Khomo lachiberekero linkawonongeka: thunthu, dongosolo. khomo lachiberekero msana

Msana - ndi maziko a mafupa a munthu ndi mmodzi mwa machitidwe ake aakulu. Zinali iye amene amateteza chingwe msana ndi kuthandiza thupi mu malo woongoka. Komanso, msana umateteza concussions ubongo pa zoyenda anthu. Ichi ndi chifukwa chake katundu mkulu cushioning. Iwo akhoza kufotokoza kapangidwe wapadera msana - tichipeza 24 vertebrae. Iwo yagawidwa magulu anayi ndi katundu wamba. Pakati mbali zazikulu izi zosiyanasiyana linkawonongeka khomo lachiberekero. Kaswili, kusukulu, sapereka chithunzi thunzi chokwanira cha ichi. Choncho, nthawi zambiri anapeza kuwonongeka kwa msana khomo lachiberekero. Ndipo ichi ndi zoopsa kwambiri, chifukwa pa mfundo iyi ndi osalimba kwambiri. Ndipo ndi zofunika kudziwa munthu aliyense, zimene makhalidwe Kodi lililonse linkawonongeka khomo lachiberekero.

Matenda a msana khomo lachiberekero

Msana ali ndi ntchito yofunika kwambiri ya msana chitetezo chingwe. Iye amapereka mafupa stiffness ndi kumafeŵetsa zodabwitsa poyenda. Komanso, msana angachichite izikhala. Ndipotu iye ndi maziko a mafupa anthu ndi kuthandiza thupi mu malo olungama ndiponso zimatenga zodabwitsa. Aliyense dipatimenti angapo yache ndi kapangidwe ka vertebrae lapansi. Ambiri a iwo mu dera thoracic, ndipo pali lalikulu kwambiri. Mu lumbar vertebrae ndi sacrum pabwino kwambiri wina ndi mzake, pang'onopang'ono kukula pamodzi ndi mzake kuti kobchika. Koma pachiopsezo ndi osalimba msana khomo lachiberekero. Amakhala vertebrae zisanu ndi ziwiri, pafupifupi aliyense amene ali ndi dongosolo chosiyana. Pa nthawi imeneyi ndi msana ndime pang'ono wopindidwa patsogolo mu mawonekedwe a kalata "c". Msana khomo lachiberekero ndiyo m'manja amalola kuchita zosiyanasiyana kayendedwe ka mutu. Koma chifukwa cha minofu ofooka khosi ndi kukula ka vertebrae ndi malo pafupipafupi poyera kuti choipa kapena kuwonongeka.

Features wa vertebrae khomo lachiberekero

Mkati ndime msana ndi msana. podziteteza amaperekedwa ndi kapangidwe wapadera wa vertebrae ndi:

- gawo kutsogolo otchedwa thupi vertebral ndipo ali ndi mawonekedwe cylindrical;

- kumbuyo iye msana njira chimafotokozera Arc linkawonongeka;

- Komanso, ali ndi njira spinous, litadzala ndi mabowo kwa mitsempha.

Koma si choncho munamutcha linkawonongeka khomo lachiberekero. thunthu anthu kumatithandiza kumvetsetsa chifukwa chake muyenera kukhala osamala kwambiri, ndipo n'chifukwa chiyani anatero kuvulala zambiri zimachitika msana khomo lachiberekero. The vertebrae m'dera limeneli ndi wamfupi ndi osalimba kwambiri. Pafupifupi onse osiyana kukula ndi mawonekedwe. Belu woyamba amatchedwa "Atlas", iye wagwira msana kuti chigaza lapansi. Komanso, pansi pa iye m'njira zovuta chikugwirizana ndi linkawonongeka chachiwiri, amatchedwa "olamulira". Zachilendo mu dongosolo ngati lachisanu ndi chimodzi chiwiri vertebrae khomo lachiberekero. Izi zingathe kufotokozedwa ndi ntchito iwo ali kuchita. Kapangidwe wapadera wa vertebrae khomo lachiberekero n'kofunika pofuna kuteteza chingwe msana, kupereka zofunika chakudya Głowno ubongo ndi mphamvu ya kuchita zosiyanasiyana kayendedwe ka mutu.

