Mitundu nyengo. Mitundu ya nyengo Russia: tebulo

nyengo ndi nkhani kusintha ndi kusintha, koma ambiri amakhalabe yemweyo, kupanga m'madera wokongola kwa ntchito zokopa alendo, ndi zina - zovuta kupulumuka. Kumvetsa Mitundu alipo ya nthandala kumvetsa za mbali Hrs wa dziko ndi kukhala ndi udindo kwa chilengedwe - zina anthu lamba angasiye mu likutentha ndi njira zina zoopsa.

nyengo ndi chiyani?

Pansi tanthauzo limeneli, kuzindikira zinthu azilandira nyengo, chimasiyanitsa ndi m'dera makamaka. Izo kumaonekera zovuta pa malire a kusintha anaona. mitundu ya nyengo bwanji chikhalidwe, kudziwa chikhalidwe cha matupi madzi ndi nthaka, kungadzutse zomera yeniyeni ndi nyama, bwanji chitukuko cha mafakitale komanso ulimi. Mapangidwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kukhudzana ndi cheza dzuwa ndi mphepo, pamodzi ndi mtundu wa nyemba. zinthu zonsezi mwachindunji amadalira kumpoto, amene amasankha mbali ya zochitika kunyezimira, ndipo motero buku la kupanga kutentha.

amakhudza Kodi nyengo?

Kudziwa zimene zidzakhala nyengo angakhale osiyana (kuwonjezera kumpoto kwa). Mwachitsanzo, kwambiri motengera moyandikana ndi nyanja. m'dera lili kutali tebulo lalikulu, chindichepere zikuchoka mvula, ndipo kotero iwo ali m'goli. Pafupi ndi nyanja oscillations yaing'ono matalikidwe, ndi mitundu yonse ya nyengo m'mayiko amenewa pamene chokhala lililonse limatisokoneza. Osati zosafuni- nyanja mafunde. Mwachitsanzo, iwo Kumalimbikitsa gombe la chilumba Scandinavia, chimalimbikitsa nkhalango kukula kumeneko. Choncho Greenland lomwe lili ndi mmenenso, chaka lonse ali ndi ayezi. Mwamphamvu amakhudza mapangidwe nyengo, zimachititsa chilumbachi. M'dera pamwamba, m'munsi kutentha Koma m'mapiri ozizira, ngakhale zili kotentha. Komanso, ranges akhoza msampha mpweya misa, kuchititsa pa otsetsereka mumawomba mphepo kwabasi mvula yambiri akugwa, ndipo kenako pa dziko awo ndi chimaonekadi ang'onoang'ono. Pomaliza, Dziwani mmene mphepo, amenenso angathe kwambiri kusandutsa mitundu ya nyengo. Mvula, mphepo ndi chimphepo kulekerera chinyezi ndipo kwambiri bwanji nyengo.

Mitundu yonse alipo a

Tisanaone mtundu uliwonse payokha ayenera kulimbana ndi gulu la ambiri. Kodi ukhoza kukhala mitundu ikuluikulu nyengo? Chophweka njira kumvetsa chitsanzo cha dziko makamaka. Ku Russia ali ndi lalikulu, ndipo mu gawo la dziko nyengo ndi osiyana kwambiri. Onani onse tebulo thandizo. Mitundu ya nyengo ndi malo kumene iwo amachuluka, kuwatumiza kwa wina ndi mzake, motero.

Monga mukuonera, palibe lamba yamphamvu ndi mitundu ina wapakatikati. Khalidwe lililonse pamwambapa, n'zotheka kuphunzira mwatsatanetsatane, kuyambira mtengo zokwawa pa mapu pansi.

Arctic nyengo

Umatchedwa ngati kumalo ozizira, mtundu ndi zina kwa malo pafupi mtengo. Iwo ali nawo mu mitundu ya nyengo Russia - tebulo akuyamba zosinthika ichi nyengo. Nthawi zambiri kusiyanitsa awiri mitundu yake. The choyamba - zoni kumalo ozizira nyengo kozizira, ndipo chachiwiri - mu Antarctic. nyengo m'madera omwe amasiyana mwamphamvu, musaganize ndi omasuka anthu azikhalamo. Mwa chaka woyendera nthambi amakhala ndi kutentha boma ziro, ngakhale madigirii asanu okha kungakhudze August mpweya. Nthawiyi amatchedwa chilimwe kumalo ozizira, yekha kumatenga masabata ochepa kapena sadzafika konse. Zima kusiyana pakati pa nthawi ndi pang'ono chisanu. Avereji kutentha Mzimuyo m'dera: mtundu wa nyengo ikuphatikizapo opanda khumi pa Atlantic Ocean, ndipo mpaka madigiri sate-faifi pansi pa ziro mu Pacific. Lamba amakhala ndi mvula kochepa ayi choposa millimeters mazana atatu. Zomera pa m'mayiko amenewo pafupifupi palibe kupulumuka lichens yekha ndi ndere.

