Michal Kleofas Oginski: yonena

Modern Russia alibe kuonera nyimbo zachikhalidwe. Sizikutanthauza kuti nyimbo zachikhalidwe chotchuka kwambiri mwa omvera Russian. Kutembenuza chodziwika ndi okondedwa ndi anthu a nyimbo zachikhalidwe, zala chokwanira cha dzanja limodzi.

Mosakayikira, chiwerengero zimenezi zimaphatikizapo wotchuka "Polonaise Oginski" (dzina chachiwiri - "Tsalani bwino kwa Lathu"), yokonzedwa ndi Michal Kleofas Oginski (zithunzi m'nkhani ndi zokoperazo zithunzi za Wolemba a).

Man ndi Polonaise

Sukulu nyimbo Inde mu Soviet kenako Russian mu sukulu zambiri za zimene wotchuka mwaluso nyimbo linalembedwa ndi Mihailom Kleofasom Oginskim pa kutsanzikana wake kwawo wokondedwa. Amadziwika kuti anakakamizika kusiya Poland pambuyo wathuwu T. Kosciuszko chiwembu, imene Wolemba anali anawonongedwa. Bright, wolemera moyo wake zochitika zodabwitsa Michal Kleofas Oginski. mfundo zosangalatsa za mbiri yake zatchulidwa m'nkhani ino.

Moyo monga buku la

Wambiri Mihaila Kleofasa Oginski ladzala ndi zokwera ndi zotsika, mkulu kudzipereka akuyandama mzimu kulenga ndi kuwawa kwa kugonja. Imathamanga yodabwitsa mbiri: ngakhale odana ndi Russian chiwembu cha malangizo omwe Mihail Kleofas Oginsky anatenga mbali, ku Russia nthawi zonse chifundo ndi chifundo ndi matsoka, amene anamuuza kuti ntchito.

Koma nawo chiwembu owonongedwa ndi kubadwa kwa mwaluso nyimbo - Zomwe zinachitika umodzi wokha wa chisangalalo cha munthu uyu chodabwitsa. Moyo njira Mihaila Kleofasa Oginski akufanana ndi chidwi ulendo buku. Iwo zogwirizana music, ndale ndi chikondi.

Michal Kleofas Oginski: yochepa mbiri. magwero

Wolemba tsogolo anabadwa pa TH 09/25/1765 pafupi Warsaw, mu malo Guzov Mazowieckie voivodship. Ndi chiyambi Ahinskis akalonga sanali Zitsulo. Awo makolo mbiri yakale Western kuitana Ruthenians (Belarusians, amene anatenga Chikatolika). Choncho, akatswiri amakhulupirira angadziwire dzina mlembi polonaise wotchuka n'komwe "Michael" ndi "Michael." maina katchulidwe Wolemba asayansi ena amakhulupirira wolakwayo kuti: izo zikumveka ngati Baibulo Chipolishi "Oginsky" mu Russian monga kuchepetsa njira pakati pa mawu akusowa.

Akalonga Ahinskis anali otsimikiza kuti chiyambi cha m'badwo awo amabwerera banja la Rurik. Kunyumba, iwo anatenga ziwalo malo awo okwezeka kubadwa. Michal Kleofas Oginski moyenerera wonyada wa makolo awo: iwo onse mu Grand Duchy la Lithuania, kumene kunali mbali ya Rzeczpospolita maudindo akuluakulu. Agogo ake anali mtsogoleri Vitebsk, ndi agogo ndi bambo ake lotsogoleredwa ndi Voivodeship Trakai. Amalume a wolemba m'tsogolo mtsogoleri Vilna ndi Great Hetman la Lithuania.

mapangidwe

Aliyense m'banja Michael anali kukhulupirira kuti mnyamata, monga akalambula lake lalikulu, wokonzedwa ntchito ndale bwino. Kuyambira ali mwana makolo purposefully ophunzitsidwa ndi oleredwa mwana, adamuwona mkulu m'tsogolo kapena States. namkungwi wakale wa ku Austria Mfumu anandiitana ku banja, mmodzi wa aphunzitsi abwino Europe.

Amene akufuna kumvetsa mmene anaikirapo yokonza Oginski wamng'ono, muyenera kudziwa kuti kwa zaka zisanu ndi ziwiri magawo ake mokwanira inatenga maola 16. patsiku. Makolo kuti nthawi kuphunzitsa mwana wake music, ndi kuchitira izi mokhudzika. Boy anaika osati ndizosowa masewera zosiyanasiyana zoimbira, komanso ankaphunzitsa nyimbo chiphunzitso. Chodabwitsa n'chakuti, mphunzitsi Mihaila Oginskogo, ndi odzipereka Polish patriot, anali wolemba O. Kozlovsky, amene analemba nyimbo ya nyimbo choyamba, kutamanda Russian Ufumu, "Thunder chigonjetso, resound! '.