1 ndi 2 khomo lachiberekero linkawonongeka

The linkawonongeka ulemu otchedwa "Atlas". Iye ofananira ndipo alibe thupi ndi ndondomeko spinous. Pa nthawi imeneyi msana zikugwirizana ndi fupa occipital, ndi msana kumutu. Kudziwa dongosolo linalake "Atlanta": tichipeza arcs awiri, kumalire ndi ngalande msana. Patsogolo pawo ndipamene bampu yaing'ono kutsogolo ndi kumbuyo - maganizo, pamene pamodzi ndi odontoid ndondomeko ya linkawonongeka chachiwiri. Kumbuyo ali Arc poyambira imene ili womwe ndi mtsinje vertebral. Top mbali ya glenoid "Atlanta" ndi otukukira kunja, ndi pansi - mosabisa. chakuti iye ali ndi udindo wapakatikati pakati pa msana ndi mutu, anafotokoza chifukwa chake kapangidwe ndi woyamba khomo lachiberekero linkawonongeka. Kaswili komanso kuganizira makhalidwe a linkawonongeka chachiwiri, amatchedwa "olamulira". Iye ali lakuthwa "mano" imene ili pa pivots hinge "Atlant" mutu wake. Chotero Kapangidwe ka chachiwiri linkawonongeka khomo lachiberekero amapereka mphamvu ya kuchita kayendedwe rotational mutu ndi otsetsereka. Pakati pa "Alanta" ndi "olamulira" palibe chimbale intervertebral, iwo apanga pawiri zovuta za mtundu olowa. Nthawi zambiri mu malo awa milandu choipa zimene zimaipitsa mphamvu ubongo.

6 ndi 7 vertebrae khomo lachiberekero

Pansi msana wa Dipatimenti imeneyi Yolalikira pang'ono. Apa ndi lalikulu 7 linkawonongeka khomo lachiberekero. Iye limalankhula, anthu ambiri akhoza kuwapeza pa mutu linapendekeka patsogolo. Choncho, umatchedwa akuchita. Kuti nthawi zambiri zochokera mu achiyesa vertebral. Pa pansi ali poyambira. Malowa chikugwirizana ku nthiti choyamba. 7 linkawonongeka khomo lachiberekero lili ndi chinthu chinanso - polankhula mu njira yopingasa ake kapena wamng'ono, kapena ayi konse. Iye ali ndi mtanda yaitali ndi lina lalikulu spinous ndondomeko, amene, mosiyana ndi ena onse alibe bifurcated. Kudzera linkawonongeka ichi chimafika transversely Vienna, ndipo iye anali mmodzi yekha kukhala awiriawiri awiri a mizu mitsempha. Nthawi zambiri malo amenewa ndipo pali mafunsidwe a salt anapanga projecting "zinafota". 6 linkawonongeka khomo lachiberekero amatchedwanso "tulo." Dzina limeneli linaperekedwa chifukwa chakuti kutsogolo kwa hump lake lili pafupi kwambiri mtsempha wamagazi ndi carotid, ndipo ngati n'koyenera, dokotala chimakakamiza Mikala kuti magazi asiye kutuluka.

Onse a vertebrae kuti: khalidwe

Pakuti thupi kugwira ntchito za masiku onse msana khomo lachiberekero akhale m'manja kwambiri. Izi ndi anaonetsetsa ndi dongosolo yache. Khomo lachiberekero vertebrae munthu itatu kapena isanu ndi kukula ochepa. Maenje komanso mu thupi lawo opondapo ofanana mu mawonekedwe kuti makona a. M'mbali cham'mwamba mwa vertebrae ndi protrude pang'ono, kupanga mkombero. Zomveka njira zawo ndi waufupi ndi ili pang'ono pa cham'mbali. 3, 4 ndi 5 khomo lachiberekero vertebrae akadali ang'ono yopingasa njira ndi spinous pa malekezero kugawanika. Njira yopingasa ndi mipata Mitsempha. Ndi kupyolera mwa iwo waukulu vertebral mtsempha wamagazi wakudya ubongo.

