Makina magetsi

Tikukhala mu nyanja weniweni wa mphamvu, ndi onse otizungulira. Ngakhale n'kupuma mwala atagona pa msewu, lingathe kugwira ntchito. Nthawi zina zimakhala zovuta kukhulupirira, koma mphamvu ndi chimodzi. Iwo okha losandulizika, kusintha chilengedwe chake. Mundawu ntchito ndi magalimoto munthu magetsi.

Ngati athandizira mphamvu ya magetsi umaperekedwa, ndipo linanena bungwe adziwonetsa ntchito makina mu mawonekedwe a kutsinde kasinthasintha, tinganene motsimikiza kuti ndi galimoto. Poyankha, kutembenuka ntchito makina mu magetsi anatumizidwa jenereta lapansi. Chinthu chofunika kwambiri n'chakuti mofanana makina magetsi yodziwika ndi kuthekera ukugwirira ntchito ngati wogwiritsa wa (injini) ndi Mlengi (jenereta) mphamvu. Ichi ndi chifukwa chipangizo chimodzimodzi. Komabe, chifukwa kapangidwe ka ntchito mu "si mbadwa" mode amakhala ndi dzuwa m'munsi.

Zamagetsi makina DC anawagawa m'magulu awiri; inductor ndi wokhometsa. Pa nambala ntchito (pamaso amanena limagwirira burashi). Mfundo ntchito ndi izi: pa mbali amodzi mwa makina (stator) aikidwa maginito okhazikika, kuchititsa munda mzere.

Armature kumulowetsa akhoza lopangidwa ndi kuchuluka kwa mafelemu a waya mkuwa, olumikizidwa mwa njira yotero kuti chiyambi ndi mapeto a linanena bungwe kwa zosiyana lamella wokhometsa. Kunja kwa zikhomo amenewa mwa maburashi mpweya aziwapatsa DC voteji. Ndipo ngati pali chatsekedwa dera, ndiye ndi magetsi. Kupita mlandu zonyamulira kwaiye padziko yokha mwini chilengedwe maginito yomwe wayamba kucheza ndi munda stator. Chifukwa, pali mphamvu amakakamiza nangula atembenuza. Limafotokoza mfundo zazikulu zokha, koma iwo ali zokwanira kumvetsa mmene magetsi magalimoto ntchito DC. Dziwani yekha chilengedwe wokhometsa galimoto ndi dongosolo chibadidwe DC makina, akhoza kugwira ntchito kuchokera maukonde kunyumba 220 B. Izi ndi zotheka chifukwa cha njira siriyo kugwirizana ndi armature ndi munda windings. Banja zida za magetsi dzanja ntchito mwa iwo.

Magetsi Makina AC amapanga chosavuta ndi odalirika kwambiri, ndipo m'munsi mitengo ya zinthu. Ogaŵikana synchronous, limene liwiro makina pa zimene ozungulira akutembenukira, mofanana pafupipafupi kusintha kwa munda stator ndi Mabaibulo asynchronous imene ozungulira munda lags (Timitengo). Choyamba azigwiritsa ntchito malowa pa oposa 100 kW.

Zambiri makina magetsi AC anapereka atatu gawo asynchronous Motors gologolo-khola (gologolo khola). Pa stator ndi anakonza wachibale movutikira wina ndi mnzake ndi 120 ° atatu windings. Ndi kwa iwo alternating panopa umagwiritsidwa mbali ziwalo. The ozungulira ali koyilo, chatsekedwa-dera, potero kupanga dera ndime ya panopa anachititsa. Izo ziyenera mphamvu ya stator-koyilo mizati amayambira kuzunguluka munda kampasi - ichi ndi chimodzi mwa katundu zoyambirira za kayendedwe mbali ya ma elekitironi. Ndipo popeza alternating zatsopano ndiponso munda onsewo analandira. mizere yake intersect mavuto windings ndi ozungulira windings amalenga panopa anachititsa (malamulo applicable wa kupatsidwa ulemu mu atomu). Ndipo ngati panali lamulo la particles ndi mlandu, ndiye owazungulira, nayenso, limapezekanso ndi maginito. Komanso imazungulira (malangizo angapezeke pogwiritsa ntchito dzanja lamanja ulamuliro). Chifukwa, pali minda iwiri maginito mkati thupi galimoto. Ndiye zonse ndi losavuta: kuyamika lamulo la Ampere ndi mphamvu zimene zimakupangitsani aithamangitse ndi kumulowetsa, komanso ozungulira kutsinde yakwera mayendedwe, mphamvu amalenga makokedwe. Kuti ntchito zitha olumikizidwa kwa actuator kutsinde.