Kumiza apulo mitengo: zosiyanasiyana, ndemanga ndi malongosoledwe

Today, aliyense nyakulima chachiwiri akufuna kudzala m'dera lawo la mitengo nyenyezi yaing'ono apulo. Makamaka mitengo ing'onoing'ono zipatso anthu amene ali m'dera limene ndinapatsidwa kwa munda, ndi zochepa. "Atumiki" ndi ayamba wotchuka. Izo zimatengera onse compactness awo iwo atenga kuli malo kuposa mtengo wamtali ndi dongosolo amphamvu mizu ndi kufalitsa korona. Kutchuka kuwonjezeka ndi zimatengera pa mlingo kwambiri ya zokolola za mitengo nyenyezi yaing'ono apulo.

Kulima mbewu imeneyi imakhala ndi mbali zake, kudziwa wamaluwa ankachita masewera. ndi nyenyezi yaing'ono apulo mitengo (zosiyanasiyana, ndemanga, ulemu) chiyani? ndi mokoma Kodi chodzala mitengo ndi kuwasamalira?

Imodzi mwa mbewu wotchuka munda

Apulo mtengo umodzi wa anthu otchuka pakati pa alimi Russian mbewu horticultural. mbande zake, maluwa nthawi, imene ndi nthawi kuchokera May kwa June (malingana zosiyanasiyana), ankagwiritsa ntchito mu malo a m'mapaki ndi minda monga kukongoletsa ndi maluwa zomera, koma kukolola.

Zothandiza zimatha maapulo (zipatso globular wobiriwira, ofiira kapena wachikasu, ndi m'mimba mwake wa 15 cm) kudziwika kwa nthawi yaitali. Akukhulupirira kuti tsiku onetsetsani kuti kudya apulo imodzi kuti thupi kudzadza ndi mlingo kofunika chitsulo ndi zakudya zina ndi mavitamini.

Amayi kuphika kwambiri apulo kupanikizana, kupanikizana, compotes ndi timadziti. Iwo ntchito zipatso zokoma apulo kwa vinyo, ambiri otchuka pakati pa mafani kuphika.

Gawo

Izi mitengo ya zipatso ndi osiyana mu mawu a yakucha: oyambirira (yotentha kalasi), pakati (yophukira) ndi mochedwa (yozizira, pozdnezimnie). m'matangadza awo nawonso si yunifolomu. Ena mwa iwo ndi osiyana: mbewu katundu (wolimba mitengo apulo kuti mwakula kwa mbewu) ndi clonal ndikamezetsanidwemo (nyenyezi yaing'ono, theka-nyenyezi yaing'ono, sing'anga).

M'kagulu mitundu ya maapulo:

1. Wamtali - zomera mpaka mamita 8 kutalika, dongosolo muzu bwino akupangidwa malowedwe kwambiri mu nthaka. Akulimbikitsidwa kukula m'madera malo pansi pansipa 3 m.
2. Polukarlikovyh kufika msinkhu wa 5 m. Mwakula m'madera tebulo madzi pa mlingo wa ku 2.5 m.
3. mamita undersized chikhalidwe 2.5 wamtali, ndi ndi osaya (1 m) ndi dongosolo muzu - nyenyezi yaing'ono. Oyenera m'madera ndi mkulu (za 1.5 m) ili pansi.
4. Ndi columnar chilili thunthu popanda nthambi zikuluzikulu.

Kumbali ya kukana kuti ozizira ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana: ozizira zosagwira, kutentha wachikondi. Kukoma: lokoma, wowawasa, wokoma ndi ena.

