Mitsempha ya magazi si anatseka ndipo anatseka

Magazi system (sanali anatseka ndipo anatseka) ndi limagwirira imene kukhazikitsa zotheka co-ordinated kayendedwe ka magazi (hemolymph) a thupi, amene amaonetsetsa moyo wake wonse. zoyenda zake mu dongosolo lakuti kuchokera pulsation a minofu mtima kapena kuchepetsa thickening mpanda wa msempha ndi mitsempha kapena ziwalo za thupi kayendedwe ndi minofu. Ndi kupyolera kufalitsa zoyendera zinthu amapezeka ndi njira kutentha ndi kuzizira kwa kumamukopa ndi mlingo kagayidwe kachakudya. Tatseka kapena kutsegula mitsempha ya magazi: momwe iwo amasiyana ndi amene ali khalidwe? Mayankho a mafunso amenewa m'nkhani.

Mitsempha ya magazi si anatseka amapezeka pafupifupi onse invertebrates, komanso chordates m'munsi (Amphioxus mu). otaya magazi zamoyo izi amayamba ndi kuchepetsa mtima, kapena kuti "mitima", komanso, kumlingo, kuchepetsa minofu ya thupi. Mbali khalidwe - wambirimbiri magazi pa liwiro otsika kayendedwe ake.

Tatseka mitsempha ya magazi akhoza zigwirizana umodzi kufalitsidwa (nsomba ndi cyclostomes) ndi awiri - ang'ono ndi lalikulu (zokwawa, achule, mbalame, nyama). Likuyenderera mu bwalo ang'ono ndi lalikulu magazi nthawi zimasintha kapangidwe kake, ndipo venous, wolumikizira chinachake. A mwankhanzaku nyama, ngakhale venous wosanganiza ndi wolumikizira kapena kung'ambika mtima, mlingo magazi ndi otsika. Kusinthanitsa zinthu pakati pa magazi ndipo zimakhala za thupi ikuchitika mwa makoma woonda capillary. Imathandiza mankhwala kuwonongeka amapezeka makamaka impso, kapena zina matupi kulekana.

Mitsempha ya magazi si anatseka ungwiro kwambiri, koma mwa eni dongosolo chatsekedwa magazi kwambiri abwino mu mbalame ndi nyama. Oimira magulu awa tichipeza mtima awiri zinayi chambered ndi kufalitsidwa. Mwachibadwa, mwazi wolumikizira konse wothira magazi venous. Characteristically mokwanira kuthamanga. Ubwino wina - mtengo ndithu magazi kudzera ziwiya (poyerekeza nthawi yomweyo magazi tizilombo pafupifupi 22 Mphindi, galu - izi ndi masekondi 16, ndi kalulu - masekondi 7.5). Ndi kuyamika zizindikiro zimenezi n'zotheka otentha bloodedness mitundu apamwamba nyama, zimene zimathandiza kuti kutentha thupi anapitiriza mosaganizira momwe zachilengedwe ziriri. Ogwera mbalame ndi nyama ndi mkulu kagayidwe kachakudya dzuwa.

magazi m'thupi la munthu amaperekedwa ndi chidule cha mtima, amene amagwira ntchito ngati mpope. Zina mwa zinthu zina zimathandiza kuti kayendedwe ka magazi - kayendedwe kupuma, kuchepetsa minofu chigoba, kusiyana kuthamanga mu ziwiya. Chimodzi mwa zizindikiro za polojekiti mtima - kugunda kwa mtima. Kugunda - ndi nthawi kutambasuka kwa mitsempha, chimene chikugwirizana ndi contractions wa minofu mtima. pafupipafupi ake kumatengera zifukwa zambiri, monga thupi, kutentha ndi chikhalidwe cha thupi, maganizo thupi ndi za maganizo ndi zina zotero. The yachibadwa kugunda kwa mtima munthu wamkulu ali 60-80 kumenyedwa pa mphindi. A mlingo kusinthasintha kwa magazi mu zotengera ku zosakwana 1 mamilimita / gawo mu capillaries wa 50 cm / s mu mitsempha yaikulu. Kufalitsa lonse la m'thupi lonse pafupifupi 20-25 masekondi. Magazi amasuntha kunsi kuthamanga ali wamkulukulu mu msempha ndi mitsempha zazikulu ndi zazing'ono, ngakhale zoipa, mu mitsempha dzenje. Kusintha kayendedwe ka magazi ndi kuteteza mavavu amene kutseka orifice atrioventricular, m'kamwa mwa mtsempha wamagazi m'mapapo mwanga ndi msempha, ndi mavavu ndi ili pa makoma a mitsempha yaikulu. Pamene zokwanira wa contractile ntchito ya mtima otaya magazi maganizo.

Monga mukuonera, ndi mitsempha ya magazi si anatseka ndipo anatseka Mbali yapadera kwambiri kuti ndinu wotsimikiza kudziwa chilichonse erudite, osati munthu.