Minister opanduka

Pa zaka 19, M. Oginski amakhala Wachiwiri kwa Polish Sejm, ndiyeno iye anatumiza monga akazembe a Chipolishi Chilituyaniya Commonwealth mu Netherlands ndiponso United Kingdom. Mu twente eyiti Oginski watumikira monga Mtumiki wa Finance wa Grand Duchy la Lithuania.

A pantchito yabwino ndale aonongeka ndi ndewu mkati mwa dziko, komanso chakuti madera ena a ku Commonwealth ali mbiri anasamukira bwino wamphamvu okhala - Russia, Austria ndi Prussia. andale Young anali kusankha: analowa amene sanafune kupirira masanjidwe, ndipo anakhala mmodzi wa gulu odana Russian kugalukira Tadeusha Kostyushko. Nawo mtumiki wamng'ono, moipitsa izi sizinali ofunda: pakuika ndalama zawo, Oginski amalenga ndi zida zankhondo wagawo anthu 2,000, osati sizinatheke, unrolls ndi zigawenga kulimbana ndi Russian ..

Kosciuszko kugalukira anaikidwa pansi ndi asilikali a Russian ufumu wa Austria ndi Prussia. Kosciuszko yekha anagwidwa ndi Michal Oginski anathawa.

Michal Kleofas Oginski: Polonaise

Inali pa nthawi iyi ndi odziwika chidutswa cha nyimbo linalembedwa. Oginski kale bwinobwino Chili ntchito zandale komanso aluso nyimbo. Ndi nthawi nkhani yake anali kale ndithu mndandanda wa zidutswa za music, koma analephera kubwereza bwino polonaise lodziwika bwino.

tsoka

Kosciuszko kugalukira inasanduka tsoka Poland. Chifukwa, yotsatira Kupititsa kugawikana kwa dziko mbisoweka ku mapu a dziko, Oginski anataya zigawo zake zonse. Ndalama zonse ndipo ngakhale zodzikongoletsera Banjali anakhala pa gulu la chiwembu la, malipiro zida, zida ndi chakudya zigawenga. Chifukwa, Oginski anatsala popanda njira iliyonse zofunika pamoyo anali.

ndege

Panthawi imeneyi, moyo payekha Mihail Kleofasa Oginski komanso pafupi kuwonongedwa. mkazi wake Isabella Michael sanali ndi malingaliro mwamuna wake passionary posachedwa adamsiya Iye anapita kukhala ndi achibale. Oginski anali yekha kubisala mu Europe, kusintha malo okhala ndi mayina. Amadziwika kuti panali kusakasaka chenicheni pa iye. boma la Russia Oginski talente monga nkhondo ndi oimira akhala anayamikira, anakumana m'ndende.

Kukonzekera kugalukira latsopano

Lina Oginski anakumana ndi osamuka Polish, kuyesera kukambirana thandizo la boma chosintha French, wotchedwa yakumeneko Turkey kamodzinso kuyamba nkhondo ndi Russia. Koma khama lake onse zamtendere analephera. tsoka Poland sunali chidwi kuti maboma ena, kuti mumalozana nkhondo yatsopano ndi Russia iwo sakanati. Michal Oginski anali kutopa kwambiri ndiponso kukhumudwa.

Mfumu ya Netherlands, kumene iye anali kazembe, anali wokhoza kukambirana ndi Prussian mfumu Amnesty kwa Oginski. mfundo analoledwa kukhala Prussia. Iwo anatenga kukumananso wake ndi mkazi wake, ana awiri - Tadeusz ndi Xavier. Koma mu 1801-mamita banjali potsiriza odukaduka. Mwina, Michael sanaiwale kuti mkazi wake anamusiya mu kamphindi kovuta. Mwina mkazi wake anazindikira kuti mwamuna wake sizinasinthe, ndipo akhoza kuchita ulendo watsopano ndale ndi kuzipereka pa zonse ndalama banja kachiwiri.

hairpin unakhota

Mu 1802-mamita latsopano Russian Mfumu Alexander I anatsimikizidwa ndi Amnesty ophunzira onse Kosciuszko Zipolowe. Oginski osati wapatsidwa ufulu kubwerera kwawo, iye atabwerera chuma chawo chonse.

chisomo amenewa anapangidwa zikomo zotheka chikoka pa achinyamata Russian Mfumu Pole Adam Czartoryski, khomo anamuperekeza mfumu ya. Prince Oginski tsopano anali kukhazikika mu chikhalidwe chake Zalessky komwe chuma kumanga ndipo anaika paki.

kukwatiranso

Pa 37 - zaka Mikhail Oginski kukwatiranso. Zosankha Prince amakhala mkazi wa mnzake wakufa, werengani Nagurskaya, 25 wazaka Italy Maria Neri. Prince Oginski biographers kukanena kuti khalidwe la mkazi wake unalidi ponseponse: kunali kosatheka kuti awerenge chiwerengero cha okonda ake. Mu banja anabadwa ana anayi - atsikana atatu ndi mnyamata mmodzi, koma ndi ulemu kwa mmodzi wa ana aakazi Oginski ndi Amelia, m'nthawi yake analibe kukayikira zoti Kalonga bambo. Chotero zoipa mbiri mkazi wa kalonga Komabe, sanalephere ukwati wawo unatha bola zaka 13.