N'chifukwa chiyani muyenera dongosolo lino

thupi lakonzedwa mwanzeru, palibe superfluous, ndi zinthu zonse pogwira ntchito iliyonse. Izi likugwira ntchito makamaka kwa msana khomo lachiberekero. vertebrae wake dongosolo wapadera pofuna bwino kuyenda kwa khosi, komanso kuteteza ubongo ndi msana. Nthawi zambiri boma la gawo ili la ndime msana zimadalira thanzi la munthu. Izi pawiri zovuta cholinga kuteteza msana vertebrae ndi thunthu Mitsempha zisaonongeke. A Kapangidwe ka vertebrae khomo lachiberekero njira angapo angadwale dera ubwenzi iwo waika minofu. Ndipotu dipatimenti imeneyi msana anthu ndi ambiri yam'manja. A kugwirizana chapadera pakati vertebrae pamene zochepa odalirika, koma zinchito.

msana choipa mu msana khomo lachiberekero

Iwo angayambe chifukwa cha polojekitiyi m'khosi, nkhonya olimba mutu kapena kugwa. Ngakhale kulozetsa lakuthwa kapena kutembenuza mutu kungachititse kuti kuvulala kwa vertebrae khomo lachiberekero. izi zimachitika kawirikawiri kusambira m'madzi pamalo osaya. Nthawi zambiri, kuvulala awa amapha. Ngakhale fupa lothyoka kapena dislocation bwinobwino kupopera mankhwala, angathe mavuto aakulu. Ndithudi, vertebrae ndi intervertebral zimbale mu malo awa osalimba moti anatani kayendedwe iliyonse mwadzidzidzi kapena akamenyedwa m'mutu. Nthawi zina zimachitika kuti zotsatira zoipa si uwoneka kwa iwo mwamsanga ming'alu ang'onoang'ono pa njira articular wa vertebrae ndi zosaoneka, ngakhale pa X-ray. Ndipo zotsatira zake zingakhale aakulu iwo. Kodi mtundu wa kuwonongeka kwa msana khomo lachiberekero kuti nthawi zambiri:

- chinang'ambika Mitsemphayi;

- akuswa zimbale intervertebral;

- subluxation ndi dislocation wa vertebrae ya;

- kusamuka kwa vertebrae ya;

- fractures.

Chifukwa zoopsa mtundu wa kuwonongeka

Ngakhale kusintha kwakung'ono kapangidwe ka vertebrae ndi zinkatanthauza matenda osiyanasiyana ndi matenda. Mwachitsanzo, zizindikiro zimenezi zingachitike pamene herniated intervertebral chimbale kapena pathologies:

- mutu;

- chizungulire;

- kufooka ambiri;

- gait chisokonezo, kulankhula kapena masomphenya.

Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti wothinikizidwa vertebral mtsempha wamagazi ndi ziwiya magazi kuti kudyetsa ubongo. Pamene pali ngozi kuvulala kwambiri popeza kuonongeka vertebrae zadenut ngalande msana. Zimenezi zingachititse kuti ziwalo, kusokonezeka kwa mtima kapena imfa. Kubereka kuwonongeka kwa msana pa khosi chifukwa chakuti si nthawi yomweyo n'zotheka kudziwa kukula kwa zoipa. Nthawi zina ululu pamene kusuntha kapena kutupa akusonyeza izo.

Kodi kuchiza matenda a msana khomo lachiberekero

Pakuti kuvulala msana ndikofunika kuyamba chithandizo yomweyo kupewa mavuto. Chinthu chofunika kwambiri - kukonza khosi mu malo apansi. Izi ziyenera kuchitika kwa vertebrae zowonongeka chiyani sakutaya pa msana kapena magazi zotengera. Izi zachitika ntchito yapadera theka-okhwima corset. Ngati palibe matenda a ubongo, mankhwala akhoza kuchitika kunyumba, koma ndikatha kumfunsafunsa dokotala. Pankhani ya kuvulala m'mapapo m'pofunika kuchepetsa ntchito locomotor ndi kukonza khosi mu malo atathana mwa osasinthika kolala wapadera. Thiabendazole angagwiritsidwe ntchito mu masiku oyambirira a compresses ozizira kapena novocaine anatseka misewu ndi zowawa amphamvu. Isonyeze physiotherapy, kutikita, ndipo pamene kuchira - physiotherapy.