Knyaginin Mfundo ansembe yotchedwa: kufotokoza, mbiri ndi chidwi mfundo

Woyera Mfundo Knyaginin kunyumba - chimodzi mwa zinthu zofunika koposa m'mbiri ya Russia. Iwo lili Vladimir, ndipo wakhala zaka zoposa 800 za mbiri yake. zochitika zambiri m'dziko muno anali. Ndipo kachisi ndi kukumbukira mibadwo ya avirigo, anthu okhala m'tauni, zozizwitsa, anachita pa obisika a anasunga, ndi chidwi mwa iwo ndi kuchulukana okha kwa zaka zambiri.

Anayambitsa obisika ndi

Mu 1200 ku Russia panali awiri mgwirizano maukulu: Kiev ndi Vladimir. Onse Amachitanso wamphamvu. Analamulira ku Vladimir Grand Prince Vsevolod, ndipo mkazi wake anali Mfumukazi Maria. Onse anali kwambiri ndi modzipereka anthu achipembedzo. maganizo awo, zokhumba ndi zochita anakhazikitsidwa Mfundo obisika pafupi ndi mtsinje Lybid. The E ntchito yomanga obisika akazi anali Mfumukazi. History ndi Chronicle inanena kuti banja ndi moyo mogwirizana ndi mzake. Anali kutikonda kwambiri anthu. Banja la kalonga anabadwa ana 12: 8 anyamata ndi atsikana 4. Ndi kubadwa kwa mwana yomaliza ya Yohane Maria anadwala kwambiri ndi zaka zisanu ndi ziwiri mokhazikika ndi uncomplainingly anapirira mavuto.

matenda Duchess pakati adagona obisika. Ndipo anapempha mwamuna wake. Iye anathandiza kanthu. Kumanga obisika, pa kalonga anagula ndi ndalama zake dziko motsogozedwa ndi malo m'tsogolo. Mwala wa makoma obisika chinaikidwa ndi Duke Vladimir Vsevolod mu 1200. Matendawa sanali kumasula mkazi. maganizo ake anakhala sisitere yomangidwa kumene obisika, zimene analonjeza kwa Ambuye. Mwachangu iye anachita ntchito ya mkazi, mayi ndi regent, koma mzimu ndi monga anasiyiratu moyo kumene kumakhala Amonke. Only mu 1206, Maria anali kukwaniritsa lonjezo lake.

Mfumukazi-sisitere

Laurentian Chronicle limasonyeza kuti ndi chisoni ndi misozi anakhala mkazi kalonga m'makoma obisika pa chophimba. Utatu Chronicle limafotokoza zochitika: "Mu 1206, March 2 tonsured Grand Duchess Maria kumene kumakhala Amonke dongosolo mu agulupa ya Virgin Woyera, ndi wakhazikitsa yokha yuzhe narekosha dzina lake Maria mu dzina lomwelo byst anabatizidwa. Ndipo iye anagwiritsitsa mkulu wake waukulu Vsevolod ndi misozi yambiri ya Woyera Virgin ansembe yotchedwa, ndipo mwana wake George ndi dschi izo. "

Mkazi yaitali ndinkakhala chithunzithunzi cha. Anamwalira m'chaka chomwecho, pa 1 April. The m'tauni chisoni ndipo anadandaula wolemekezeka. Anali okoma kwambiri ndipo anathandiza anthu osauka, kuteteza akazi ndi ana amasiye, "ankatumikira anthu ambiri mtima". Iye anaikidwa pa makoma obisika. Kuyambira pamenepo, malo oyera dzina lake - Knyaginin Mfundo masisitere ku Vladimir.

mbiri zina

akachisi awiri zili obisika kuti: Mfundo Cathedral ndi Kazan Church. Woyamba anali makolo Kalonga m'manda. Kumangidwa choyambirira cha m'kachisi sipezeka. zaka makumi Atangotha kumalizidwa kwa Mfundo Knyaginin obisika unawonongedwa kumzinda wa Vladimir, anathamanga Chitata magulu a Batu Khan. M'kupita kwa nthawi, ena obisika anali mabwinja moti ngakhale m'masiku a chete mpaka m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chimodzi.

