Masitaelo ndi mitundu ya kulankhula: tebulo. ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi masitayilo kulankhula chiyani?

Izo - ndi njira zofunika kulankhulana anthu. ukulu amachititsa kulekana kwa mitundu, amene ayitanidwa masitaelo zinchito. Palimodzi pali asanu: sayansi, nduna malonda, journalistic, colloquial ndi luso. Aliyense wa masitaelo a amagulitsidwa onse m'njira m'kamwa ndi olembedwa, ali ake lexical, syntactic, mbali morphological.

Payokha, komanso kusiyanitsa mitundu ya kulankhula. Tebulo m'nkhani ino adzakuthandizani kumvetsa nkhani imeneyi.

Zinchito masitaelo kulankhula kupeza awo kukhazikitsa zosiyanasiyana Mitundu - mitundu ya kulankhula, ndi achilendo njira zina za ulaliki wa ganizo. njira zimenezi wa ulaliki anawagawa mitundu ya kulankhula. Tebulo Adzaperekedwa pansipa. Tikumbukenso kuti ena subtypes mwina alipo kuchita.

Ife chitani mwatsatanetsatane nkhani "Masitayilo ndi mitundu ya kulankhula chinenero cha Chirasha."

mitundu zinchito za ulaliki mudziwe

ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana, masitayilo kulankhula chiyani? Monga tanena kale, mu Chirasha imalongosola mitundu isanu ya zinchito ulaliki wa uthenga. Uliwonse.

kalembedwe Scientific wa kulankhula

Mtundu uwu wa kulankhula zinchito m'munda waukulu wa ntchito imene sayansi. Cholinga - mfundo uthenga ndi chitsimikiziro cha choonadi, akudzizindikiritsa ubale chifukwa ndi zotsatira ndipo phunziro awo. Mitundu, masitaelo, Mitundu ya kulankhula m'dera kafukufuku chimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu maphunziro apamwamba.

Mbali yaikulu ndi pamaso pa mawu mawu ndiponso kusapezeka kwa wophiphiritsa njira kulankhula. Mbali morphological a mbali imeneyi ya kalembedwe ndi ntchito zambiri manauni mawu, kasewenzetsedwe ka mau utumiki molumikizana ndi manauni, kasewenzetsedwe ka mau opanda ungwiro mawonekedwe, wa manauni mmodzi mtengo mochulukitsa, akuti I-TH munthu zochuluka. Pakuti malembedwe yodziwika ndi mawu oyamba, mbali homogeneous cha chiganizocho, ya zovuta, zowombetsa mkota zake chabe ndi ziganizo kalekale zake.

Kukhazikitsa kalembedwe sayansi ikuchitika mu Mitundu zotsatirazi: sayansi nkhani, monographs, nkhani mfundozo, mabuku.

Zotsatirazi mitundu ina ya kulankhula adzakhala anafotokoza. Galimoto-tebulo kudzakuthandizani kumvetsa funso limeneli.

Official-ntchito kalembedwe wa kulankhula

Mtundu ntchito m'munda wa kasamalidwe anthu ndi malamulo. Ntchito yake streamline ndi standardization mauthenga, cholinga - zonse unagona ndi. Mawu ofunikira tikaonetsetsa kalembedwe boma ndi "standardization", kuti pali njira zina chibadidwe mu lotanthauzira, kafukufuku wakapangidwe kazachilengedwe ndi malembedwe.

Features chinenero kalembedwe ndi pamaso pa mawu katswiri wa phraseology, archaisms, historicism, kantselyarizmov, achidule.

mbali Morphological a Baibulo ili woyankhula tinganene kuti pamaso pa kasewenzetsedwe ka mau kalekale mawonekedwe (infinitive), mawu modal, ndi predominance wa adjectives wachibale wa quality, ntchito manauni chachimuna m'malo manauni chosalimba, ntchito manauni amene amanena chizindikiro cha munthu wachangu, otumphukira prepositions, manauni wapakamwa ndi tinthu ndi " palibe "mawu ovuta anapangidwa kuchokera zapansi angapo.

mbali Syntactic: ntchito manauni zinachitikira genitive za kukula yomanga kuchuluka kwa ziganizo zovuta, kupezeka kwa ziganizo yosavuta ndi mamembala homogeneous.

Zosiyanasiyana Mitundu boma kalembedwe chifukwa kugawikana ake mu substyles yokhala ndi zopelekedwa obihodno-malonda. Woyamba nthawi kasamalidwe dera anthu, ndipo chachiwiri - kulankhulana malonda. Mitundu ya zikalata mwalamulo zopelekedwa boma Mitundu: malamulo, malangizo mapangano, malamulo, communiqués. Mitundu ya zikalata obihodno-malonda boma Mitundu: ndi ndondomeko, zachitikadi, memoranda malipoti, tidzakulowereni.

