Nsabwe za m'masamba mu nkhaka mu wowonjezera kutentha: momwe mungamenyane? Mankhwala a anthu. Njira zothetsera nsabwe za m'masamba pa nkhaka mu wowonjezera kutentha: ndemanga, zithunzi

Mlimi aliyense akukula nkhaka, nthawi zambiri amakumana ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, monga nsabwe za m'masamba, kumverera bwino mu malo otseka, ndiko kutentha.

Nsabwe za m'masamba: ndi zoopsa bwanji komanso momwe zimawonekera?

Maonekedwe a tizilombowa ndi osavuta kudziwa: masamba pa chomera amakhala flaccid ndi saggy, pambali yawo, komanso pamaluwa, mazira ndi mawanga, zonsezi zosaoneka zosafunika zimawoneka mosavuta.

Nsabwe za m'masamba, zomwe ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono, zofiira kapena zachikasu, zimakhala zoopsa panthawi yomwe zimayamba kuthawa. Zimatheka chifukwa chakuti zimakhala zovuta kwambiri pa chomera chimodzi, chomwe chimayambitsa kusoŵa kwa chakudya. Chifukwa chake, mitundu yophimba mapiko imabadwa, yomwe imayamba kuwulukira ku zomera zoyandikana nawo. Zotsatira zake - nsabwe za m'masamba pa nkhaka mu wowonjezera kutentha. Kodi mungatani kuti muthane ndi matendawa? Ndi njira ziti zomwe mungagwiritse ntchito? Kodi ndi ogwira mtima bwanji?

Kukhazikitsidwa mwadzidzidzi kwa njira zowonongeka ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kungathe kunyalanyaza ntchito yabwino ya alimi a galimoto, kuwononga mbewu zambiri za m'munda ndipo, motero, chiyembekezo chopeza zokolola zambiri.

Kulimbana ndi kuyembekezera

Kuvomerezeka kwapadera kwa ntchito zoteteza kudzateteza zomera ku nsabwe za m'masamba. Njira zothetsera nsabwe za m'masamba pa nkhaka mu wowonjezera kutentha zingakhale zowerengeka komanso kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zamakina. Koma ndi bwino kupita patsogolo kwa mdaniyo ndi njira zothandizira, zomwe zimapangidwanso ndi zitsamba zam'madzi ndi sulfure flasks. Mamitala lalikulu amagwiritsira ntchito magalamu 50 a mankhwala. Opaleshoniyi imalimbikitsidwa muzitsulo zosungidwa bwino zomangidwa ndi matabwa, chifukwa chitsulo cha sulfurous anhydride chikuwononga.

Komanso zogwiritsidwa ntchito ndizochitika m'kati mwa malo otentha, kuphatikizapo kusungunula, ndi klorini laimu pamtunda wa magalamu 400 a kukonza pa 10 malita a madzi. Yankho liyenera kukhala kwa kanthawi. Kuwaza zomera kumafuna madzi ovomerezeka, ndipo zitsulo zimatha kuphimba masamulo ndi zinyumba zina zotentha.

Imodzi mwa njira zolimbana ndi njira yoyenera yogulitsa ulimi

Panthawi imodzimodziyo ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa kayendedwe ka mkati mwa zitsamba za greenhouses, tikulimbikitsidwa kuwonjezera mphamvu za zipatso kuti tipewe tizirombo. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kutsatira malamulo otentha. Usiku, thermometer sayenera kugwa pansi pa madigiri 18. Masana amatha kutentha kuposa madigiri 28. Tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tifike mbali ya kumwera kwa wowonjezera kutentha ndi choko.

Kuyenerera kwa agrotechnical kayendedwe ka kulima nkhaka ndilofunika: kusunga mawu odzala, mpweya wabwino wa malo, kuwonjezera pa feteleza.

Timagwiritsa ntchito feteleza phosphorus-potaziyamu

Ndipo komabe, ngati nsabwe za m'masamba zimapezeka mu nkhaka mu wowonjezera kutentha, momwe mungagwirire nazo? Mapulogalamu apamwamba a pamapiri ndi ma phosphoric-potassium akukonzekera adzakuthandizani. Ndibwino kuti muziwatsogolera asanatuluke. Pofuna kuthetsa yankho, ma gramu 10 a karodiyamu ndi ma gramu 20 a superphosphate ayenera kuchepetsedwa mu 10 malita a madzi.

Maonekedwe a nyerere mu wowonjezera kutentha ndizosautsa mavuto ambiri padziko lonse: nsabwe za m'masamba, mkaka umene nyerere zimadya. Choncho, pamene alowa mu wowonjezera kutentha, ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito makina apamwamba omwe amatsutsana ndi mawonekedwe.

Kodi kuthana ndi nsabwe za m'masamba pa nkhaka mu wowonjezera kutentha? Kuwongolera ku nsabwe za m'masamba kumabzala pambali ya mabedi, zomwe zimakhala zovuta kwambiri kwa tizilombo. Mmodzi wa iwo ndi basil.

Ngati, ngakhale zowononga zatsimikizira kuti sizikuthandiza ndipo pali aphid pa nkhaka mu wowonjezera kutentha, momwe mungamenyane? Zithunzi zikuwonetsa ngozi ya mdani wamng'ono uyu.

Ngati matendawa ali ndi kachilombo kakang'ono, tizilombo tingathe kuchotsedwa mwapang'onopang'ono, kufufuza mosamala tchire ndikudula masamba ndi nsabwe za m'masamba. Mdima wobiriwira amatengedwa kuchokera ku wowonjezera kutentha ndikuwotchedwa, ndipo madengu a nkhaka amatsanuliridwa kuchokera ku payipi yomwe ili pansipa.

