Mowa methyl

Methyl mowa (kapena methanol) ndi madzi colorless. Ndi mosavuta miscible ndi madzi ndi solvents zosiyanasiyana ndi maziko organic. Kukoma ndi fungo la methyl mowa (CH3OH chilinganizo) ali pafupifupi palibe kusiyana ethyl, koma ndi poizoni ndipo angathe kuyambitsa poyizoni kwambiri. Methanol ali otsika kuwira mfundo. Ndi 64,5 madigiri Celsius. Pamene moto nkhaniyi ali wotumbululuka mtundu buluu wa lawi ndipo palibe amasuta.

M'mikhalidwe zachilengedwe, sikutheka kupeza methanol mu ufulu mawonekedwe. Mu chikhalidwe, pali methyl mowa zotumphukira yekha, amene ali Ester mafuta ndi zinthu. Iwo ubiquitous. Anthranilic asidi methyl Ester ali mafuta Jasmine ndi salicylic - mafuta wintergreen. Opangidwa kuchokera kwa methanol opezeka alkaloids, utoto zachilengedwe, etc.

Poyamba apeze methanol opangidwa pa youma distillation ndondomeko, chuma mitengo yaiwisi. Modern opanga mafakitale ntchito njira kupanga.

Methyl mowa chimagwiritsidwa ntchito monga zosungunulira penti ndi vanishi. Izo ntchito monga membala kuyambira kubala formaldehyde, dimethyl sulphate ndi mankhwala enaake methyl, ndi mankhwala ena mwa mankhwala. Komanso, ndi chimodzi mwa zigawo zoletsa kuwuma ndi ntchito denaturing ethyl mowa.

Methanol ndi poizoni, zimene zikugwirizana ndi mtima ndi machitidwe mantha. The kawopsedwe wa thunthu chifukwa makutidwe ndi okosijeni ake pamene ingested ndi kutembenuza kwa formaldehyde moyo pachiswe.

Methyl mowa poizoni amene angayambe atalandira Botolo asanu ndi khumi chimachititsa khungu anthu. mlingo A chopitirira magalamu makumi atatu, ndi zambiri chifukwa cha imfa, lomwe limapezeka pa kusokoneza a dongosolo kupuma, m'mapapo edema kapena ubongo ndi uremia kapena kugwa. Zizindikiro za wofatsa poyizoni methanol angaoneke:

• mutu;
• ambiri malaise;
• kufooka;
• nseru;
• kuzizira;
• kusanza.

Choncho chiopsezo thanzi si methyl mowa mtundu woyera, komanso osakaniza zimene zili methanol ndi yaing'ono. Chiphaso cha chinthu poizoni m'thupi udzachitika osati mwa dongosolo m'mimba. awiri mowa umalowa mu mapapo. Methanol ndalama zazing'ono akhoza kulowa mu thupi kudzera pakhungu.

Methyl mowa m'mayiko ena ntchito monga denaturant kwa Mowa amafotokozera. Chifukwa anachita chinthu mankhwala ndi chigawo chimodzi cha mankhwala opangidwa ku makampani mafutawo. malamulo Russian loletsa kugwiritsa ntchito methanol mankhwala anafuna kudya misa.

Methyl mowa ndi kugwiritsa ntchito yake mungafike kwa synthesizing zambiri za mafakitale mafakitale mankhwala. Pa maziko ake ndi ma polima kupangidwa ndi osiyanasiyana zinthu organic. Methanol chimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati wothandizira ntchito yokonza mitundu ina ya mankhwala.

Methyl mowa ndi zopangira yopangira methylamine, pentaerythritol, ndi hexamine. ntchito zake kupanga polyvinylchloride, ion kuwombola ndi urea resins, komanso kupanga filimu Zithunzi. Popanda methanol sangathe opareshoni zomera ammonia. Methyl mowa chimagwiritsidwa ntchito makampani mankhwala mu kupanga mankhwala. madzi angagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati mafuta zomera mphamvu, kukhala wogwirizira galimoto mafuta. Popanda methanol si opangidwa asidi acetic ndi mphira kupanga. mankhwala komanso wapeza ntchito zake makampani ndi mafuta ndi gasi zovuta zinthu.