Komanso komwe Mikhail Lomonosov anaphunzira. Moyo ndi ntchito ya MV Lomonosov

Funso loti Lomonosov ankaphunzira ndi chiyani kuti liwononge chisokonezo pakati pa mbadwo uno. Ndipo komabe iye ali kutali kwambiri. Tsopano, pamene anyamata ali ndi chidwi chowonjezeka m'mbuyomo mwa dziko lawo, sizidzakhala zochititsa manyazi kukumbukira ana ake aakulu. Pambuyo pake, mbiriyakale, monga mukudziwa, anthu amachitira.

Mikhailo Vasilievich anabadwira ku Arkhangelsk North. Lomonosov sanasiye mbiri ya anthu kapena zolemba, choncho sadziwika momwe ubwana wake ndi unyamata wake zidapitilira. Zimangodziwika kuti iye anatsala wopanda mayi oyambirira. Bamboyo (mwamuna wokoma mtima, koma, malinga ndi kukumbukira kwa Lomonosov mwiniwake, "anakulira mu umbuli wosaneneka") anakwatira kangapo, ndipo wachitatu mwa osankhidwa ake anakhala mayi woyembekezera woipa kwa Misha wazaka 9.

Mnyamatayo adalandira maphunziro apamwamba kuchokera kwa dikoni wa ku SN Sabelnikov. Chilakolako cha mwana wa mabuku chinapangitsanso amayi opeza omwe sakhala okoma mtima, motero, moyo wa m'nyumba ya bambo unasintha. Pofuna kuphunzira, mobisa kuchokera kwa abambo ake mu 1730 ndi katundu, anapita ku Moscow. Sizingatheke kuti munthu wina aliyense woyenda nawo angaganize kuti mnyamata wina woyenda pakhomo panthaŵiyo amatchedwa kuwala kwa sayansi ya Russian. Tiyeni tiyankhule za komwe Lomonosov anaphunzira, wasayansi woyamba wa Russian, wasayansi wa chilengedwe wadziko lonse, wolemba mabuku, nyenyezi, katswiri wa zamagetsi ndi sayansi, wolemba ndakatulo, wamoyo wamaphunziro, wamaphunziro a zaumulungu, wa sayansi ya zamagetsi, wa metallurgist, wojambula zithunzi, wolemba mbiri komanso wolemba mbiri.

Granite Science

Zopinga zambiri zinali paulendo wopita ku sukulu, ngakhale anayenera kutsanzira mwana wamwamuna wolemekezeka wa Kholmogory. Zirizonse zomwe zinali, koma Slavic-Greek-Latin Academy inatengera mwana wamng'onoyo Pomor. Mykhailo Vasilievich anali wamkulu kuposa ophunzira onse a sukuluyi, choncho nthawi zonse ankanyozedwa ndi anzake aang'ono. Komabe, ngakhale zovuta kapena zowawa za ena zalepheretsa chilakolako chophunzira. Lomonosov nthawi yomweyo anasonyeza mphamvu zake zodabwitsa. Iye anali wosiyana ndi kulimbikira ndi chipiriro, kwa chaka anapititsa pulogalamu ya makalasi atatu. Zapoem amawerengera mbiri, zolemba zachipembedzo ndi mabuku ena a zaumulungu omwe amatengedwa ku nyumba ya amishonale ya Zaikonospassky.

Mu 1734, Mikhail anapita ku Kiev ndipo anakhala miyezi ingapo m'makoma a Kiev-Mohyla Academy.

Mu 1736, akuluakulu a sukulu adalandira lamulo loti asankhe wophunzira wabwino kwambiri ku yunivesite ya St. Petersburg ku Academy of Sciences. Poganizira luso la Mikhail Vasilyevich, Asilavo-Greek-Latin Academy amasankha. Ndiyeno chiani? Kodi tsoka lake linali lotani? Kodi Lomonosov anapita kuti?

Malingana ndi zina mwazolembedwa, ntchito yaumulungu ya sayansi yayikulu mtsogolo idafupikitsidwa, ndipo inalibe nthawi yoti ayambe, monga mbiri ndi zolemba zavumbulutsidwa. Chotsatira chake, kuikidwa sikudachitike, koma seminarian yabwino inatumizidwa kumunda wa sayansi yachilengedwe.

