Kuchuluka lymphocytes mu magazi: zifukwa kuti elucidated

Maselo a dongosolo anthu m'thupi - lymphocytes - m'gulu la leukocyte wa agranulocytes woyera ndi kulenga zinthu mapangidwe chitetezo chokwanira humoral ndi ma. chitetezo chokwanira Humoral akufotokozera chitetezo ndi selo lili kukhudzana ndi maselo akuvutika. lymphocytes komanso zinthu monga oonerera maselo ena magazi ndi zonse zochita zawo, ngati n'koyenera.

Lymphocytes ndi lymphoblasts

Lymphocytes - ndi kupondereza zinthu ma ya dongosolo lonse mthupi mu thupi la munthu, akulowamo magazi kuchokera m'mafupa kenako ntchito mwakhama lymphoid minofu. Ngati kuchuluka lymphocytes mu magazi, chifukwa ichi kufunika yomweyo powunikira ndiponso kufunika koyamba kupanga zasayansi kusanthula wamba. Mu wamkulu nkhani magazi lymphocyte kachigawo kwa 20 - 35 peresenti ya chiwerengero cha maselo oyera. Ena mwa iwo (2%) ndi mu ufulu kufalitsidwa mu magazi zotumphukira, ndi 98% ali zimakhala ndi. Malinga ake lymphocytes morphological makhalidwe anawagawa m'magulu awiri: lalikulu granular (NK maselo immunoblast, lymphoblasts) ndi yaing'ono (T-maselo B-maselo). Onse a maselo amenewa mwakhama ndi lymphoblasts PALI njira mthupi kuli. Ngati mungafufuze okhutira mkulu wa lymphocytes mu magazi, kutanthauza kuti thupi kusintha zoipa zachitika, panali gwero chobisika cha matenda kapena kutupa m'deralo.

lymphocyte gulu

maselo B kudziwa antigens dongosolo mlendo ozama mu thupi. Pa nthawi yomweyo iwo amapanga mamolekyulu mapuloteni kuti n'chongoletsa wothandizila zoipa. T-maselo kuwononga antigens kukhalabe chitetezo chokwanira mu gawo yogwira, kuteteza tithe kumvetsa kumasulira kwake. Kuchuluka lymphocytes mu magazi, chifukwa anthu awa osadziwa, ndi wapezeka ndi magazi. NK lymphocytes kulamulira khalidwe la maselo thupi lonse. Pa nthawi yomweyo iwo kuwononga maselo, si kugwilizana, monga maselo a khansa. T lymphocytes zimapanga 70-80% ya chiwerengero cha B-maselo ndi mu chiŵerengero cha 15-20% ndipo lymphocytes NK kwambiri numerically yaing'ono, amanena si kuposa 5-10%. Ngati kuchuluka lymphocytes mu magazi, zifukwa angakhale osiyana, koma Mulimonsemo ndi mbendera kuti thupi si chabwino.

pathogenesis

Lymphocytes pamodzi ndi zigawo zawo maselo kuthandiza litsatira pathogenesis wa akusowa m'thupi, matenda, khansa, ndi matenda awo sagwirizana, mikangano kumuika ndi, Chofunika kwambiri, matenda autoimmune. Pa ntchito achuluke mlingo wa lymphocytes ndi maonekedwe lymphocytosis, izi zimachitika pa yankho chokwanira ntchito antigenic. Mwina pali kochulukira chiwerengero cha lymphocytes, zikutanthauza chiyambi cha kumenyana maselo ndi antigens. Koma zikhoza kubwera mlingo kuchepa, ngati yankho lokwanira kuti kukondoweza ndi antigens kenako lymphopenia.

kafukufuku wakapangidwe kazachilengedwe wa lymphocytes

Zochita matenda, pali leukemoid anachita lymphatic mtundu, imene pali chitsanzo ndi zinthu khansa aakulu kapena pachimake. Zimenezi ali mononucleosis matenda, chifuwa chachikulu, chindoko ndi brucellosis. Opatsirana mononucleosis - chifukwa cha matenda enaake, zambiri amapezeka ana, yodziwika ndi mkulu mlingo wa leukocytosis chifukwa lymphocytes, amene m'kupita kwa matenda kukhala ndi makhalidwe atsopano zosiyanasiyana morphological. Magazi ali olemera ndi lymphocytes atypical, ndi zizindikiro za dysplasia phata ndipo ukuwonjezeka cytoplasm. Mulimonsemo, pamene anapezeka ndi kuchuluka lymphocytes mu magazi, zimayambitsa adzakhala kuzindikira inathetsedwa kutali zedi.