Journalistic kalembedwe wa kulankhula

Mtundu uwu wa chibadidwe TV, omwe cholinga chawo chachikulu ndi malangizo ndi akuti zimakhudza anthu maganizo ndi volitional.

mbali Lexical wa kalembedwe journalistic tinganene kuti buku la mawu zikutanthauza: ntchito terminology, neologisms, ofanana matanthauzo, kantselyarizmov, chifukwa zinthu za kalembedwe ndi yaikulu owerenga, kum'patsa. Utolankhani angagwiritsidwe ntchito mitundu journalistic ndi masitayilo kulankhula. Gome m'munsimu limafotokoza mbali ya mtundu wa ulaliki zambiri.

Features mitundu kalembedwe kalembedwe journalistic akuwonetseredwa mu ntchito mawu ovuta, substantivizing adjectives ndi participles. Malembedwe kalembedwe journalistic amakhala ndi ntchito maganizo osakwatiwa-zikuchokera, interrogative ndi ameneŵa ziganizo.

Latitude journalistic Mitundu mtundu wa kulankhula ndi zotheka kuthokoza ntchito zake: kudziŵitsa ndi chikoka. Komanso, inu mukhoza kuunikila subgenres awa: Information, mawunikidwe, luso journalistic. Information Mitundu mtundu wa kulankhula imatengedwa kapepala lipoti, funsani; mawunikidwe - review, review ya; luso journalistic - nkhani nkhani.

kalembedwe chitachitika

Mtundu uwu wa ulaliki wa mudziwe chimakwirira kudera la kulankhulana odziwika bwino kwa anthu amene avala amaonekera ake pa nkhope yake. Ambiri ntchito mitundu colloquial kulankhula komanso kamangidwe kake. Gome pansipa, pofotokoza mmene amasiyana mitundu ina.

The kafukufuku wakapangidwe kazachilengedwe chitachitika kalembedwe: kuchuluka kwa kasewenzetsedwe ka mau angapo, kanthu wosakwatiwa, kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri akuti, ntchito kochepa wa participles ndi gerunds.

Kalembedwe luso la kulankhula

Mtundu ntchito kulemba ntchito. mbali Lexical wa mtundu uwu: synonymy, occasionalisms, Zining'a, njira, ntchito mawu mophiphiritsa.

mbali Morphological luso kalembedwe ndi ntchito zosiyanasiyana adjectives, adverbs, kasewenzetsedwe ka mau, kuchuluka kwa manauni mkazi neuter.

Syntactically, limagwiritsa ntchito zosiyanasiyana zonse luso la nyumba ya chinenero cha Chirasha. Polemba chinenero cha kalembedwe awa: nkhani, buku, nkhani, ndi ode, ndakatulo.

Mitundu ya kulankhula. tebulo

Wosangalala mbali kulankhulana mawu zimaonetsa njira za ulaliki wa lingaliro, limene limanenedwa ngati mtundu wa kulankhula. Zikuphatikizapo mafotokozedwe kufotokoza maganizo. Tiyeni tione mitundu ya kulankhula. Tebulo adzakuthandizani kumvetsa bwino.

Choncho, nkhani - wapakamwa akafuna kufotokoza maganizo pa chitukuko zazikulu. Pakuti nkhani ali zikuchokera izi: kufotokoza - chitukuko - kukwaniritsidwa - ndi denouement. Pakuti Nkhani yodziwika ndi ntchito kasewenzetsedwe ka mau ndi adverbs. Njira imeneyi ulaliki ndi mmene kwambiri journalistic, kulankhula colloquial ndi masitaelo luso.

Kufotokozera - izi ndi mtundu wa zomwe mukufuna yopatulika imene "akuimira" zinthu, zochitika zachilengedwe, monga mwa kuwunika awo. Compositionally, mtundu uwu wa kulankhula inamangidwa motere: mwachidule za nkhani - zizindikiro za chinthu - mfundo, chiweruzo mlembi. Kulongosola ntchito lililonse kasewenzetsedwe ka mau imperfective, losavuta chosakwanira, denominative bwana.

Mfundo - ndi mtundu wa kulankhula, wapereka kwa ubale causal, imbaenda kapangidwe zotsatirazi: nkhani yolembedwa - mkangano - mapeto. Kuti mudziwe yodziwika ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mawu oyamba, zovuta malembedwe.

deta Basic kufotokoza mitundu ya kulankhula Adzaperekedwa ku gome pansipa.

kuti adzimvera

Takambirana masitaelo ndi mitundu ya kulankhula chinenero cha Chirasha si malo amodzi. Anthu kusankha okha mtundu wawo kulankhulana. Nthawi zambiri malire masitaelo mudziwe ulaliki ali osokonezeka. Ichi ndi chifukwa ntchito chikhalidwe cha mawu.