Kumiza apulo mitengo: mitundu, ndemanga

The sukulu bwino kusankha malo chilichonse chofunika kuti mitengo ya zipatso chaka zokondweretsa eni mkulu zokolola. Wamaluwa zambiri zabwino za birches nyenyezi yaing'ono. Ndipotu, si capricious kwambiri chisamaliro.

wotchuka IV Michurin ankakhulupirira kuti bwino za bizinesi, ie, kukwaniritsa ntchito Napempha kwa munda zokolola, anaganiza kuti anali kusankha bwino mitundu. Nazonso ndi mitengo nyenyezi yaing'ono apulo. Mitundu, ndemanga, mbali kubzala ndi kusamalira iwo zilipo poyera. Pali oposa 10 zikwi. Zosiyanasiyana mitengo. Ziwalo mayankho awo kusiyanitsa zabwino nyenyezi yaing'ono mtengo wa apulo mitundu.

Reviews, zithunzi kuwerenga ndi M'nkhani. Wamaluwa kupeza kuti ndi kusankha mitundu oyenera m'dera la okhala mitengo nyenyezi yaing'ono, kutsatira malamulo a kubzala ndi chisamaliro, akhoza kupereka kubala wolemera.

chilimwe

Best Chilimwe nyenyezi yaing'ono apulo mitengo (zosiyanasiyana, ndemanga, mafotokozedwe):

• "Melba" - mkulu ololera zosiyanasiyana. Fruiting akuyamba m'chaka chachitatu. Kucha maapulo a nyengo: mapeto a July - August. Iwo ali kukula sing'anga, ndi yowutsa mudyo zamkati ndi caramel kununkhira.
• "Maswiti" - oyambirira kukhwima mitundu ayipanga breeder IV Michurin. Zipatso za maphatikizidwe wa onunkhira, zokoma. Mu ofunda ndi mvula chilimwe kusasitsa kumayambira August. Kulemera kwa zipatso munthu ukufika 120, iwo adzakhale ndi mdima wobiriwira rind, wandiweyani ndipo yowutsa mudyo zamkati.
• "Zodabwitsa" - mochedwa yotentha zosiyanasiyana ndi mkulu yozizira hardiness. Fruiting umayamba chaka chachinayi cha kubzala. Iwo amapereka mkulu zokolola (kwa makilogalamu 75). Kulemera kwa zipatso - 140 ga mawonekedwe apulo - lathyathyathya chonse, pang'ono ribbed. Mtundu - lachikasu wobiriwira ndi olemera mdima wofiira manyazi ndi kukoma yowala mchere.

m'dzinja

wosuta amasankha bwino m'dzinja nyenyezi yaing'ono apulo mitengo (ndemanga mitundu):

• "Zhiguli". mitengo Fruiting umayamba m'chaka chachitatu. The zosiyanasiyana ali mkulu mlingo wa sichisinthasinthanso, zilibe kongoletsani lokha tizirombo ndi matenda. Kucha maapulo - kumapeto September. Izi zipatso zazikulu ndi red-lalanje peel. Reviews wamaluwa, malinga pachaka mtengo kudya kwa nthawi yaitali conserves fruiting zabwino ndi zipatso lalikulu kukula.
• "Yophukira milozo." Mitengo ya mitundumitundu ili akulimbikitsidwa yozizira pogona, monga yozizira koopsa ingawononge mkulu kunama mizu. Zipatso ndi mawonekedwe anamaliza, kulemera ndi 200 ga, chekeni yowala chikasu, kuwala kukoma, wokoma ndi wowawasa. Mtundu undemanding zosiyanasiyana yosungirako (pa kutentha kwa madigiri 6).
• "Touchdown". Zosagwira zosiyanasiyana ali ndi kutentha otsika ndi nkhanambo. Yambani wa fruiting, malingana ndi dera, ndi cha chaka chachitatu mutabzala. Zokolola za makilogalamu mpaka 130. zipatso lalikulu, ploskookrugloy kupanga wandiweyani yosalala khungu Kamaoneka yofiira mtundu, wowala lokoma ndi wowawasa kukoma.
• "Sokolovsky." Fruiting mitundu akuyamba m'chaka chachinayi. Zokolola - pafupifupi 85 kg. Maapulo lalikulu, wolemera pafupi 190 ga, ndi mtundu enaake achikasu ndi wofiira omveka. Kukoma ndi wokoma ndi wowawasa, mmene machulukitsidwe.

