Kodi chimayambitsa phindu wa Moscow ukulu? Mbiri ndi ndondomeko ya kukwezedwa kwa Moscow ukulu

Mpaka 1263 Map of ang'onoang'ono ndi zosamveka Lazaro palibe ukulu Moscow sanali. Izi zamasiye kumanzere akufa cholowa kwa zaka ziwiri mwana wake Daniilu Veliky Alexander Nevsky. Chifukwa kulimbitsa wa Moscow ukulu, amene poyamba yaing'ono, wooneka ife kuphimba m'nkhani ino.

kuyambira

M'menemo Ages kuzimiririka Middle, pamene dziko akuvutika pansi pa gori la gulu, malo a zandale wobwezera Vladimir-Suzdal ndi Novgorod Lazaro. Pakati, mu malo enaake kumene mwagona ukulu wa Moscow, ndipo unayamba kugwira ntchito kalonga 14 wazaka. Mnyamata nkhawa kuyang'ana pa mikangano anansi ndi sikusokoneza iwo. Kulipira msonkho kwa moyo mwakachetechete ndiponso mwamtendere. Choncho, mu Grand Duchy wa Moscow pang'onopang'ono anakoka atsamunda a malo owopsa kwambiri. Anthu ndi mtendere - ndi zifukwa koyamba kuti mulimbitse wa Moscow ukulu. Iwo ndithu intensively anayamba moyo zachuma. Prince kokha pa mapeto a ntchito yake anaganiza angagwirizanitse m'mayiko awo awiri mzinda watsopano. Kolomna ankafunika chifukwa panali pa malo ofunika kumene Oka zimapita ku Moskva Mtsinje. A Pereslavl-Zaleski anatsegula njira kuti likulu la Vladimir.

XIV m'zaka

Iyo inali nthawi ya kulimbana kwa kukhazikitsidwa ndi kulimbitsa Moscow m'mayiko osiyanasiyana. Prince Yury wa Moscow, akugonjera Mozhaisk inakhala ndi mphamvu pa njira yonse ya Moscow Mtsinje. Izo zinali zofunika kwambiri kwa anthu a: anatsegula njira misika yatsopano. Koma pa nthawi yomweyo iwo amayamba kulimbana ndi kalonga wa Tver ulamuliro waukulu wa Vladimir. Panthawi imeneyi limodzi ndi Vladimir dziko. m'dera lawo linali lalikulu, ndipo anthu onse misonkho. Kulimbana ndi ulamuliro wa Vladimir zinali zofunika kwambiri: Prince George mudapha Mkulu wa Tver, wotchedwa Dmitry.

Kusintha kwa ukulu wa pakati pa zandale

Mlanduwu anapitiriza m'bale Prince Ivan Danilovich, amene akudziwa zambiri onse Ivana Kalitu. Iyo inali kutali woona ndi wanzeru wolamulira, amene anagwirizana ndi mayiko awo Novgorod, Kostroma, Moscow, Torzhok. Prince Ivan anasamukira mpando wa Metropolitan, mutu wa Mpingo Russian, kuchokera Vladimir kwa Moscow, Arkhangelsk namanga zazikulu Mfundo Cathedral mu boma la Russia. mphamvu yolembedwa ndi wauzimu anaikira mu malo amodzi - ichi ndi chifukwa chake kupindula Moscow ukulu mu zaka za m'ma XIV.

Zokambirana Russian akalonga

Machitidwe Prince anapitiriza ndi ana ake. Mwaluso kukutsogolerani asapita zamtendere ndi chiguluchi, iwo kuonetsetsa moyo wamtendere wa anthu onse, amene si pansi anawazunza. Kodi chimayambitsa phindu wa Moscow ukulu anamutengera kukuza ndi chuma? Lamulo anzeru a akalonga ake: anakhala ndale, chikhalidwe ndi chipembedzo moyo wa North-East.

mikangano azambiriyakale

Azambiriyakale ambiri amawatcha 4 zimayambitsa amveke wa Moscow ukulu. Mwachidule iwo akhoza mwachidule motere:

1. Ukulu anaima pa mtima wa dziko Russian. Izi ndi zabwino malo Hrs walola zochepa nkhani kuukira anansi: ndi pankhondo Germany, Lithuanians, Chitata ndi asilikali a Sweden n'kulanda. Choncho, udindo wake amapereka okhala ndi chitetezo kwachititsa asilikali ndi ambiri othawa nkhondo amalimbikitsidwa ndi mphamvu zachuma.
2. The ukulu wakhala mphambano ya njira zamalonda. Apa msewu kuchokera kum'mwera kumadzulo kwa Kiev ndi Chernigov, Rostov ndi Yaroslavl. The waterway pamodzi Moscow mtsinje Oka analola kuti ndi kuchokera kwa Volga ndi kupeza kuti Nizhny Novgorod. Malonda Pitani njira izi, analipira msonkho, zawachitikira Muscovy.
3. chimachititsanso akazembe zinachititsa kuti kugwirizana kwa mpingo ndi boma. Chifukwa cha ulamuliro umenewu chinawonjezeka ndi kulemera chikhalidwe cha ukulu wa.
4. Ndipo otsiriza. Okonda mtendere, samalani ndi kulimbikira ntchito akalonga. Iwo sanali kukangana pakati pawo, ndipo kupewa kusiyana mwachindunji ndi Lithuania ndi gulu, kupereka moyo wamtendere ndi kukwaniritsa ndi tsatane-tsatane zolinga.

Chimodzimodzi monga taonera mu nthawi yathu, chifukwa kulimbitsa wa Moscow ukulu.