L. I. Brezhnev: maliro, tsiku, chithunzi

Mu 1982, pa dacha wake "District 6" anafa L. I. Brezhnev. Pamaliro anali khalidwe kumusangalatsa mu mbiri ya USSR, kukatsanzikana mutu wa Republic Socialist nawo oimira mayiko 35 a dziko.

Mwachidule yonena za Brezhnev

Leonid Brezhnev anabadwa mu Ukraine mu Kamenka pa December 19 mu 1906. Pa zaka 18 monga mutu wa malo apamwamba mu Soviet Union. Tsogolo mlembi wamkulu anali mwana wamkulu mu banja la antchito, pambuyo adabala Yakobo ndi Faith. Mu 1915 analowa sekondale, pamene anamaliza mu 1921. Mu 1923 iye analandira mu Komsomol. 1927 maphunziro College of yoyeza, dziko kuyeza, pambuyo maphunziro, iye anagwira woyamba kunyumba, ndiye kuti azikatumikira ku Urals lapansi.

Mu 1935 anamaliza madzulo luso DMI (zitsulo Institute) ndi mulingo wa zomangamanga. Iye anatumikira mu Red Army mlangizi ndale mpaka 1936, mofanana mitengo maphunziro a motorization, iye analimbikitsa kuti msilikali. Mu 1950, mlembi woyamba wa Komiti Central, Moldova, mu 1954 kunditumiza ku Kazakhstan. Mu 1964 iye anali nawo m'gulu la kuchepetsa N. S. Hruscheva ku malo ake, ndipo anapereka kwa miyeso thupi kuthetsa.

Mofanana 1964 October 14, Brezhnev anasankhidwa mlembi woyamba wa CPSU Committee Central. Malinga Biryukova, cholinga anafuna ngati muyeso kanthawi kochepa sankhani okhazikika mlembi wamkulu. Koma Leonid Ilyich unkatchedwa pulogalamu yaikulu kubwerera mfundo Leninist, ndipo patangopita miyezi yochepa, palibe amene anaganiza za kusamuka kwa mutu wa boma.

ntchito zopanikiza

Stalin anasankha mnzake alonda zambiri za ntchito yapadera, koma nthawi zonse ankalamulira ntchito za Brezhnev. Nthawi pamene Leonid Brezhnev anali mtsogoleri wa mbewu zitsulo, anadzazidwa kuyitana usiku, nkhawa zonse ndi chogwira ntchito mopitirira muyeso. Malinga ndi mkazi wake, Victoria Petrovna, kuti kugwa mu "khola", mwamuna wake ntchito kwa masiku angapo. Zonse nkhawa, amene si analoledwa kumasuka kwa tsiku, nambala yaikulu ndudu kusuta kuchichepetsa thanzi Brezhnev a. Michael Zhiharev, amene ankagwira naye Kazakhstan, ananena kuti Leonid Ilyich anakomoka ndi kutopa, wake anawatengera ku chipatala, koma pambuyo maola ochepa anabweranso kuntchito.

Pa ndime ndi kutopa kulimbikira, thanzi Brezhnev ndi kuonongedwa mantha. Chikhalidwe sizimadziwika wa Stalin anzake a intrigue ndi tcheru nthawi zonse anthu zochita zake panthawi ina anathyola munthu uyu amphamvu. Koma Stalin woyanjidwa mnzake yogwira, iye anati: munthu ambiri odzipereka - ndi Brezhnev. Maliro a Stalin, fano lake ndi Mlangizi, Leonid Ilyich anazunzika nkhonya mwadzidzidzi kuchokera kumbuyo. Pamaliro adafuwula, osati kubisala mtima.