Zima

Monga wamaluwa bwino otchedwa yozizira nyenyezi yaing'ono mitengo apulo (ndemanga mitundu):

• "Bratchud". Tree utali wapakatikati (m 2), zipatso umayamba zaka 3-4 zakubadwa. zipatso zake - 120 makilogalamu. Kalasi ali hardiness mkulu ndi fruiting zonse. Zipatso ndi elongated anamaliza mawonekedwe ndi noticeable khalidwe ribbing mbali msoko, kufika mtengo ndithu. The peel ndi yosalala ndi chonyezimira, ndi mtundu enaake achikasu. thupi ndi zoyera, slabosochnaya, coarse-grained, ndi yowala kukoma lokoma ndi wowawasa.
• "Grushovka Podmoskovnaya". Imodzi mwa mitundu otchulidwa wamaluwa. Ambiri amanena kuti ndi bwino nyenyezi yaing'ono apulo mitengo kwa dela la mzinda. Mitundu, ndemanga imene osiyana, ndi mphamvu zawo ndi zofooka. "Grushovka wakunja kwatawuni" - wotchuka zosiyanasiyana zimene kugonjetsedwa ndi nkhanambo. Zipatso ndi zaka 5-6, mkulu zokolola wosasunthika. Maapulo ang'ono, ozungulira-elongated mawonekedwe. Pafupifupi musati kuvunda. Khungu lachikasu, ndi mbali wofiira.
• "Hercules" ali ndi yotakata nthambi korona, napempha kuti kuonjezera zokolola za kudulira yapachaka nthambi zakale. Wood ali hardiness ndithu, pafupifupi osati anakhudzidwa ndi tizirombo ndi matenda. Zipatso elongated, ndi mtundu wofiira ndi wachikasu. Wowawasa kukoma, amatikumbutsa Antonovka.
• "Moscow mkanda" - zosiyanasiyana latsopano umabala zipatso zaka zitatu mutabzala. Zipatso amasiyana chachikulu. Khungu - ofiira owala, yowutsa mudyo, wotumbululuka pinki thupi ndi lokoma ndi wowawasa kukoma.
• "Free" umabala zipatso m'chaka chachinayi mutabzala. Zokolola za makilogalamu mpaka 110 pa mtengo. Chochititsa chidwi zipatso kukula, mawonekedwe ndi lathyathyathya chonyezimira khungu enaake chikasu. Kulawa - mchere.
• "Snowdrop" - yozizira-Hardy, kugonjetsedwa ndi nkhanambo chotupa kalasi. Zokolola - 90 kg. Zipatso mawonekedwe - adzakhale tapered, kulemera 170 ga peel mtundu - kuwala chikasu, ndi manyazi wofiira. Kukoma - okoma ndi wowawasa.

Kodi kusiyanitsa mbande ya mitengo nyenyezi yaing'ono apulo mitundu ina?

Anthu ambiri amafunsa za mmene kukula ndi zimene ali nyenyezi yaing'ono mtengo wa apulo mitundu ndemanga. Mmera kufunika kusankha pamene kugula mosamala.

mbande nyenyezi yaing'ono apulo wamkulu ku yachibadwa ntchito kufunika mitundu chitsa. Zimenezi ndi yaitali ndithu, kotero wamaluwa amakonda kugula okonzeka zopangidwa zomera.

Pogula chiopsezo kuti kusokoneza "atumiki" ndi mbande mitundu ina.