Bwererani ndale

Mu 1810 anthu otchuka a Grodno ndi Vilna zigawo Michal Oginski anatumizidwa ku Russian Tsar Alexander I monga mlangizi pa dera. The candidacy cha wopandukayo kale anali kulimbikitsa Mihailom Kutuzovym. Choncho Michal Oginski anabwerera ku ndale, kukhala Russian aphungu ndi kulowa chiwerengero cha anthu zidapatsidwa kwa mfumu. Prince nayembekeza Alexander I kupereka ntchito ya kulengedwa kwa Grand Duchy mu Russian Ufumu, kukwaniritsa osachepera kudziyimira pawokha kwa kwawo. Koma mfumu ya polojekiti anakanidwa.

m'zaka zaposachedwapa

Mu 1817 Oginski anazindikira kuti anali atatopa ndale. Iye anali kumasulidwa ku ofesi ya Kazembe n'kubwerera kwawo. Kwa kanthawi, kalonga ankakhala mu chikhalidwe chake, ndiye mu Warsaw ndi Vilna. Izo sizinali chamanyazi - mu Russia izo konse kunyozedwa zapitazi.

Mu 1823 Oginski, amene thanzi lafika poipa, anasamukira ku Florence. Apa kalonga zaka wake wotsiriza. Wandale ndi kupeka anafa TH Florence 15.10.1833. Pambuyo pa imfa yake, panali mphekesera zoti Oginski anali akuti kuphedwa ndi Chigawenga anavutika mu kubwezera kwa Zopatsa a unyamata zachiwawa. Koma olemba mbiri anatsimikizira mphekesera zimenezi sizinali. Michal Oginski anaikidwa mu mpingo Santa Kroche (Florence), mu Pantheon umunthu otchuka. Pambali iye atagona zotsalira za Galileo Galilei, Niccolò Machiavelli, Michelangelo Buonarroti ndi George. Rossini.

A zolembedwa mwaluso awo nyimbo - ndi polonaise "Tsalani bwino kuti Mama" - akupitiriza chidwi pamtima omvera.

Kuzindikila

Ku Russia, ndi Polonaise Oginski ndi imodzi mwa nyimbo yotchuka kwambiri. Ziganizo za nyimbo Mihaila Kleofasa Oginski otchuka a sayansi luso, ndi ndale akhoza zakambidwa mwachidule ngati mawu akuti ku lemba la Russian wolemba F. V. Bulgarina: "Ndani sadziwa Oginski polonaise". Limodzi la makalata a Repin wamkulu ali mizere zoterezi Wolemba kuti: "Dzina lake amadziwika onse pa Russia." Chofunika, molingana ndi azambiriyakale ndi musicologists: polonaise olembedwa contra Oginski, zinali nyimbo kugwirizanitsa opindula ndi otaika.

Great mankhwala wolemba ake kwa zaka zambiri, ndi kusamala ojambula zithunzi, olemba, Opanga filimuyi. Makombo a nyimbo wosafa kumveka ngati Nyimbo Zamafoni mu CellPhones ntchito mafilimu Mbali.

Maulendo

Amadziwika kuti analemba Maulendo Ake mu French Oginski. Translation yonena Mihaila Kleofasa Oginski chinenero Chibelarusi anatengedwera Raevskaya mphunzitsi wakale, sukulu munda (Molodechnenschina) Olga Romanovich mu 2011. Choyamba nthumwi za Maulendo ndi kupeka Mihaila Oginskogo ku Chibelarusi m'chaka chomwecho lofalitsidwa magazini Arche. Mu Maulendo Ake, kuphimba nyengo ya zaka 1788-1794 mpaka kuchoka kwa Prince kunja pambuyo kugalukira ndi idagonjetsedwa T. Kosciuszko.

Mogwirizana ndi Ch. mkonzi wa A. Pashkevich, Maulendo a lapadera chithunzi chikhalidwe ndi umoyo ndale M. K. Oginskogo, wodziwika kutali kunja Belarus, kulemba bwino kalembedwe kalembedwe, popanda dryness M'malo mwake, yodziwika ndi kukhalapo zambiri wakale. Chokumbukira countryman awo kudzakhala chidwi osati mbiri yakale komanso anthu onse, anati wofalitsa Chibelarusi.