Pokumbukira zanu ku tsikulo, ndi sitiroko zinachitika koyamba mu 1959 pambuyo kucheza kwambiri ndi Kirichenko A. I. vuto lonse zovuta chifukwa chakuti Brezhnev yekha sanali zipatala ndi madokotala. Iye ankaona kovuta wodwala zovuta kusunga mu bedi. Mu 1968, mlembi wamkulu amanyamula hypertensive mavuto zoyenera boma la Russia, kukana m'chipatala ndi kuyesa ntchito. Motero, mavuto anayamba chipangizo mawu. Mu 1974, akatswiri a mbiri yakale, penyani kolowera dzuwa palokha wandale Brezhnev.

usiku wa imfa

M'mawa wa November 10, Victoria Petrovna, mkazi wa Brezhnev, anaima pa 8, namwino chinamupangitsa jakisoni insulin. Leonid Ilyich kugonera kumbali yake, ndipo iye sanali kukamuutsa. Vladimir Sobachenkov, Mlembi General asilikali olondera mfumu, kukamuona Mphindi 20 Patapita anatsegula makatani kuchipinda, getsi pang'ono. Pa anayendera pafupi, mnyamatayu anazindikira kuti Mlembi General si kupuma, ndi yomweyo kusamalira kwambiri unit. Doctor Chazov EI Ine ndinapita kwa mphindi 12 pamaso ambulansi ndi galimoto. dokotala panokha Kudziwitsidwa imfa ya mwamuna Viktorii Brezhnevoy ndipo anafunsa kusamala kuti uza zinthu zoipa za atsogoleri apamwamba.

Pribytkov V. (wantchito wa Komiti chapakati cha Party Communist) anati:

"Ndinachita chidwi ndi chakuti usiku sanali imfa ya positi zachipatala dziko."

Medvedev V. (msilikali) anati:

"Tinazindikira kuti pakupita masiku. Aliyense amafuna chochitika sizinachitike mu kosangalatsa wake. "

maliro Tsiku Brezhneva Leonida Ilicha anaika lamulo wapadera wa November 15.

November 11, 1982

Pa tsiku ili, dziko sanadziwe za imfa ya Mlembi General. Official zindikirani zimaikidwa pa November 12 komabe ankaona kuti chinachake chinali chitachitika. Pa 12 pm, pomwepo zimafika magulu onse m'sukulu, okwerera sitima alipo, ndi Red Square. Pa TV, mapulogalamu kusintha, mafilimu komanso zosangalatsa m'malo makonsatiwo anakonza kuyika zochitika za m'mbiri ndi kuvina.

Modzipereka kukhazikitsa Commission kuti "maliro boma la Russia a." Brezhnev anali kuwatumiza kwa mzinda kosungira mitembo, kumene zovala ake ndi kugwiritsa ntchito ongowalingalirawa. Udindo ntchito Andropov anaikidwa kukhala wolowa m'tsogolo Mlembi General.

tsoka anthu

November 12 pa 10 koloko TV analengeza uthenga wa imfa ya Leonida Ilicha. Mumsasa wa maliro, zimafika zinthu zonse. Brezhnev nyengo inatha. Anthu a Russia, ngakhale nkhani oukira za bere kukulitsa malamulo ndi waulesi mawu, amakonda mlembi wamkulu. Ndi pamene anachuluka utolankhani ndi kusindikiza, pambuyo Stalin kufufuza kwambiri. Ngakhale banja sankadziwa mtengo wa mankhwala, Leonid Brezhnev anapempha ziwerengero mlungu uliwonse ndi ankadziwa zambiri kilo wa tomato. Wachangu kwambiri amafuna kutsimikizira kwa dziko kuti ngakhale pansi sosholisimu anthu akhoza kukhala moyo mu chitukuko.

Koma, mukumbukire wa tulo yoopsa maliro a Stalin, chimene chinapha anthu ambiri, boma anatseka misewu zonse Moscow. Kulemekeza kukumbukira zitha anasankha anthu ndi oimira limati yachilendo. Brezhnev, amene maliro anadabwa m'maganizo ndi sikelo yake, tanthauzo ndi ukulu wa mwambo Akulira Maliro mu ulendo wake omaliza anapita pansi maganizo chisoni kusintha m'tsogolo dziko.

