Malonda kucheza ndi mizinda German. Trade kumpoto kwa Ulaya

Kukula kwa malonda - ndiye gwero lofunika kwambiri pa kudzikundikira yaikulu ya likulu la amalonda ndi usurers mapangidwe mkulu amasankha ndalama msika. Mu chitukuko cha malonda ndi cholinga cha zosabvuta pa malonda panali zosiyanasiyana kucheza ndi amalonda. Association of midzi German amalonda akanakhoza ndi mayina osiyanasiyana, malingana ndi cholinga zimene Union anakhazikitsidwa. mayanjano oterowo sangakhale ndi zolinga zosiyana.

Trade kumpoto kwa Ulaya

North Europe malonda a nsomba, tsitsi, nkhuni, mowa, Amber komanso zinthu zina, kawirikawiri m'gawo ake. Mayiko malonda nawo monga a ukulu wa Polotsk, kumpoto, kum'mawa mayiko a Russia, Novgorod Republic, Rzeczpospolita, Ufumu wa Germany, Brabant, kumpoto France ndi England, mayiko a ku Scandinavia. ntchito yaikulu zinachitika pa fairs. Koma zolimba zinthu ang'onoang'ono si abwino kukhazikitsidwa kwa malonda ndi misonkho ina ndi polipitsa wokwera kwambiri kusokoneza malonda yachilendo. Tima asapita msika inalamula njira ya malonda bwino ndi mmene kukumana otetezeka, choncho mabungwe kuti akwaniritse mfundo zofunika zimenezi. Special malamulo achifumu analola amalonda lalikulu ndi amalonda mayanjano kupereka mankhwala awo pa mawu mokondera. Pang'onopang'ono m'malo a malonda payekha zosiyanasiyana kucheza ndi amalonda. Ndi kufunikira adanyamuka pa dera la Germany ndi midzi ina European mayanjano zosiyanasiyana malonda, kudziwika kwa ife pansi mayina monga munalidi gulu convoy Hansa.

munalidi gulu

Munalidi gulu ndi mgwirizano wa amalonda a mizinda German pa zinthu olowa akatswiri. m'mizinda ikuluikulu ya Kumpoto kwa Ulaya ali mamembala guilds zingapo. Aliyense wa iwo anali odetsedwa, kukhazikitsa mitengo malonda awo, ndiponso ufulu wa chitetezo amakonda mu munalidi gulu anali wamalonda akale. Kusinthanitsa makampani ntchito zawo motsogozedwa ndi hayala, aliyense wa iwo anali kuyang'aniridwa ndi woyang'anira wake, anali woyang'anira yake woyera. Mamembala a munalidi gulu anali ofesi yake mu boma la mzinda kuteteza zofuna mwini malonda.

convoy

The convoy - izi ndi gulu zosakhalitsa Kugwirizana kwa amalonda kuonetsetsa chitetezo cha katundu kuwatumiza kudzera panyanja. Convoys inakhazikitsidwa pa maziko a dongosolo mangawawo. Aliyense malonda akupanga kuchuluka kwa zombo inachita hayala ndi mabungwe a chitetezo.

Hanse

Malonda kucheza ndi mizinda German, koma ambiri a iwo, anayamba kupanga Kugwirizana pakati pa mizinda osiyana - osati Germany, komanso abwenzi ake malonda. Pofika m'ma 13, pali malonda ndi chilumikizano ndale amalonda North European mizinda. Mu mbiri ya amadziwika ngati Malaya Ganza. fomu iyi ubale malonda anali wokongola kwambiri, ndipo kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 15. gawo la League Hanseatic ali mozungulira 170 m'mizinda ya ku Ulaya. Kodi? Malonda kucheza ndi mizinda German anali maudindo awo mu Gdańsk, Riga, Lvov, Novgorod, ndi kulenga malo angapo kuyendetsa asapita malonda. mzinda ankaona Lubeck kutsogolera amene anatsogolera VENDIAN Hansa ndipo kenako Hamburg. Mpaka m'ma 17 Vendian Hansa anali zolowa apamwamba lonse Kumpoto kwa Ulaya. Iye ankaona wachiwiri zofunika kwambiri Hansa Paris.

Mwayi wa Hansa amalonda

Association of mizinda amalonda German kupereka ophunzira awo phindu kuti anthu amalonda anafuna kukhala zimene ophunzira mgwirizano umenewu zivute zitani, ngakhale chindapusa m'malo lalikulu zonse. Umembala mu Hansa anaonetsetsa kuti:

- katundu a wamalonda Hanseatic sati anagwira anthu omwe sanali malipiro a ntchito kapena misonkho, izo siziri zichotsedwe ngongole kwa ena anthu ;

- amalonda analibe ufulu kuti akawamange pa milandu anachita ku mizinda ina, komanso amaletsedwa pang'ono kapena kwathunthu kulanda katundu zolinga asilikali;

- bongo si amene amachititsa zochita za anzakewo; Aliyense wa iwo akuchita udindo khalidwe ndi yobereka katundu, ndipo aliyense ali ndi ufulu mtengo Pokoma;

- chuma cha wamalonda womwalirayo zapita executors wake; Akuluakulu analibe ufulu kutenga katundu ndi chuma zina za wamalonda wakufayo;

- mamembala a League Hanseatic ntchito protectorate wa makonsolo, kwa ena misonkho ntchito miyambo anali anathetsa;

- mamembala a League Hanseatic anali ndi ufulu kutetezedwa chiwawa ndi zofunkha ndi ambuye ang'onoang'ono, achifwamba ndi makonsolo.

Choncho, League Hanseatic anakhudza chitukuko ubale malonda, anayamba njira kuteteza amalonda ndi countersigned ndi ubwenzi zachuma pakati pa anthu a ku Ulaya.