Motsogoleredwa ndi VE Adodurov, adayamba kuphunzira masamu, kuchokera kwa Pulofesa G. V. Kraft, adziwana ndi sayansi yodziyesera, naphunzira yekha versification. Malingana ndi umboni wa oyambirira olemba mbiri, panthawi imeneyi yophunzira pang'ono ku Petersburg Academy, Lomonosov "anamvetsera maziko oyamba a filosofi ndi masamu, ndipo anali wofunitsitsa kuchita zimenezi, pochita ndakatulo, koma kuchokera ku ntchito zake zomalizira palibe chomwe chinatuluka. Iye anali ndi kukoma kwakukulu kwa sayansi ya sayansi, chemistry ndi mineralogy. "

Malingana ndi biographical data, m'chaka chomwecho 1736 anatumizidwa kuchokera ku St. Petersburg kuti akapeze migodi ku Germany. Kuwonjezera pa maphunziro omwe adalengezedwa, Lomonosov adalimbikitsa chidziwitso chake cha Chijeremani, adaphunzira zilankhulo za Chifalansa ndi Chiitaliya, kuvina, kujambula ndi kulanda. Ndinadziŵa bwino ntchito za akatswiri afilosofi. Palibe chidziwitso chokwanira momwe Lomonosov anaphunzire pa nthawiyi. Pali zolemba zomwe adakhala zaka zitatu ku Marburg. Kumeneko anakumana ndi Mkristu wokondedwa wake Christian Wolff, kumene anakumana ndi mkazi wake wam'tsogolo. Ophunzira a ku Russia mwamsanga anayamba kukhala mabwenzi ndi anzake a ku Germany. Onse pamodzi ankachita phwando la achinyamata ndi maphwando. Komabe, Lomonosov yemwe anali ndi cholinga anagwiritsa ntchito maphunziro ake pamabuku ndi nyumba. Kwa iye nthawi zonse pa malo oyamba anali kuphunzira ndi sayansi.

Njira zoyamba za sayansi kudziko lakwawo

Mu 1741, Lomonosov anabwerera ku Russia ndipo anayamba kugwira ntchito ku Academy of Sciences. Mu 1745 adakhala pulofesa wa chemistry ndi wophunzira. MV Lomonosov amachititsa ntchito za sayansi ndi zolemba. Pofuna kukhazikitsa sayansi ya dziko, Mikhailo Vasilievich akuyesera kutsegula yunivesite yoyamba m'dziko. Ndipo tsopano sukulu ya sekondale ya ku Moscow ili ndi dzina lake.

Lomonosov mwiniwake anali wasayansi wapadera, yemwe ali ndi zofukulidwa zodziwika bwino m'magulu osiyanasiyana a chidziwitso: astronomy, physics, chemistry, linguistics ndi mabuku.

Zolemba za Lomonosov

Pogwira ntchito pantchito ya sayansi yeniyeni, Mikhailo Vasilyevich sanaiwale za mawu a Chirasha. Anapanga galamala yatsopano ya Chirasha, anasonkhanitsa pamodzi zilankhulidwe zolembera ndi zolemba. Chothandizira chake pakukula kwa zilankhulo ndi zovuta kuzimvetsa. Pofuna kulemba chilankhulo, adafuna kuchepetsa mphamvu ya Aslavi a Tchalitchi, komanso mau achilendo ambiri, m'malo mwawo ndi mawu omwe amalankhula.

Lomonosov adapempha kugwiritsa ntchito mafashoni atatu - otsika, ochepa komanso apamwamba. Pamwamba iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito polemba zolemba, zikondwerero, masalmo achiheberi. Mafilimu ambiri amavomereza makalata ochezeka. Koma otsika anali oyenera kupanga comedy, kulemba epigrams ndi nyimbo. Apa, mosavuta ankaloledwa kugwiritsa ntchito mawu omasulira. Kotero Lomonosov amagwirizanitsa pamodzi akale ndi atsopano. Ntchito zake zolembedwa ndi ndakatulo zinakhudza kwambiri chitukuko cha Chirasha ndi mabuku.

Zochitika za sayansi

Munthu uyu adali ndi chidziwitso chakuya mu sayansi yeniyeni, yomwe inali ndi zinenero zambiri za ku Ulaya. Chilengedwe chachilengedwe chinalola Lomonosov kukhazikitsa maziko a mawu a Chirasha a sayansi. Malamulo omwe apanga m'derali ndi othandiza kwambiri tsopano. Kawirikawiri anthu, makamaka achinyamata omwe alipo, sadziwa ngakhale pang'ono kuti mawu ambiri a sayansi omwe asayansi akugwiritsabe akugwiritsabe ntchito lero. Tengani mawu omwe ali tsopano m'makutu onse: kulemera kwake, kayendetsedwe, zochitika, zochitika za dziko lapansi ...

Mwatsoka, zochepa kwambiri zimadziwika pa moyo wa Lomonosov, mkazi wake ndi ana ake. Pafupifupi zonsezi zimayankhula zambiri za ntchito yake ya sayansi. Moyo wa Lomonosov unali wodzipereka kwathunthu ku sayansi. Ngakhale m'matumba ake, adafuna ntchito ndikupanga sayansi kuti apindule ndi Bamboland.