Mphamvu wapawiri - ndi udindo wofanana nthambi awiri a boma

mphamvu wapawiri - ndi zenizeni mbiri, zikuchitika pa paliponse nthawi zonse. Koma kuitana mosiyana: diarchy, duumvirate. Diarchy anali Principate ndi - yeniyeni mawonekedwe oyambirira ufumu wa Chiroma, imene mfumu anatsutsa Senate, mothandizidwa ndi anthu. Akamanena za zinthuzo yekha - udindo wofanana apamwamba awiri akuluakulu boma kapena malo.

Ndi mphamvu wapawiri bwino ku mayiko ambiri

Lexical mawu momveka bwino kuti mphamvu wapawiri - mphamvu ya ziwiri. Mu mbiri ya zitsanzo zambiri pamene dziko linayamba kulamulidwa ndi anthu awiri nthawi imodzi. Mu Spain, chigamulo ichi chokha, Ferdinand ndi Isabella.

Ku maiko ngati Bhutan (kumeneko tsopano) ndi Tibet, panali dongosolo wapawiri boma. Peter I mu 1682 anabwera wachifumu ndi m'bale wake Ivan. Koma diarchy diarchy ndewu. Ngati wopondereza Spanish munamutcha integrally, mafumu Peter Ivan V Ine ndi muzikangana wachifumu shrunken imodzi mwa magazi streletskogo chiwawa. Iwo ankaimira awiri kudana lililonse Fuko ena - Miloslavskys ndi Naryshkin. Woterowo mphamvu wapawiri bwino kuti Ancient Greece ndi Ancient Rome, Zolotaya Orda ndi akale Sweden, Grand Duchy la Lithuania, England ndi ku Scotland masiku a William III ya Orange.

yochepa zotsatira mu chochitika nkhondo

Pafupifupi nthawi zonse, mphamvu ya awiri zinagwira chisokonezo ndi kumatenga nthawi yaitali ndi mfundo za mbiri yakale. Kuti ndi Yachilendo ndi lingaliro wamba ndi cholinga cha mphamvu wapawiri - ichi ndi chinthu chosakhalitsa. chitsutso Political zingakhale zothandiza kwambiri. Ndi dziko pamene si wotukuka. Izi zili choncho pamene palibe zimachitika pakati pa malo a mphamvu, pamene mphamvu zonse si wogawanika pakati pa iwo ndi kukwaniritsa bwino, koma pali, pa mwake, kukumana achiwawa pakati pa maufumu awiri ofanana dzudzulani mayunitsi utsogoleri. Zikatere n'zotheka njira imodzi kunja - kuti ena mwa magulu ayenera kupambana ndi kuikira mphamvu manja ake yekha. mphamvu wapawiri ndi nthawi yoopsa chifukwa nthawi zonse limodzi ndi nkhondo yapachiweniweni ndipo magazi ambiri.

A chodabwitsa mwangwiro zoweta

Kwambiri mokwiya ndi zoonekeratu chitsanzo cha mawu awa - mphamvu ziwiri Russia, pambuyo pa February utasintha inatenga ku March kwa July 1917. Ngakhale kuti nkhani anali kale milandu dongosolo wapawiri a boma lapadera zimene zinachitika mu Russia, izo sizinali. Monga tanenera kale, mphamvu wapawiri - nthambi awiri a mphamvu alipo mu kufanana. Mu chaka chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chiwiri mu Russia, mmodzi wa iwo anali Provisional boma, ndi chiwalo cha ulamuliro wa bourgeoisie, winayo - Asovieti wa anyabasa 'ndi Asilikali' ziwanga, nyongolosi ya m'tsogolo mphamvu ya anthu. Koma nthawi ambiri mipando mu Council anapita Mensheviks ndi SRs - 250, ndi Bolsheviks analandira 28. kokha Izo zinachitika chifukwa kuloŵedwa m'malo mwa Petrograd Soviet linakhazikitsidwa ndi Mensheviks mu 1915, gulu Ntchito za-Industrial usilikali Committee chapakati (Ntchito uphungu Center). Pa mutu unali Menshevik KA Gvozdev. The Bolsheviks akadali amadziwa pang'ono za ntchito gulu.

Anti-otchuka boma la Mensheviks

Mwamsanga boma Social ndi Mensheviks ikuchitika malamulo awo. Home analengeza iwo ankaganiza - dziko sichinafike kucha kwa kusintha zokomera. Iwo akufuna chilengedwe cha ku Provisional boma, lomwe ayenera kuonetsa mphamvu, koma pa Council anali woyenera kulamulira zochitika za dongosolo latsopano boma. Nsonga anadalira mphamvu ya anthu kumulakwira, koma mphamvu anali bourgeois Provisional boma. Adanyamuka February diarchy - kukumana ndale za anthu ndi bourgeoisie. The awiri nthambi anali ndi zolinga zosiyana - ndi Bolsheviks inalamula kupitiriza zisinthe, chigonjetso cha umene udzakhazikitsidwe ulamuliro wa proletariat ndi, ndi bourgeoisie inalamula kupitiriza nkhondo. Iwo ankasiyana pafupifupi onse nkhani, mgwirizano anali ingafikiridwe mu kuletsedwa kwa adani a anthu a mumzinda dziko. Yothetsera mavuto zovuta chifukwa ndikosatheka kukondera kulephereka kwa "pambuyo pake."

Bwino kuti zipolowe Russian

Mwachibadwa, pansi Zikatere, ndi Provisional boma, mavuto a anadza pakati pa March. G. E. Lvov anakhala wapampando wa lotsatira Mgwirizano "Atumiki zokomera" a boma umene unatha miyezi 1.5, ndipo kwa kanthawi kochepa lidakalipobe mavuto awiri. Nthawi zambiri, kuchokera March kuti October mzake 4 anasintha zikuchokera kwa Provisional boma. Iwo anali taonera kuti mphamvu wapawiri - nthawi osokonezeka. Panali sazindikira chilichonse Komabe, aliyense kumene wosankhidwa wa Provisional boma inalamula kupitiriza nkhondo ndi kukhazikitsa kudzipereka kwa ogwirizana ake. Council lotsogoledwa ndi Mensheviks ndi SRs anali ndi boma, tingati nthawi yomweyo, chimene chinasokoneza chidaliro cha anthu, ndi kuchititsa chakukhosi wake. Wamagazi atasemphana anali akamayamba. Mu July, ndi 500,000th chionetsero anawomberedwa ndi asilikali okhulupirika kwa Provisional boma, lomwe chinathandiza mapangidwe a February utasintha. mphamvu wapawiri inathera ndi chigonjetso cha bourgeoisie lapansi. The Bolshevik Party inaletsedwa ndipo anapita mobisa.