Popewa izi, m'pofunika kuganizira mbali awo ndi osiyana:

• pa malo inoculation, amene ali pamphambano ya khosi ndi mbande ndi bole ayenera kukhala bwino wolemekezeka Chigawo;
• mitengo ochiritsira apulo ndi wapampopi mizu, mu nyenyezi yaing'ono ndi mizu ang'onoang'ono fibrous;
• kusiyana waukulu pakati pa mbewu zabwino mizu ya mitengo nyenyezi yaing'ono apulo ndi kuti iwo amakhala mwatsopano ndi zotanuka;
• pa nthaka ya mitengo apamwamba sayenera atayanika mmwamba makungwa kapena nthambi za kuvulala;
• thunthu columnar apulo, mosiyana ndi nyenyezi yaing'ono, yosalala, ndi pafupifupi munthu nthambi;
• zaka ziwiri mmera wa mitengo nyenyezi yaing'ono apulo malekezero a nthambi ali masamba lalikulu, thunthu kutalika ndi zosakwana 50 cm, chiwerengero cha nthambi inkayenda pang'ono.

Wamaluwa adzasiya maganizo abwino kwa mitengo nyenyezi yaing'ono apulo. Koma tiyenera kusamalitsa kayendedwe. Chikadzangotha kugula mmera wa mitengo nyenyezi yaing'ono apulo ayenera atakulungidwa mu nsalu yonyowa pokonza. Chifukwa chitetezo cha nthambi pamene amakasiya iwo kukokera kuyandikira kwa thunthu ndi wotetezedwa mwa twayini. Atafika pamalo kamodzi anabzala mtengo ndipo onetsetsani kuti kutsanulira.

About ankafika

Kodi kudzala mu mitengo pansi nyenyezi yaing'ono apulo? Kalasi mavoti, amene anafufuza nyota za nkhaniyi, amafuna lachonde.

Nthawi yabwino kubzala, monga alimi, - kasupe, atangotha snowmelt. nthaka ikhale zofunika kuchuluka kwa fetereza. malo ayenera kukwezeka ndi kutetezedwa mphepo. Kukula osati padzuwa, koma madera komanso pang'ono shaded kumiza mitengo apulo (zosiyanasiyana). Reviews, ankafika pa adiresi mu oered choyamba, kutsimikizira kuti m'pofunika kusankha malo abwino kwa mitengo.

Musanayambe kubzala, mbande ayenera kudula pang'ono kuti apange m'munsi thunthu korona. Patapita chaka chimodzi, mitengo kukula tadulidwa. Pamene mwachita bwino, njira izi apulo yaitali amakhalabe wamng'ono, ndi zipatso za kukula ndithu.

mbande nyenyezi yaing'ono apulo ookedwa m'madera tebulo madzi pa mtunda wa osachepera 1.5 mamita kuchokera pamwamba. Mtunda pakati pa mitengo ayenera kukhala 2x3 kapena 3x3 mamita magawo ankafika dzenje .:

• Mwatsatanetsatane: 50 cm;
• Awiri: 60-70 cm.

Topsoil, kuchotsedwa pamene kukumba dzenje kudzachitike mosiyana onse a dziko lapansi zakale.

Mu dzenje kubzala ayenera anakumba kuwonjezera chidebe cha manyowa, kusakaniza ndi wosanjikiza pamwamba pa nthaka, kutsanulira chidebe cha madzi ndi kusonkhezera kachiwiri.

Mmera mizu aikidwa mu misa chifukwa yonyowa wokutidwa ndi dothi. Malo katemera ayenera 2-3 masentimita pamwamba pa nthaka. Earth kuti osindikizidwa ndi awiri a mozungulila-thunthu ndi kupanga wodzigudubuza mu msinkhu ndi 10 cm ulimi wothirira.

Za maonekedwe a kusamalira mbewu

funso lofunika kwambiri ndi chotani chisamaliro amafuna nyenyezi yaing'ono mitengo apulo (zosiyanasiyana). Reviews, kusamalira mitengo m'pofunika kuphunzira pasadakhale, ngakhale pamaso kugula.