Mankhwala otsutsana ndi wowonjezera kutentha aphid

Ngati nsabwe za m'masamba zimakhala mu nkhaka mu wowonjezera kutentha, mungamenyane bwanji? Okonzanso ochita kafukufuku amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa monga Inta-Vir, Arrivo, Decis, Kinmix, Carbophos. Lekani kukonza ndikufunika pasanathe mwezi umodzi musanakolole.

Kukonzekera kwachilengedwe komwe sikupha nsabwe za m'masamba ndi kotheka, koma kumamupatsira matenda. Zotsatira zake, tizilombo timatha nthawi zambiri pa sabata ndi theka. Mankhwalawa ndi otetezeka kwambiri ndipo sawononga tizilombo topindulitsa mu greenhouses . Izi ndi "Entobakterin", "Fitoverm", "Strela", "Akarin", "Peretrum". Atagwiritsa ntchito, nsabwe za m'masamba pa nkhaka mu wowonjezera kutentha zidzatha.

Kodi mungamenyane bwanji? Mankhwala a anthu

Osati munda aliyense ali wokonzeka kugwiritsa ntchito makina ogwira ntchito pamabedi ake, posankha njira zopanda pake. Kukonzekera komwe kumapangidwa chifukwa cha zamoyo zachilengedwe ndi zopanda phindu, sizikhala ndi zotsatirapo, zimatha msanga, sizomwe zimakhala ndi mankhwala, ndipo zimawopa nsabwe za m'masamba pa nkhaka mu wowonjezera kutentha. Kodi mungatani kuti muthane ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matendawa, koma owopsa kwambiri?

Zokwanira ndi kuyesedwa kwa zaka kulowetsedwa kwa adyo. Pogwiritsa ntchito kukonzekera, amafunika kugaya kilogalamu imodzi ya kilogalamuyi, kuyiyika mu chidebe chokhala ndi lita zitatu, mudzaze ndi madzi ndikuumirira masiku asanu. Pakatha nthawiyi mu 10 malita a madzi, muyenera kuchepetsa makilogalamu 60 omaliza kulowetsedwa ndikusamalira nkhaka ndi utsi.

Njira yachiwiri: adyo ayenera kupukuta, kuikidwa mu botolo, kuwonjezera madzi mofanana, zilowerere kwa masiku 10 mu chidebe chotseka. Pamene kupopera mbewu mankhwala mu 10 malita a madzi, kuchepetsa 25 ml ya mankhwala.

Mankhusu angagwiritsidwe ntchito. Pochita izi, 150 magalamu ayenera kuthiridwa ndi 10 malita a madzi, zilowerere maola 24 ndikuwaza zomera nthawi yomweyo.

Kulimbana polimbana ndi nsabwe za m'masamba. Ayenera kutenga 300 magalamu a masamba ake osayidwa, kuumirira mu malita 10 a madzi, kuti azikhala masiku awiri, pambuyo pake kuti agwiritse ntchito.

Mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito dandelion. 400 magalamu atsopano mizu ndi 600 gm ya masamba kuwaza, kutsanulira 10 malita a madzi, kunena 3 maola ndi ntchito monga analamula.

Kuphika nsabwe za m'masamba, njira yothetsera sopo imathandiza. Kuti mupange mu chidebe cha madzi, muyenera kuwonjezera zikho 2 zazikulu za phulusa la phulusa, kuthira sopo, kusakaniza mpaka zigawozo zitasungunuka kwathunthu.

Kugwira ntchito motsutsana ndi nsabwe za m'masamba infusions chitsamba chowawa, mandimu anyezi, tsabola wotentha, sorelo masamba, phwetekere ndi masamba a mbatata. Chinthu chofunikira ndi kupopera mankhwala mobwerezabwereza ndi iwo, chifukwa mankhwala amodzi amodzi sakhala okwanira: nsabwe za m'masamba sizidzatha, zidzayamba kuchulukitsa ndi kuwononga zomera.

Mdani wachirengedwe ndi ladybug

Mdani wachirengedwe wa nsabwe za m'masamba ndi aakazi. Pofuna kuwakopera kumalo ovuta kumbali ya mapeto ake, mutha kubzala mpiru ndi mpiru, omwe amakonda kwambiri tizilombo ta mapiko.

Mukhozanso kungotenga mbalame zam'madzi ndikuzithamangira ku wowonjezera kutentha, ndipo kumeneko adzatulutsa wochuluka wamwano komanso wakupha.

Malangizo ophera nsabwe za m'masamba

Kodi muyenera kukumbukira chiyani kuti musadziŵe tizilombo toopsya, monga nsabwe za m'masamba pa nkhaka mu wowonjezera kutentha? Kodi mungachite chiyani ndi mdani wopanda dzina? Ndipo bwanji kuti musalole maonekedwe ake pa malo ake?

1. Nkhaka zamasamba ziyenera kuchiritsidwa panthaŵi yake, ndi ang'onoang'ono a tizirombo.
2. Njira zothetsera ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mwatsopano, chifukwa cha poizoni wawo ndi waufupi.
3. Kukonzekera kwa nkhaka mu wowonjezera kutentha kumachitika maola madzulo; Masana, mankhwala osokoneza bongo amawopsa kwambiri.
4. Musagwiritse ntchito ndalama pa nthawi ya maluwa, mwinamwake ndi nsabwe za m'masamba mungathe kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.