Anamanganso Cathedral wa Akukwera, lomwe masiku ano mu obisika ali m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chimodzi. Iwo anayamba latsopano ukuyenda obisika moyo. Iwo anamangidwira pa maziko a nyumba yakale. Chifukwa chojambula mpanda wa kachisi anapemphedwa ndi amisiri chopambana pansi pa chitsogozo cha Tsar ndi chizindikiro zojambulajambula Mark Matveeva. Pachimake Knyaginin Mfundo obisika choposa pa zaka za m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chinayi. Nthawi imeneyi, kachisi anamangidwa tchalitchi, wopatulidwa polemekeza Lady Wathu Kazan. mutu "Knyaginin" anali anabwerera mu 1900, mogwirizana ndi 700 wazaka chikumbutso, agulupa. Komanso m'zaka za m'ma XIX, pambuyo zojambulidwa ambiri Mfundo Cathedral anali kachiwiri wodzipereka. Iye amateteza Kazan chithunzi cha mayi wa Mulungu. Imodzi, ndi matchalitchi a kachisi wodzipereka kwa St. John Chrysostom ndi Woyera Great Martyr Abrahamu Bulgaria, amene zotsalira zimasungidwa mu obisika a.

Modern nthawi

The 1917 ndi kampeni kulibe Mulungu wathunso Knyaginin Mfundo obisika. January 1918 anabweretsa uthenga wa nationalization wa agulupa lapansi. Malo anatitumiza ku boma. Imachitika kufufuza, waudindo, ndi athamangitsidwe wa avirigo. Ena nthawi anatha kusunga kabwerebwere mokhala ndi mapemphero, koma zinali kale zovuta. Mu 1919, boma latsopano mu malo ya agulupa kumanda malo osewerera. Hospital, selo abbess ndi refectory alongo anasamukira ku boma. Iwo anatsegula ndi ana amasiye, ndi munda.

Pomaliza Knyaginin Mfundo obisika chinatsekedwa mu 1923. Patatha zaka zisanu wa Mpingo Mfundo anakhala zapamwamba wa State Archive wa dera Vladimir. Pa obisika mu 1986, Museum kulibe Mulungu linatsegulidwa. moyo kumene kumakhala Amonke wabwerera kuno mu 1998. Nthawi kuchepa ankatsatana ndi chitsitsimutso mu mbiri ya mayiko onse ndi obisika, ndi inextricably zogwirizana ndi ulusi wa tsogolo la dziko lapansi, anthu, chikhulupiriro. Makoma a obisika a lagona pa chikondi chachikulu ndi chikhulupiriro sangathe lidzawonongedwa ndi dumbo kapena chifuniro cha anthu. Tikutero chifukwa zonse m'mbiri ya agulupa ya. Woyera Dormition obisika kachiwiri nakhalanso ndi amanyamula utumiki wake.

Shrine ya obisika kuti: mphamvu ya machilitso

Kachisi woyamba mu obisika anaonekera pasanapite nthawi kuchokera yomanga ake. zaka makumi atatu pambuyo kuika mwala wa agulupa mwana wa tate wa agulupa ya Mary Duchess Vladimir, George pandekha anabweretsa zotsalira za kachisi wa wofera woyera Abrahamu Bulgaria. Malinga ndi mbiri zakale, iye ankachokera ku banja lolemera wa Volga Bulgarians asanduke Orthodoxy. Iye analalikira chikhulupiriro achikhristu awo Moslems anzake. Mbiri ya zaka amanena kuti mayikidwe a zotsalira mu obisika a chinachitika zozizwitsa zambiri za machiritso.