Mbande ya mitengo nyenyezi yaing'ono apulo ndi undemanding kwambiri chisamaliro.

M'nthawi ya chilimwe, ayenera mitengo madzi (1-2 zidebe wa madzi kamodzi pa sabata). Komanso, kufunika feteleza:

• Kulowetsedwa mullein (1:10). Mu madzi (10 zitini) anali kusungunuka mullein (1 ndowa), thovu (akukankha) mu masiku 10-12. The kulowetsedwa chifukwa (1 L) Kenako kusungunuka 10 L madzi.
• zitosi Chicken (1:20). A njira ya nkhuku manyowa (1 ndowa) sitimadzipereka mu pails 20 a madzi, thovu (akukankha) mu masiku 10-12. Ndiye malita 0.5 a osakaniza chifukwa wasukuluka malita 10 a madzi.

Mbande ayenera kuthiriridwa kuchuluka kwa fetereza 1-2 ndowa pansi pa mtengo wina. Pambuyo kuthirira kapena mvula nthaka unachitikira ayenera anamasuka. Feteleza malekezero mu August, m'madera ambiri kumpoto - kumapeto kwa July.

Kusamalira mitengo akulu apulo: masika

M'chaka, mwamsanga pamene dzuwa akuyamba konzekera, ndi mitengo apulo, zonse kuchotsa warmers kuti mitengo kutetezedwa kwa dzinja, kenako chitani kudulira ukhondo. Nthambi, kuonongeka ndi chisanu, m'pofunika kudula. Komanso, kuyendera korona mosamala kuchotsa tizirombo alipo. Kenako, pansi pa mitengo apulo umuna, scavenge pafupi ndi mitengo ndi kuutentha. nthaka ayenera anakumba kuti akuya masentimita 5-7, mu makungwa a mitengo kuti zovuta (munali kufufuza zinthu, kukhathamitsa pansi) ndi asafe (kuti yambitsa njira vegetative) feteleza. Mu makungwa bwino nyengo laimu.

Kasupe ndi anagwiritsanso katatu kupopera mitengo njira yapadera:

• isanafike kutupa masamba ndi;
• pamene kutupa;
• pambuyo Mphukira mkangano.

Ndondomeko kumatha tizirombo ndi matenda a mafangasi. Pamaso pa chiyambi cha kudzutsidwa tizilombo ayenera kumanga zopinga madzi: misampha, makungwa mphepo misampha mabacteria.

Events akuluakulu pa chisamaliro mtengo m'chilimwe

Ndi isanayambike yotentha nthaka ayenera kwambiri kuunikira pafupi ndi mitengo apulo ndi boma la mitengo okha. Panthawi imeneyi, chisamaliro ndi yake madzi okwanira ndi ulamuliro tizilombo (ankachitira pa kudziwika mitengo matenda ndi moyandikana mmera njira yapadera).

Panthawi imeneyi inatenga ntchito foliar. Mbewu otentha nyengo kudyetsedwa nyenyezi yaing'ono asafe. Pa kudziwika akusowa zomera aliyense kufufuza amafotokozera ali sprayed ndi chida chapadera chomwe angapereke apulo zonse zofunikira. Pamene kuchepa kwa zachitsulo (zimachitika kawirikawiri), zomera ndi kukonzedwa Vitriol.

M'dzinja apulo chisamaliro wamkulu

Yophukira nthawi - nthawi ya kukolola. Padziko apulo ayenera anachotsa zinyalala zonse: wagwa masamba, nthambi ndi maapulo - pofuna kupewa maonekedwe a nkhungu zowola. M'pofunikanso kuti apange feteleza, kuchita nthambi kudulira kuti kuonongeka ndi tizilombo kapena kuwonongeka ena.

Kuyenera pereryhlit dothi mozungulira mitengo apulo: chifukwa kuphwanya angathe yozizira kutchinjiriza tizilombo usiku. M'pofunika kuteteza makungwa ku makoswe, mumakhala ndi chuma denga, kufalitsa nyambo chifukwa mbewa.

