Magazi m'thupi la munthu amagwira ntchito zambiri, amatiteteza, amanyamula chakudya ndi mpweya kuti zimakhala, ndi kuwatengera ku mpweya. Otchedwa wolumikizira magazi kuti muli mpweya, izo lilinso dzina la mpweya. Inalowa kuti n'koyenera mpweya thupi adza kwa erythrocytes, amene ali mu molekyulu yeniyeni mapuloteni, heme, womwenso chitsulo. Kaswili zatsimikiziridwa kuti wolumikizira magazi mu mitsempha, ndiyeno, kupereka mpweya, kumakhaladi venous, ndipo umayenda mwa mitsempha.
Mitsempha ndi ntchito zawo
Mitsempha amatchedwa ziwiya zimene wolumikizira magazi. Ndipo iwo ali ake okha pa mtima. Yaikulu thupi chotengera, mmene magazi madzi, wolemera mu mpweya, ndi msempha abwinobwino wamkulu anthu, m'mimba ake ndi 2.5 masentimita. Arterioles angafikire 0.1 okha millimeter. Mwachindunji pafupi ndi nthambi ya msempha za mtima wolemera ulusi zotanuka, iwo pansi zimachitika yoweyula amene amapereka mtima ndi magazi wolumikizira ndiye umayenda wogawana kudutsa ziwiya. Mwa njira imeneyi, mpweya ndi yosintha mu nsalu. Kenako, sitima makoma si supple ndi kupeza osalimba kwambiri, makamaka chifukwa kukhalapo ulusi minofu. Mtsempha wamagazi zogwirizana mitsempha zina, umatchedwa collaterals, chifukwa clogging iwo ndi magazi chotengera akhoza kupita ena. Aliyense chiwalo cha thupi la munthu kuyembekezera nthawi zonse kwa mpweya, umene ndi lofunikira kwambiri pa njira ya kagayidwe mphamvu. Ntchito yaikulu ya mitsempha ndi yobereka magazi kuti posachedwapa. Mu erythrocytes mpweya kwambiri, choncho mtundu wa magazi wolumikizira - ofiira owala, pamene ziwiya mabala ali kasupe koposa zonse, chifukwa mavuto amene alipo pa iwo.
Pafupifupi wosaoneka, koma n'kofunika
Zonse zoyikika kutengerapo mpweya mu minofu ikuchitika capillaries ndi ziwiya abwino pamene mpweya ndi mpweya kuwombola. Ngati thupi Chabwino, capillaries sangathe kuona, ndi kudwala akhoza kuoneka capillary reticulum. Capillary kutalika osapitirira millimeter, ndipo chilolezo ake ndi chotero kuti yekha amalola erythrocyte wina. Mu thupi la nambala yaikulu ziwiya zimenezi, iwo amatchedwa maukonde capillary.
Kodi n'chiyani chikuchitikira mpweya zimakhala bwanji?
Mu thupi, mpweya kumafuna makamaka njira makutidwe ndi okosijeni kwa mayitirokondiriyoni. Panthawi imeneyi pali kusintha kwa zinthu organic, ndi chifukwa, mphamvu amapangidwa wotchedwa ATP (adenosine triphosphate), mankhwala ndi chilengedwe yekha mphamvu gwero. Carbon dioxide, amene anapanga pa kagayidwe mu zimakhala ndi, kulowa magazi, kupanga izo venous. magazi awa umayenda mwa mitsempha, ndi kulowa m'mapapo, mpweya woipa atachotsedwa thupi chilengedwe.
Wolumikizira ndi venous
Ndithudi sindingakhoze kunena kuti mu mitsempha ya wolumikizira magazi, ndi mitsempha - venous. Inde mitsempha kunyamula magazi kuchokera mtima, wolumikizira. Koma ichi ndi mu ubale waukulu bwalo la magazi, koma yaing'ono zosiyana kwambiri. Mitsempha m'mapapo mwanga kumatsika magazi wolumikizira. Chifukwa mu mitsempha? Ndi yosavuta, chifukwa mitsempha - zipangizo kunyamula magazi mtima, koma mitsempha - kwa iye. Mitsempha ya m'mapapo mwanga venous magazi.
gasi zikuchokera
Pofuna kudziwa mmene mosavuta ntchito zake, ndi kuchuluka kwa mpweya munali wolumikizira magazi mafuta zikuchokera mtima imagwiridwa. Chizindikiro cha bwino asidi-m'munsi zingatipatse imfomeshoni zina zimene akutionetsera chinsinsi cha ntchito impso kapena kukhalapo mu thupi la matenda. Analysis mpweya zikuchokera amalola mokwanira ndi bwino kunyamula mpweya kapena mpweya mankhwala.
Isanafike kusanthula
Musanayambe kudziwa mafuta zikuchokera mwazi wa munthu, m'pofunika kuti ayese Allen. Adzakuthandizani kumvetsa zimene boma zinchito panthawi ya m'thupi. Akamanena za ziri zophweka kwambiri ndipo imakhala chakuti kuyesedwa ndi zofunika yokokera pansi pa ulnar kapena mtsempha wamagazi zozungulira ili polumikizira. Kupanga izo malingana ngati dzanja, kapena m'malo dzanja lake, sichikwiya wotumbululuka. Kenako asiye ziwiya, magazi wabwezeretsedwa, ndi kanjedza akhale pinki kapena wofiira kwa zosaposa masekondi asanu. Komanso n'zotheka kudziwa mafuta zikuchokera, magazi ichi wachotsedwa mtsempha. Mlingo wa mpweya machulukitsidwe wa hemoglobin zimadalira thupi kutentha, muyezo asidi-m'munsi, ndi tsankho mavuto mpweya. Ngati kuthamanga tsankho akutsikira m'munsimu 60 mamilimita Hg, n'zotheka kuweruza kuchepa mpweya machulukitsidwe wa erythrocytes. Pambuyo kuti apange kuletsa magazi kuti ubweya izi mwamphamvu mbamuikha kapena bandeji, amene anachotsa palibe kale kuposa mphindi 30-60.