Zokambirana maliro (1)

Kuyambira November 12 ndi 15 kuphatikiza mu dziko maliro. Ndi zoletsedwa kugwira ntchito iliyonse, anatseka masukulu, kindergartens, ambiri mwa makampani ndi mafakitale. Pa TV ndi mawailesi zimafika mapulogalamu onse ukufalitsidwa chakale kuvina.

Brezhnev wa maliro Nkhani imayamba ndi kutsanzikana mu Nyumba ya mabungwe. Nyumba ya mizati akhoza kubwera aliyense kusonyeza msonkho wotsiriza kwa mlembi wamkulu wa dziko lalikulu. Lemekeza kukumbukira nthumwi za India, lotsogoledwa ndi Nduna Indira Gandhi, ndi wapampando wa komiti wamkulu wa PLO, Yasser Arafat mabungwe.

November 15 kuchokera 5:00 m'mawa mpaka 11:00 m'mawa - Watch kulira anthu aulemu wa Politburo, ziwerengero kwambiri ndi luso ndi chikhalidwe, oimira ndi atumiki a Boma zachuma. Kukumbukira anafika Metropolitan Pimen ndi Filaret. m'bokosi anali chokongoletsedwa ndi maliboni phindu maliro a masentimita 40 ndi zikwi za nkhata.

Kuyambira 11,00 kuti 11,20 pafupi womwalirayo anali abale okha, mkazi Victoria Petrovna, mwana wamkazi Galina, mwana George, m'bale wake wa Yakobo ndi mlongo Vera.

Mu 1130 pansi phokoso la maliro fambani bokosi aikidwa pa mfuti ophimba ndi pang'onopang'ono kuchotsedwa holo pa Red Square. The woyamba kutsanzikana motorcade anali achibale, amasonyeza Mlembi General, mamembala a atsogoleri Politburo, boma chipani. Pamaso anagwira nkhata ndi maliboni womwalirayo komanso mphoto zambiri.

Pa 12,45 bokosi anali adatchithisira mmanda. National nyimbo, pambuyo sawatcha zida zankhondo, kung'ung'uza mafakitale, makina, anaphatikizapo siren pa sitima ndi m'madoko ankaba kuntchito kwawo - chizindikiro chakuti Brezhnev anafa. Maliro kusuntha kwa Gawo lachiwiri.

Zokambirana maliro (2)

Pa 13,00 atsogoleri chipani ndi atsogoleri kuuka kwa Mausoleum. Iwo akuyamba perete wa Moscow asilikali.

Kulira masewera kutsegulidwanso Andropov, kenako malankhulidwe ndi kutsanzikana anali ogwirizana ena mlembi wamkulu. Pambuyo anthu a kumayiko ena anabwera kupereka msonkho kwa manda a munthu wamkulu.

dziko lonse anaonerera moyo otumidwa kwa ulendo wake omaliza Brezhnev Leonid. Kulengeza maliro pa njira yoyamba ya Ostankino TV ndi mawailesi.

Mfundo ndi curiosities weniweni

The mbale choyamba mwambowo anali vuto malamulo. Mwa mwambo wina ndi malamulo ndi mendulo ayenera kuvala khushoni osiyana. Koma madalitso ambiri, choncho tinaganiza kupanga malamulo ochepa kuposa maliro yafupika Brezhnev a. Leonid Brezhnev, akukunyozani, sadakonda yekha chilolezo, komanso nacho chomwecho kuyikidwa pa iwo a ena.

Mfundo yachiwiri ndi za wagwa bokosi mumakana chirichonse mwini analipo pa mwambowu. Malinga ndi iwo, nkhonya pa TV zikumveka ngati mkokomo wa kugwa chinthu, ndi mfuti ananyoza, amene anatsagana ndi kuikidwa ndi maliro a Brezhnev. "Waponya bokosi" - ndiye akuimira nthano.