Kumiza apulo mitengo: mitundu, phindu lenileni

• Kukula yaing'ono limakupatsani mitengo pa malo ambiri a iwo.
• Kale kwambiri kuposa munda mwachizolowezi akubwera fruiting bonsai: zambiri pa chaka chachitatu mutabzala. Mwachitsanzo, kalasi ya "ankafika" Anthu ananena kuti oyambirira, wokhala fruiting pa chaka chachitatu pambuyo kumezetsanitsa. Kutalika kwa nthawi vegetative a kalasi anasonyeza - pafupifupi 150 masiku, zokolola - mpaka makilogalamu 130 pa mtengo.
• Zokolola bonsai kumangidwa mofulumira chaka chilichonse ndipo sasiyana ku kanjedza vysokorastuschih apulo. Choncho, wamaluwa Polesie ndi ngakhale Nechernozemie zabwino za mitundu ya "Melba", "Kumpoto synaptic", "Antonovka", wakula ndi nyenyezi yaing'ono Ikani kumezetsanitsa. Izi sukulu sitingafunikire kutero kusamalidwa, iwo yodziwika ndi zokolola mkulu, ndi zina zonse kuposa kufupi vysokorastuschih apulo.
• Zokolola za mtengo mitundu wamba: 1 nthawi mu zaka 2, mu nyenyezi yaing'ono - 1 kamodzi pa chaka.
• Polingalira za kukula otsika a mitengo ndi mosavuta kukolola, kuti kuwunika kusasitsa wa mitengo. Osada kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zapadera nthambi kudula. Wamaluwa kuti korona yaying'ono mitundu yambiri ya thunthu nyenyezi yaing'ono ndi waufupi: "Kumpoto synaptic", "Melba", "Antonovka" ndi ena mwa zaka 10 ndi kutalika osapitirira 2.5 m.
• Small apulo kukula ndi zazing'ono nthambi akorona amafuna zochepa mphamvu zimene zimapangitsa mkulu-kalori chakudya zipatso.
• Kuwayika dongosolo muzu pafupi pamwamba pa nthaka akulola sapling yomweyo kuyankha feteleza ndi kuthirira. Choncho, apulo mitundu "Melba", "Kumpoto synaptic", "Antonovka", mu maganizo sangakhoze anabzala mu maenje. Wamaluwa amalangiza kuthira phiri laling'ono, kutalika kwa masentimita za 30 ndi masentimita 100 awiri, kuwapanga kuzamitsa ndi mitengo kumeneko, ndi oposa theka la nyenyezi yaing'ono ndi kuzamitsa pa Ikani. Njira kubzala amaperekedwa mu chaka choyamba cha regrowth ku malo inoculation mwini mizu. Olemba onani, pakalibe ndemanga kufunika kuthirira kawirikawiri mitengo nyenyezi yaing'ono apulo. Mitengo sukulu "mabusa Perry", "bratchud", "snowdrop" wogwiritsa amafuna kuthirira zonse lokha pa dzinja choyamba mutabzala. mitengo okhwima bwino kuchita popanda kuthirira.
• Small mtengo kukula amalola ntchito zochepa fetereza kwa iwo, komanso kuchepetsa ndalama kupopera.
• Kagulu apulo kukula kumawonjezera nthawi yokonzekera iwo kwa bedi yozizira, umene iwo sali owopa kugwa frosts. Anthu onani chisanu, komanso kukana kuti matenda a mitundu yozizira, monga "snowdrop», №57-145, №57-233. kalasi lomaliza amatanthauza theka-nyenyezi yaing'ono, chisanu ake kuposa zonse mitundu odziwika mizu mtengo kulekerera kutentha pansi digiri 16 opanda Celsius. Komanso, ambiri opereka ndemanga kuona kuti mitundu theka-nyenyezi yaing'ono ndi zambiri yotheka poyerekeza ndi nyenyezi yaing'ono ndi. Pamakhala mizu zimawathandiza ndi kuchuluka pang'ono nkhuni kupereka zokolola apamwamba.