Shrine anapuma pa obisika mpaka 1919. Pamene iye anali requisitioned, kagawo kakang'ono ka zotsalira za anapulumutsidwa. Cancer ndi chachinyengo woyera Abrahamu Bulgaria, agulupa woyang'anira anabwerera ku tchalitchi mu 1991. Kuyambira pamenepo, ndi amafotokoza za zozizwitsa zonse kusinthidwa maumboni a machiritso kumatenda osiyana ndi mavuto a m'moyo. Olemekezedwa mpanda wa chizindikiro kachisi wa Great Martyr Mchiritsi Panteleimon. Lidalembedwa chizindikiro-penti msonkhano wa agulupa ya St. Anna, limene lili Phiri Athos. Knyaginin anasamukira Akukwera ansembe yotchedwa mu 1999. chizindikirochi Ufumuyo zotsalira za St. Mchiritsi Panteleimon.

chizindikiro mozizwitsa

Komanso mkati mwa Mfumukazi ya Mfundo Cathedral wa agulupa ndi wamkulu zozizwitsa Bogolyubovo chithunzi cha mayi wa Mulungu. Lidalembedwa pamaso pa kalonga Andreya Bogolyubskogo mu 1157. Iwo anakhazikitsa lokha obisika kuchokera 1992, pamene anabwerera ku mpingo kwa nyumbayi. Nyumba yatsopano iye anakhala Knyaginin Mfundo obisika. Kufotokozera za yatsoka mafano angapezeke mu zolemba, ndi kumva anamulondolera pamene kuyendera obisika. Mobwerezabwereza wopulumutsidwa naye Vladimir miliri, chilala, wophimba wake sewn mu nkhondo, kutetezedwa njala ndi mtima. Icon analemekeza anthu nalemekeza ndi zozizwitsa zambiri. Kuti pali mbiri ambiri ovomereza komanso maumboni a machiritso a m'matchalitchi amene achita mu nthawi yathu.

mtengo mapulani

miyambo wauzimu, nkhani cholowa - ndi mbali ya chikhalidwe ndi mbiri ya dziko lonse. A chopereka yaikulu pace, namuyesa Knyaginin Mfundo amonke Vladimir. Kufotokozera za kachisi wa ndakatulo, mawonekedwe kogwidwa anapereka chiphunzitsochi Wake Anastasios, Bishopu wamkulu wa ku Albania "Wokongola Temple! Iye anali woyera ndi waukhondo, mapapo awo a mtundu chiyembekezo mu mlengalenga, ndipo pamene inu mutalowa - apa frescoes, zithunzi, nyali, mu mithunzi, guwa Byshnyago Mulungu: ichi ayenera kukhala moyo wa munthu - kunja ndi zochokera kumwamba, koma mu kuya kubisa guwa la Mulungu Yekha ".

Ngati tikambirana mpingo, ngakhale lero nyumbayi ndi kukwapula mwa mphamvu yake ndi kukongola. Kopanda mpingo ndi ulemerero wa agulupa lonse. Kukhumba mpaka woyera makoma, ndi korona tiers atatu a arches corbel keeled. Pamwamba pawo waima lalikulu lamphamvu kuwala ng'oma ndi miyambo anyezi denga. Ambiri zofukulidwa m'mabwinja imachitika pa nthawi zosiyanasiyana m'dera la obisika, aliyense nthawi kudzindikira mbali latsopano la zochitika obisika a. Popeza anapezeka kuti mu zaka zoyambirira pambuyo yomanga kachisi unazunguliridwa ndi khonde lake yopapatiza, wopalidwa matailosi msewu majolica. Ndipo ichi si zinsinsi zonse amasunga Knyaginin obisika. kuphunzira ntchito akupitiriza.

monkery

The nakhalanso ntchito mpingo agulupa ikuchitikira tsiku, ndipo anachititsa moyo kwambiri wauzimu. Nakhalanso zamanja akale. Alongo ndi manja awo adasoka zovala ansembe ndi zosowa zina kachisi. Mwakhama nawo kubwezeretsedwa ndi kumanga ntchito. Agulupa ndi lotseguka chizindikiro-penti pagululo. Apa kutsitsimuka luso nsalu kachipembedzo, amene adadziwika kwa 1606.

Kudzera mwa khama la amayi Aakulu wa agulupa anatsegula sukulu parochial ana. Komanso, pamene agulupa ntchito sukulu Diocesan atsikana. Ndiye kuphika aphunzitsi a Sande sukulu, acolytes, makwaya regents mpingo. Woyera Mfundo Knyaginin kunyumba - ngale ya moyo wauzimu wa Russia. Pitani agulupa ali ofunika aliyense nokha kukhudza chozizwitsa, kumva nthawi kugwirizana ndi mibadwo.