kotentha nyengo

nyengo Awa ambiri. Wongolerani mtundu wa nyengo mwamtendere 45 ndi 65 digiri ya kumpoto kwa dziko lapansi ndi pakati pa 42 ndi 58 mu South. Iwo amakhala ndi kugawikana bwino chaka mu nyengo zinayi ndi awiri Transitional (kasupe ndi kugwa) ndi kutentha (yotentha) ndi kuzizira (m'nyengo yozizira). nyengo amakhala ndi cloudiness nthawi, mpweya anapanga mchikakamizo cha zowononga ndi anticyclones. Kwambiri m'dera ndi nyanja zazikulu amadza. Pa nthawi yomweyo kuposa dera kutali kuchoka m'dera madzi, mphamvu za fluctuation kutentha. Nyengo Transitional zambiri protracted, ndi madigiri yaitali otsika ndi mkulu. Wapakati kutentha kwa mwezi kunkafika pachimake, January, kungakhale 10 40 pansi pa ziro, onse anatsimikiza ndi malo ena a m'chigawochi. mwezi Hot ndi July (pafupifupi kutentha - 21 madigiri Celsius). Limafotokoza mitundu ya nyengo Russian tebulo amatanthauza zoni kotentha kwambiri m'madera. Ndiponso, mmene kwa USA ndi ambiri a ku Ulaya. Mu am'derali conifers wamba ndi kusakaniza matabwa, nthawi zina nkhalango. Chaka chonse kukula nyengo si zotheka chifukwa cha kusintha kwa nyengo.

The kutentha

Khalidwe la dziko kuyambira pakati pa 20 ndi 30 madigiri kumpoto kapena kumpoto chakum'mwera. Otentha ndi mbali ya mitundu ikuluikulu nyengo. Iwo amakhala ndi chinyezi otsika kwambiri ndi mvula kochepa, ndi predominance wa anticyclones ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi, imbaenda masiku pafupipafupi dzuwa. Pali zambiri amphamvu nkhonya youma mphepo, amene chifukwa cha sandstorm mu chipululu. Pa m'dera limeneli pali nyengo zinayi, zomwe zikusonyeza kuti munthu woyendera nthambi zolimbitsa nyengo. otentha mtundu nyengo amapereka nyengo awiri - ozizira ndi ofunda, ndi yofanana kutentha mkati madigiri makumi atatu. Kutentha anali kuphatikiza fifite-eyiti. Kusiyanitsa mtundu uwu ndi amalembedwa kusinthasintha diurnal, nthawizina kufika mpaka madigiri makumi atatu. Mwachitsanzo, m'chilimwe mpweya usavutike ku makumi asanu, ndipo madzulo akamazizira pansi mpaka fifitini. Nthawi zina usiku pali frosts. Monga tanena mtundu wa nyengo amayambanso chipululu. Shuga ndi wotchuka kwambiri. The kutentha Ndi mmene kwa Mexico, North ndi South Africa, Arabia ndi Australia. M'madera lonyowa m'madera amenewa amapezeka zone savannah ndi nkhalango deciduous.

yamphamvu nyengo

chimake ndi zina pa malo nyengo ya lamba chapakati cha Earth. A makilomita mazana ochepa kum'mwera ndi kumpoto kwa dziko pali nthambi. Iwo ali nawo mu mitundu zofunika nyengo imene pali anayi. Equatorial nyengo yodziwika ndi amaudindo apamwamba kutentha chaka chonse. The apakatikati ndi pafupifupi 25 madigiri. Masana mlengalenga zikhoza kutenthetsa kwa makumi anayi, ndi usiku kwa kuziziritsa kwa khumi ndi zisanu. Pa chaka, zinthu zimenezi kutentha sidzasinthika. zina nyengo yodziwika ndi osachepera kusintha kwa nyengo, ndi yamphamvu akuyerekezeranso chilimwe okhazikika. The kuchepa pazipita mu zikutanthauza kutentha mwezi madigiri awiri okha m'nyengo yozizira. Komanso, pali mvula yamphamvu kwambiri kuperekedwa mu mawonekedwe a yamvumbi ndi mabingu. chiwerengero chawo akhoza kufika zikwizikwi millimeters. Chifukwa mkulu evaporation kutentha mu dera ngati stably wabwino. Nyengo yamphamvu ndi katswiri ndi kutalika masana kufika maola khumi. zone Izi amakhala ndi zomera olemera ndi zomera. Pafupifupi theka la mitundu yonse analipo a nyama ndi zomera anapeza ndendende mu zone ya nyengo yamphamvu. Ndi mmene kwa America South, Africa ndi Indonesia.