zolakwa

• Moyo wa mitengo nyenyezi yaing'ono apulo theka wamfupi kusiyana ndi anzawo wamtali. Koma pali kuphatikiza - mwayi uliwonse zaka 20 m'malo mitundu ndi zambiri zamakono.
• Kupeza mizu pafupi pamwamba ndi zinadzala ndi ngozi yozizira koopsa. Mosamala kwanyengo a dongosolo muzu.
• Pamwamba kupeza mizu amafuna lachonde.
• Mkulu zokolola za maapulo nthawi zina zimabweretsa khalidwe osauka a zipatso zawo. mitengo wakuta kumabweretsa monyanyira fruiting. Kuthetsa inu muyenera kukatenga kuchokera inflorescences anthu owonjezera.
• Katundu zipatso zina amatsogolera n'kuwononga kuti mitengo ing'onoing'ono. Pofuna kupewa izi, adzaika thandizo lapadera kwa nthambi ndi thunthu.

Mayeso kwa gulu pakati

Amadziwika kuti pa mitengo ya zipatso yakucha zimadalira nyengo.

Wamaluwa bwino kukumbukira mawu wa tate wa kusankha mitundu IVMichurin kufunika kuchita makalasi magawidwe phunziro mphamvu zomuthandiza matenda a mitengo apulo a mudera nyengo ndi chisanu.

Tanena kale bwino mitengo nyenyezi yaing'ono apulo kwa dela la mzinda (sukulu). Reviews wamaluwa otchulidwa ndi hybrids, komanso mitengo kuwetedwa ndi nthawi zosiyanasiyana yakucha.

Moscow - malo a gulu pakati, abwino kwa kulima oyambirira kukhwima, m'ma nyengo ndi mitundu mochedwa.

bwino njirazi ndi izi:

• "Melba", "maswiti" yotentha mitundu;
• m'dzinja "Zhiguli", "yophukira milozo";
• Zima "Perry mabusa," "ziphona," "Arbat", "Moscow mkanda", "Lobo" (zochepa zapitazi zosiyanasiyana ndi mpweya wambiri wa kukoma zipatso, ndi kuteteza fruiting, mitengo hardiness).

Kulima "atumiki" mu Tatarstan

Kwakung'ono wamaluwa, zochokera zotsatira za zatsopano ndi chidaliro kuti Tatarstan - abwino nyengo m'dera mukhoza kukula mitengo nyenyezi yaing'ono apulo (zosiyanasiyana). Reviews, Tatarstan amene amatchula zambiri zokwanira kuti atsimikizire kuti m'dera lino mukhoza kupeza kukolola.

Mwachitsanzo, mu zinthu zinafika poipa kwambiri a Tatarstan (bugulma-belebey zomwe zili kutentha yozizira kufika opanda madigiri 40, panali kasupe mochedwa ndi oyambirira yophukira frosts kwambiri) wamaluwa bwinobwino kukula paradizku 62-396, ndi "Moscow Perry" ndi intercalary mayikidwe a phesi paradizki.

Pamene nyengo wamaluwa amene adakuyitanani zinthu ziwiri:

• chisanu zabwino (amasunga kutentha nthaka madigiri opanda 5,10 pa okwana mpweya kutentha kwa madigiri 35 opanda Celsius);
• chivundikiro katundu nthaka (dongo ndipo loam) zimathandiza kuti yamphamvu wabwino wa dongosolo mizu, amasunga mtengo pa otsetsereka mu pamaso pa yambiri yokolola.

mfundozi komanso ndi zoyipa ndi kulimbana nazo: mitengo Spring tiyenera kukumba kuchokera chisanu chisanu misa si anathyola nthambi.

