuka Bell Labs. Ndiye anali limagwirira kudula-m'mphepete kuti amagwiritsa ntchito mfundo electromechanical. Kamangidwe makina ntchito mayunitsi kulandirana. ntchito zawo sayankha phindu kwambiri liwiro. Kuchita zisinthe chimodzi chofunika masekondi angapo. Data kulowa zinachitika kudzera mwa makadi anakhomerera, ndi zolakwa sanali zachilendo m'kati kuwerenga. Mu sabata kudziwa ndi zolakwa zolondola anapeza ntchito zizindikiro zapadera. Machine woyendetsa adafotokozera chowala wa mauniko, amene nawonso likukonza cholakwa ndi ankakhulupirira anapezerapo ndondomeko mawerengedwe. Koma kumapeto kwa sabata kunachitika monga mwa malamulo osiyana. kulakwitsa ndi wapezeka, makina basi mabasi chilango cha pulogalamu woyamba, ndi kupitiriza ndi zina.

Popeza Hamming Nthawi zambiri ntchito kumapeto kwa sabata, ndi oipa kwambiri khalidwe ngati kompyuta, chifukwa iye ankayenera kuti kuyambiransoko dongosolo limene ntchito, ndipo zikuoneka kuti anali kusadalirika kwa sitimayo makadi. Zaka zingapo ankayenera kuti ntchito pa ntchito yomanga ku ma aligorivimu kothandiza kwambiri kukonza zolakwika. Chifukwa, ndi 1950 iye anali kupeza ndi kuulula njira yabwino yothetsera vutoli, Panopa odziwika padziko lonse monga malamulo Hamming.

Linanena bungwe bungwe Richard Hamming anali kamodzi ambiri. Njira kabisidwe mudziwe kudzadza midadada ingapo lalikulu. Mwachitsanzo, zizindikiro mwadongosolo amapanga gulu lalikulu, chomwe chipika ndi, otchedwa zizindikiro mbali (mu mawu ena anthu amene akutchulidwa onse anawagawa mfundo ndi kuyezetsa magazi).

Mu malamulo mwadongosolo ali mbali parity ndizo zotsatira za ntchito liniya pa zizindikiro zambiri. Choncho codeword aliyense amaloledwa alipo n'zotheka kupeza zotsatira za ntchito liniya anachita pa m'ndandanda wa codewords linearly palokha.

Hamming kachidindo ndi kachidindo chifukwa chololera polojekiti. zizindikiro izi amakulolani basi kudziwa zolakwa pa kufala deta. Kumanga iwo, koma inu ziyenera kuti liwu lililonse ulamuliro umodzi (kutambasuka) pang'ono. Intaneti mawerengedwe amusankha chotero kuti chiwerengero cha mayunitsi pamene fano inali pa chikhalidwe ngakhale.

Ngati pali kulakwitsa umodzi, ndiye asintha parity wa chiwerengero cha mayunitsi.

Zizindikiro zimene zingawathandize kusokera kukonzedwa mu mode ndi zodziwikiratu, wotchedwa kudziletsa kukonza. Kumanga kachidindo ngati kale zokwanira kulamulira kumaliseche a. The chidwi lalikulu ndi bayinare malamulo chipika, ndi kukonza.

Kuti adzimvera, tinganene kuti Hamming malamulo amagwiritsa mfundo parity macheke, amene amafufuza chiwerengero cha anthu otchulidwa unit.