subpolar nyengo

Kodi kulankhula za pakati. Mutha kudziwa mtundu wa nyengo ya Arctic kapena equator, koma nanga bwanji, nkuti, Titafika pamalo? Chili katundu wa kumalo ozizira ndi kotentha! Choncho, asayansi mitundu wapakatikati anali kudziŵika. Subpolar nyengo yodziwika ndi osakhalitsa otsika pamene mpweya wa millimeters mazana asanu, imbaenda zithaphwi. Chilimwe m'madera ozizira ndi wamfupi, ndi kutentha osati choposa madigiri khumi Celsius, ndipo m'nyengo yozizira izo akutsikira ku opanda makumi asanu. gawo aphimbidwa ndi Madzi oundana ndi yodziwika ndi zomera kochepa wa lichens. nyengo chimasiyanitsa mbali kumpoto kwa Russia, Canada, Greenland, Scandinavia, Alaska ndi Antarctica.

subtropical nyengo

gulu ili lidakali pakati pa 30 ndi 40 madigiri kumpoto kapena kumpoto chakum'mwera. Amalekanitsa ndi Nyengo ya mtundu zotentha. The mayiko ili la United States, Asia, ndi Mediterranean, Japan, New Zealand ndi Australia. Nyengo subtropical akuti ndi zabwino thanzi la munthu. N'zotheka kuonetsetsa nyengo ziwiri: ofunda ndi owuma kwambiri m'chilimwe ndi yozizira chisanu ndi yonyowa chimene chimafika mchikakamizo cha unyinji mpweya amayenda n'kupita kotentha. Pachaka kutentha matalikidwe ndi mokwanira lalikulu. M'chilimwe mpweya umafunda kwa sate-faifi, nagwa madigiri awiri pa yozizira usiku. Masana, kusiyana ndi zazing'ono. Akuti otchulidwa mu July ndi August, ozizira - January ndi February. Mu Chigawo cha kum'mwera zinthu ndi anyamata. Kwa nyengo subtropical yodziwika ndi nkhalango yobiriwira, nthawizina theka-zipululu. The zosiyanasiyana zomera ndi zipangitsa nyengo, kupereka nyengo chaka chonse kukula.

boma yamphamvu nyengo

mtundu wa nyengo chimapambana pa dziko ili monga pansipa zone zotentha. Iye ndi kufupika. Chilimwe chimakhala chogwidwa ndi misa yamphamvu ndi mvula zambiri, akhonza kugwa kwa millimeters zikwi zisanu. M'nyengo yozizira, ndi nthawi yoti mvula otentha kuti mbali wouma ndi kutentha mpweya. Mu nthawi ya mvula chilala si upambana millimeters khumi. Zimenezi zimabweretsa chakuti mderali bwinobwino anagawa nyengo ziwiri: mvula ndi miyezi ya chilala. Kutentha amakhalabe mkulu mu chaka. M'miyezi yozizira iwo ukutsika madigiri ochepa. Komanso, matalikidwe tsiku chochepa: usiku, monga ulamuliro, pafupifupi ofunda monga masiku. Sub-yamphamvu nyengo yodziwika ndi Nkhalango, kumene nyama zambiri amakhala - makoswe, carnivores, artiodactyla.

apanyanja nyengo

Tiyeneranso kusiyanitsa mabacteria osiyana ili mkati zone limodzi. Mukhoza kuonetsetsa m'madzi zolimbitsa kapena otentha m'madzi nyengo, amene ali zofanana, ngakhale kusiyana chidwi. Choncho mtundu uwu ndi khalidwe la mbali pa nyanja. Iwo amakhala ndi kusinthasintha kochepa mu kutentha onse pachaka ndi tsiku ndi kusintha yosalala kwambiri nyengo. Maritime nyengo yodziwika ndi mphepo yamphamvu, mitambo mkulu ndi chinyezi nthawi zonse. Kudera limeneli angapezeke Mwachitsanzo, mu Ulaya.

chokhala ndi nyengo

nyengo uli zigawo pamalo zone ya nyengo m'madzi. M'magazini chake n'chiyani? Ngelezi mtundu wa nyengo yodziwika ndi nyengo dzuwa ndi anticyclones ndi chidwi matalikidwe a onse kutentha pachaka tsiku. Chilimwe kuno msanga m'malo mwa yozizira. mtundu nyengo Ngelezi akhoza zina ogaŵikana wofatsa, lakuthwa nthawi zonse. Chitsanzo chabwino ndi chigawo chapakati cha m'dera la Russia.

chakum'mawa kwa nyengo

mtundu wa nyengo amakhala ndi kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa dzinja ndi chirimwe kutentha. M'miyezi yotentha, nyengo aumbike mwa zochita za mphepo ikuwomba panyanja kuti ziume malo. Choncho yamvula mtundu wa nyengo ya chilimwe anati nyanja, ndi mvula, mitambo, chinyezi ndi mphepo yamphamvu. M'nyengo yozizira, misa mpweya akasintha kolowera. Yamvula mtundu wa nyengo kuyamba akufanana ndi chokhala - ndi nyengo bwino ndi frosty mvula kochepa mu nyengo. Kusiyana oterowo ndi khalidwe la zinthu zachilengedwe mayiko angapo Asian - zimapezeka Japan, Asia ndi kumpoto kwa India.