Kuti adziteteze ku makoswe chifukwa cha chisanu bole mkulu m'pofunika kukweza ndi kutalika kwa 1.2 -1.4 mamita ndi kugwa kumulowetsa phula pepala kapena zinthu denga.

mitengo kulima nyenyezi yaing'ono apulo mu Madera a Volga Middle ndi Urals Kumwera (Bashkiria)

Low mitengo rootstocks nyenyezi yaing'ono ndi ayamba wotchuka pakati wamaluwa osati Mzere kum'mwera, komanso madera nyengo wouma mtima, zomwe ndi mbali ya Volga Middle ndi Urals Kumwera (Bashkiria).

Kodi mungachite kukula nyenyezi yaing'ono apulo mitengo (mitundu)? Reviews, Bashkiria umatchedwanso iwo, akuti, m'dera lino, ambiri anabzala mtundu uwu wa apulo.

The wokongola kwambiri wamaluwa ndi mitengo apulo ndi msinkhu wa ku 3-3,5m yodziwika ndi maonekedwe oyambirira a zipatso ndi mkulu zokolola:

• "Spartak", "kutuzovets", "Kuibyshevskoe", "mwana wamkazi Papirovka", "Zhigulevskoye" (Avereji Volga);
• "Bashkir wokongola", "Moscow Perry", "pansi", "siliva claw", "bratchud" (Bashkiriya).

Zosiyanasiyana bwino mogwirizana ndi rootstocks clonal. Kukolola koyamba mu rootstocks theka-nyenyezi yaing'ono anasonkhana pa chaka 3-4 mutabzala, malonda - 4-5 chaka.

Mitengo rootstocks nyenyezi yaing'ono ndi zochepa ndinazolowera: zaka 2-3, iwo kungokhala pamodzimodzi chifukwa Mumakonda zipatso. Pa zaka 7-8 zipatso akale nthawi.

Mu mavuto a m'dera (kutentha kwa m'chizimezime olimapo m'nyengo yozizira - opanda madigiri 13-15 m'chilimwe - kuphatikiza madigiri 60-64 Celsius, chonde - otsika), ndi dzanja yabwino umboni:

• polukarlikovyh rootstocks: E-56, 64-143, "Ural 11" E-63,54-118 "Ural-5 ';
• nyenyezi yaing'ono rootstocks: K-2 ATP-7, "18 mkono" P-60 "Ural-1".

"Atumiki" m'madera kum'mwera

zigawo Southern, makamaka Rostov - yabwino dera kukula mitengo nyenyezi yaing'ono apulo. Apa wamaluwa kubzala mitengo nyenyezi yaing'ono apulo (zosiyanasiyana). Reviews, Rostov dera lomwe komanso ankamuona ngati dera yabwino kwa ikamatera apulo, kuti loyamba la onse ayenera kumatsatira nthaka ndi nyengo.

Ndithudi akulimbikitsidwa kulima m'derali, mitundu zotsatirazi wa mitengo ya zipatso pa rootstocks nyenyezi yaing'ono ndi theka-nyenyezi yaing'ono:

• M1, M3 (sredneroslye);
• M9, MM106, paradizka Budagovsky (ndi digiri ya chiopsezo);
• 54-118, 03/03/35, 62-396, 05/03/44. 03/03/72, 01/03/76 (mkulu hardiness);
• paradizki Serdyukov (mwapadera mkulu yozizira hardiness).

Kumiza mitengo apulo - ano chifukwa ubwino wake angatsutse pakati wamaluwa m'madera osiyanasiyana m'dzikoli.

Masankhidwe a mitundu oyenera m'dera la okhala mitengo kungokhala pamodzimodzi, mogwirizana ndi malamulo a kubzala ndi chisamaliro adzapereka kwa nthawi yaitali, mkulu zokolola za nyenyezi yaing'ono munda.